Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic

The Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (a.k.a. COMNAVSUBFOR; and dual-hatted as Commander, Naval Submarine Force, Atlantic or COMSUBLANT) is the Submarine Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet type commander under the United States Fleet Forces Command.

The principal responsibility of the Admiral commanding is to operate, maintain, train, and equip submarines. COMSUBLANT also has additional duties as commander of NATO's Allied Submarine Command and also Commander, Naval Submarine Forces. As Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (COMSUBFOR), an additional type commander role, he also supervises Commander, Submarine Force Pacific (often known as COMSUBPAC). From the 1960s to the 1990s the commander also held the NATO post of Commander, Submarines, Western Atlantic (COMSUBWESTLANT).

History
Established on 7 December 1941, Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwards was its first commander. COMSUBLANT headquarters was at Naval Submarine Base New London until 1960, when it was moved to Naval Station Norfolk. U.S. submarine operations in the Atlantic, however, date from before World War I. On January 1, 1913, Lieutenant Chester W. Nimitz was in command of the Atlantic Submarine Flotilla, with First Group consisting of submarines C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-5 under Lieutenant Lewis D. Causey, and Second Group consisting of submarines D-1, D-2, D-3, E-1, and E-2 under Lieutenant (junior grade) Claudius R. Hyatt. Nimitz was in command from May 1912 to March 1913.

In October 1945, Submarine Squadron 2 was established at Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut, and in February 1946, Submarine Squadron 8 was commissioned at Groton.

"In correspondence of 31 January 1949, the Chief of Naval Operations directed 'that the Fleet Commanders assign one division in each fleet to [the] sole task [of solving] the problem of using submarines to detect and destroy enemy submarines. All other operations of any nature, even type training, ASW services, or fleet tactics, shall be subordinated to this mission.' After a further exchange of correspondence, Submarine Forces Atlantic established Submarine Development Group 2, consisting of four Diesel submarines, two Guppy (Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program) conversions and two standard fleet boats." The initial staff included Captain Roy S. Benson, two officers and two yeomen reporting directly to him.

In 1951, Submarine Squadron 10 was established at State Pier, New London, Connecticut. The squadron has the distinction of being the only unit associated with Submarine Base New London to actually be located in New London instead of Groton. In the early 1960s Squadron 10 became the first all-nuclear United States submarine squadron. The squadron was supported by USS Fulton (AS-11) for most of its existence, until both Fulton and the squadron were decommissioned in May, 1991.

In December 1969, Submarine Squadron 8 was decommissioned.

Submarine Squadron 14 operated Fleet Ballistic Missile boats from Holy Loch, Scotland, from 1961 until it was disbanded in 1992. COMSUBLANT also oversaw Submarine Squadron 22 at La Maddalena in the Mediterranean, which existed 1972–2008 and was known as Submarine Refit and Training Group La Maddalena from 1972 to the mid-1980s. Submarine Group 8 continues to operate in support of U.S. and NATO objectives there.

On 1 May 1977, Submarine Development Group 2 was officially redesignated as Submarine Development Squadron 12 in recognition of its role and responsibilities and new organizational status. In August 1979, Submarine Squadron 8 was recommissioned in Norfolk, where it remained until consolidation with Submarine Squadron 6 on April 28, 2011. On January 13, 2012, Submarine Squadron 2 similarly was disestablished, transferring its boats to Submarine Squadron 4 and Submarine Development Squadron 12.

As Commander, Task Force 42, COMSUBLANT operated Atlantic Fleet attack submarines. In addition, as Commander, Task Force 84, the previous Atlantic Fleet special surveillance and anti-submarine warfare commander, COMSUBLANT operates submarines, Maritime Patrol Aircraft, surface ships assigned by Fleet Forces Command and Integrated Undersea Surveillance System assets.

As of 2011, SUBLANT numbers 30 submarines and more than 15,000 officers, enlisted, and civilian personnel providing combat ready submarines in the Atlantic, Arctic, Eastern Pacific, and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.

Commander, Naval Submarine Forces wrote in June 2012 on his blog: "We're not perfect. In the Submarine Force we've had some high-visibility lapses in character. You've read about them: the cheating incident on USS MEMPHIS, the fraternization between the Chief of the Boat and a female midshipman on USS NEBRASKA, an incident of hazing on USS Florida, and the financial misconduct of some Supply Officers in Kings Bay. In each case, once discovered, these incidents were thoroughly investigated, and appropriate people were held accountable. This is our approach and we'll continue to address these cases swiftly and decisively." There have also been previous problems of this nature. Commander Michael J. Alfonso was relieved as Commander, Blue Crew, USS Florida (SSBN-728) in 1997 for ignoring his executive officer and browbeating his crew.

Rear Admiral Kenneth Perry, Commander, Submarine Group 2, retired on Friday, August 22, 2014, and the post of Commander Submarine Group 2 was disestablished that day. The responsibilities of the 45 personnel in the group headquarters have been shifted to the individual submarine squadrons. The new arrangement, with Submarine Squadrons reporting directly to the Submarine type commander for the fleet, mirrors that functioning in the Pacific.

Submarines and units
These are the submarines and related units reporting to COMSUBLANT.

Norfolk, Virginia
Commander, Submarine Squadron 6 (COMSUBRON Six):


 * USS San Francisco (SSN 711)
 * USS Helena (SSN 725)
 * USS Newport News (SSN 750)
 * USS Pasadena (SSN 752)
 * USS Albany (SSN 753)
 * USS Boise (SSN 764)
 * USS New Hampshire (SSN 778)
 * USS John Warner (SSN 785)
 * USS Washington (SSN 787)
 * USS Montana (SSN 794)
 * USS New Jersey (SSN 796)
 * USS Massachusetts (SSN 798)

Groton, Connecticut
Commander, Submarine Group 2 (COMSUBGRU Two) Submarine Group 2 was disestablished on 22 August 2014. It had been previously designated Submarine Flotilla Two and was active in the Atlantic Fleet from at least 1978 to 2014 and based in Groton, CT. (Ships and Aircraft, Eleventh Edition, 1978)

Commander, Submarine Squadron 2 (COMSUBRON Two):

Submarine Squadron 2 was disestablished in 2012 and all COMSUBRON 2 assigned attack submarines were assigned to COMSUBRON 4 or Commander, Submarine Development Squadron 12.

Commander, Submarine Squadron 4 (COMSUBRON Four):
 * USS Montpelier (SSN 765)
 * USS Hartford (SSN 768)
 * USS Minnesota (SSN 783)
 * USS North Dakota (SSN 784)
 * USS Colorado (SSN 788)
 * USS South Dakota (SSN 790)
 * USS Vermont (SSN 792)
 * USS Oregon (SSN 793)
 * USS Hyman G. Rickover (SSN 795)
 * USS Iowa (SSN 797)
 * USS Idaho (SSN 799)

Commander, Submarine Squadron 12 (COMSUBRON 12):
 * USS Providence (SSN-719)
 * USS San Juan (SSN-751)
 * USS Santa Fe (SSN 763)
 * USS Toledo (SSN 769)
 * USS Virginia (SSN 774)
 * USS Texas (SSN 775)
 * USS New Mexico (SSN 779)
 * USS California (SSN 781)
 * USS Indiana (SSN 789)
 * USS Delaware (SSN 791)

Submarine Development Squadron 12's mission, as assigned by the Chief of Naval Operations, is to develop the tactics and promulgate the tactical doctrine to conduct submarine warfare. Organized as Submarine Development Group 2 on 9 May 1949, the original charter was to solve the problem of using submarines to defeat and destroy enemy submarines. During the intervening years this charter has grown in scope to support the full range of submarine missions including arctic warfare, anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface ship warfare, mine warfare and tactical strike warfare. With the vastly improved capabilities of the modern nuclear submarine and a weapons delivery capability that include mines, torpedoes, and cruise missiles, there are few naval warfare missions which cannot be conducted by submarines. On 1 May 1977, Submarine Development Group 2 was officially re-designated as Submarine Development Squadron 12 in recognition of its expanded role and responsibilities and new organizational status. The Headquarters has been located at the Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut since 1949. Submarine Development Squadron 12 also commands a squadron of the most modern attack submarines.

