De Havilland Leopard Moth

The de Havilland DH.85 Leopard Moth is a three-seat high-wing cabin monoplane designed and built by the de Havilland Aircraft Company in 1933.

Design and construction
It was a successor to the DH.80 Puss Moth and replaced it on the company's Stag Lane and later Hatfield production lines. It was similar in configuration to the earlier aircraft, but instead of a fuselage with tubular steel framework, a lighter all-plywood structure was used which allowed a substantial improvement in range, performance and capacity on the same type of engine. The pilot is seated centrally in front of two side-by-side passengers and the wings can be folded for hangarage.

Operational history
The prototype first flew on 27 May 1933 and in July won the King's Cup Race at an average speed of 139.5 mph (224.5 km/h), piloted by Geoffrey de Havilland. A total of 133 aircraft were built, including 71 for owners in the British Isles, and 10 for Australia, including one delivered to Nancy Bird Walton, the first female commercial air operator in Australia. Other examples were exported to France, Germany, India, South Africa and Switzerland. Production of the Leopard Moth ended in 1936.

44 Leopard Moths were impressed into military service in Britain and others in Australia during World War II, mostly as communications aircraft. Only a few managed to survive six years of hard usage although a small number were still airworthy seventy years after the last was completed. Six remained operational in the U.K. in 2009.

Military operators

 * Belgian Congo
 * Aviation militaire de la Force publique First aircraft (C-1) entered service 9 October 1940.
 * L'Armée de l'Air
 * undefined
 * Luftwaffe (small numbers)
 * 🇮🇳 India
 * Royal Indian Air Force
 * Dutch Army Aviation Group
 * Portuguese Air Force
 * 🇿🇦 South Africa
 * South African Air Force
 * Southern Rhodesia
 * Southern Rhodesian Air Force operated one aircraft only.
 * Spanish Air Force
 * Straits Settlements
 * Malayan Volunteer Air Force
 * Royal Air Force impressed into service a number of former civil aircraft, using them as communications and liaison aircraft during the Second World War.
 * Royal Navy impressed into service two former civil aircraft.
 * Kingdom of Yugoslavia
 * Royal Yugoslav Air Force operated one aircraft only.
 * Royal Air Force impressed into service a number of former civil aircraft, using them as communications and liaison aircraft during the Second World War.
 * Royal Navy impressed into service two former civil aircraft.
 * Kingdom of Yugoslavia
 * Royal Yugoslav Air Force operated one aircraft only.
 * Royal Yugoslav Air Force operated one aircraft only.

Airline operators

 * 🇮🇳 India
 * Air India