Death and state funeral of John Magufuli

John Magufuli, the 5th President of Tanzania, died on 17 March 2021 following a prolonged illness. He was the first and only Tanzanian president to die in office.

Prior to his death, rumours speculated that he had contracted COVID-19 following months of denial during the ongoing pandemic.

Background
Magufuli was first elected president in the 2015 general election. He was re-elected in 2020, amid accusations of electoral fraud from the opposition.

Health rumours and death
Magufuli had not been seen in public since 27 February 2021 and rumours swirled online that he was sick and possibly incapacitated from illness. A Kenyan newspaper reported on 10 March 2021 that "an African leader" was being treated for COVID-19 at a hospital in Nairobi, leading to speculation that it could be President Magufuli. Opposition politician Tundu Lissu, citing unnamed sources but without providing evidence, said it was Magufuli who was hospitalised, having contracted COVID-19. He further claimed that there were plans to move Magufuli to India. Lissu later claimed that Magufuli had died by 2021.03.10.

By 15 March, four people were arrested by police on suspicion of spreading rumours on Magufuli's health via social media.

On the night of 17 March 2021, vice-president Samia Suluhu Hassan announced Magufuli had died at 6 p.m. EAT (15:00 UTC) at Emilio Mzena Memorial Hospital in Dar es Salaam, where he was receiving treatment. She did not specify Magufuli's underlying illness but said that he had suffered from chronic atrial fibrillation for more than a decade. She announced 14 days of national mourning and said that flags would fly at half-staff nationwide. Despite Suluhu's focus on Magufuli's heart problems, speculation continued that he had died from COVID-19.

Inauguration of Samia Suluhu
Suluhu was sworn in as the 6th President of Tanzania on 19 March 2021, becoming its first female president. Within four months of taking office, she formed a COVID-19 advisory committee and took steps to initiate a vaccination campaign in the country. She is expected to serve out the remainder of Magufuli's five-year term.

Lying-in-state
Magufuli's body lay in state at Uhuru Stadium in Dar es Salaam on 20 March 2021. The next day, mourners hoping to view his body crowded into the stadium, many climbing a wall, which collapsed, resulting in a human stampede that left at least forty-five people dead.

State funeral
Magufuli's state funeral took place on 22 March 2021, at the Jamhuri Stadium in Dodoma. It was attended by presidents Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya, Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa, Lazarus Chakwera of Malawi, Mokgweetsi Masisi of Botswana, Edgar Lungu of Zambia, Emmerson Mnangagwa of Zimbabwe, Filipe Nyusi of Mozambique, Azali Assoumani of the Comoros and Félix Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who delivered eulogies at the funeral. Rwandan prime minister Édouard Ngirente also attended, on behalf of president Paul Kagame. Many Tanzanian attendees and politicians did not wear face masks at the service.

Burial
Magufuli was buried in his hometown of Chato on 26 March 2021.

Domestic
A secretary of Magufuli's Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party, Humphrey Polepole, paid homage to him in a tweet, saying that he "fought the good fight, finished the race, kept the faith". The leader of the Alliance for Change and Transparency party, Zitto Kabwe, described his death as a situation "that will move us all in very personal ways", and offered his "deepest condolences to Janet Magufuli and the whole family of John Pombe Magufuli". Former prime minister Frederick Sumaye also paid tribute.

Meanwhile, activist Fatma Karume criticised Magufuli's legacy on Twitter, writing that she was "grateful and proud that I kept my HUMANITY even when evil was the order of the day. Thank you to all who made these 5 years bearable."

International
Foreign leaders and luminaries expressed their condolences, including Ethiopian president Sahle-Work Zewde and prime minister Abiy Ahmed, Burundian president Évariste Ndayishimiye, former Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan, Queen Elizabeth II, UK prime minister Boris Johnson, Chinese president Xi Jinping and King Mohammed VI of Morocco, as did Ugandan opposition politician Bobi Wine and Venezuelan minister of foreign affairs Jorge Arreaza.

A statement from the United States Department of State said that the U.S. "remains committed to continuing to support Tanzanians as they advocate for respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and work to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. We hope that Tanzania can move forward on a democratic and prosperous path". The Chairperson of the African Union Commission, Moussa Faki, hailed Magufuli as "a champion of regional cooperation in the East African region and a committed Pan Africanist leader".

Outside of Tanzania, the following countries declared a period of national mourning in response to his death: