Constantine, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg

Constantine of Hessen-Rotenburg (May 24, 1716 in Rotenburg – December 30, 1778 in Schloss Wildeck) was Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg from 1749 until his death.

Early life
Constantine was the son of Landgrave Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg and his wife, Princess Eleonore of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort.

First marriage
He married in 1745 with Countess Marie Sophia Theresia Hedwig Eva von Starhemberg (1722-1773), daughter of the Imperial envoy Count Konrad Sigmund von Starhemberg (1689–1727) and his wife, Princess Leopoldine von Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (1689-1763). She was sister of Georg Adam, Prince of Starhemberg and widow of William Hyacinth, Prince of Nassau-Siegen.

He had 8 children from his first marriage, including :
 * Charles Emmanuel (1746–1812), his successor.


 * Clementina (1747–1801).
 * Hedwig (1748–1801), married Jacques Léopold de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon.
 * Christian (1750–1782), Canon of Cologne and Strasbourg.
 * Charles Constantine (1752-1821), a supporter of the French Revolution, better known as Citoyen Hesse.
 * Antonia (1753–1823), a nun.
 * Wilhelmina Maria (1755–1816), Provost and married George William von Strauss baron de Dorner (1744-1818).
 * Ernst (1758–1784), married Christine Wilhelmina Henriette Sophia von Bardeleben (1765-1835).

Second marriage
When his first wife died in 1773, on 17 May 1775 he remarried with the French Countess Johanna Henriette de Bombelles (1751-1822), sister of Marc Marie, Marquis de Bombelles. She was born as daughter of Count François Henri de Bombelles (1681-1760), guardian of the Duke of Orleans, and his wife, Genevieve Charlotte de Bradins de la Moisiere (b. 1727). As her family didn't belong to the small circle of reigning of former reigning families, their marriage was treated as morganatic and upon marriage she received the title of Countess von Reichenberg. They had no children. She married again, to Louis Le Tellier de Souvre, Marquis de Louvois (d. 1785). They also didn't have children.

Reign
Under Constantine, Hesse-Wanfried was in 1755 returned to Hesse-Rotenburg after the death of Christian of Hesse-Wanfried. Hesse-Rotenburg, which had been divided in 1648, was now again reunited and remained so until the Treaty of Lunéville in 1801.

He became a knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1759.