On January 15, 2016 Submarine Development Squadron 12 was re-designated Submarine Squadron 12, given the tactical development responsibilities fall under the Undersea Warfighting Development Center

Portsmouth, New Hampshire/Maine
Portsmouth Naval Shipyard serves as one of the primary maintenance facilities for U.S. submarines from both the Atlantic and Pacific. No submarines are officially based here.

Commander, Submarine Group 10 (COMSUBGRU Ten)
Commander, Submarine Squadron 16 (COMSUBRON Sixteen):
 * USS Florida (SSGN 728)
 * USS Georgia (SSGN 729)

Commander, Submarine Squadron 20 (COMSUBRON Twenty):
 * USS Alaska (SSBN 732)
 * USS Tennessee (SSBN 734)
 * USS West Virginia (SSBN 736)
 * USS Maryland (SSBN 738)
 * USS Rhode Island (SSBN 740)
 * USS Wyoming (SSBN 742)

Officers serving as COMSUBLANT
The following is an incomplete list:
 * Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwards, 1941–1942
 * Rear Admiral Freeland A. Daubin, 1942–1944
 * Rear Admiral Charles W. Styer, 1944–1946
 * Rear Admiral John Wilkes, 1946–1947
 * Rear Admiral James Fife, Jr., 1947–1950
 * Rear Admiral Stuart S. "Sunshine" Murray, 1950–1952
 * Rear Admiral George C. "Turkey Neck" Crawford, 1952–1954
 * Rear Admiral Frank T. Watkins, 1954–1957
 * Rear Admiral Charles W. "Weary" Wilkins, March–September 1957†
 * Rear Admiral Frederick B. Warder, September 1957 – 1960†
 * Rear Admiral Lawrence R. "Dan" Daspit, January–September 1960†
 * Vice Admiral Elton W. "Joe" Grenfell, September 1960 – 1964† (also COMSUBPAC, 1964–1966)
 * Vice Admiral Vernon L. "Rebel" Lowrance, 1964–1966†
 * Vice Admiral Arnold F. Schade, 1966–1970†
 * Vice Admiral Eugene P. Wilkinson, 1970–1972 (last WW2 submarine officer to hold the position)
 * Vice Admiral Robert L. J. Long, 1972–1974
 * Vice Admiral J. Williams Jr, 1974–1977
 * Vice Admiral Kenneth M. Carr, 1977–1980
 * Vice Admiral Steven A. White, 1980–1983
 * Vice Admiral Bernard M. Kauderer, 1983–1986
 * Vice Admiral Daniel 'Dan' L. Cooper, 1986–1988
 * Vice Admiral Roger F. Bacon, 1988–1990
 * Vice Admiral Henry "Hank" G. Chiles, 1990–1993
 * Vice Admiral George W. Emery, 1993–1996
 * Vice Admiral Richard W. Mies, 1996–1998
 * Vice Admiral Edmund P. Giambiastiani, 1998–2000
 * Vice Admiral John J. Grossenbacher, 2000–2003
 * Vice Admiral Kirk H. Donald, 2003–2004
 * Vice Admiral Charles L. Munns, 2004–2007
 * Vice Admiral John J. Donnelly, 2007–2010
 * Vice Admiral John Richardson, 2010–2012
 * Vice Admiral Michael J. Connor, 2012–2015
 * Vice Admiral Joseph E. Tofalo, 2015–2018
 * Vice Admiral Charles A. Richard 2018–2019
 * Vice Admiral Daryl Caudle 2019-2021
 * Vice Admiral William J. Houston 2021–2023
 * Vice Admiral Robert Gaucher 2023–present

† Wartime submarine commander