Demographics of Uganda

Demographic features of the population of Uganda include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and others.

Population
According to the total population was  in, compared to only 5,158,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 48.1 percent, 49.4 percent was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.5 percent was 65 years or older.

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 27.VIII.2014):

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Based on the results of the 2014 Population Census.):

United Nations population projections
Numbers are in thousands.

Refugee population
According to the UNHCR, Uganda hosts over 1.1 million refugees on its soil as of November 2018. Most come from neighbouring countries in the African Great Lakes region, particularly South Sudan (68.0 per cent) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (24.6%).

Vital statistics
Registration of births and deaths in Uganda is not yet complete. The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs prepared the following estimates.

Fertility and births
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)(Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):

Fertility data as of 2011 and 2016 (DHS Program):

South Asians and Arabs
During the Uganda Protectorate period, the British colonialists used South Asian immigrants as intermediaries. Following independence they constituted the largest non-indigenous ethnic group in Uganda, at around 80,000 people, and they dominated trade, industry, and the professions. This caused resentment among the native African majority, which was exploited by post-Independence leaders.

After Idi Amin came to power in 1971, he declared "economic war" on the Indians, culminating in the Expulsion of Asians in Uganda in 1972. Since Amin's overthrow in 1979 some Asians have returned. There are between 15,000 and 25,000 in Uganda today, nearly all in the capital Kampala.

Other demographic statistics
Demographic statistics of Uganda in 2022:
 * One birth every 19 seconds
 * One death every 2 minutes
 * One net migrant every 9 minutes
 * Net gain of one person every 23 seconds

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.



Population

 * 46,205,893 (2022 est.)
 * 44,279,563 (June 2018 estimate)

Religions

 * Protestant 45.1%
 * Anglican 32.0%
 * Pentecostal/Born Again/Evangelical 11.1%
 * Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%
 * Baptist .3%
 * Roman Catholic 39.3%
 * Muslim 13.7%
 * other 1.6%
 * none 0.2% (2014 est.)

Uganda is a religiously diverse nation with Christianity being the most widely professed religion. According to the 2014 census, over 84 percent of the population was Christian while about 14 percent of the population adhered to Islam, making it the largest minority religion. In 2009, the northern and west Nile regions were dominated by Roman Catholics, and Iganga District in the east of Uganda had the highest percentage of Muslims.

Age structure

 * 0-14 years: 48.21% (male 10,548,913/female 10,304,876)
 * 15-24 years: 20.25% (male 4,236,231/female 4,021,698)
 * 25-54 years: 26.24% (male 6,202,570/female 6,147,304)
 * 55-64 years: 2.91% (male 579,110/female 681,052)
 * 65 years and over: 2.38% (male 442,159/female 589,053) (2020 est.)

Birth rate

 * 40.94 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 5th
 * 42.9 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Death rate

 * 5.02 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 195th
 * 10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Total fertility rate

 * 5.26 children born/woman (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 7th
 * 5.36 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 7th

Population growth rate

 * 3.27% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 8
 * 3.2% (2017 est.)

Median age

 * total: 15.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 226th
 * male: 14.9 years
 * female: 16.5 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

 * -3.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 186th
 * -0.7 migrants/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

 * 19.4 years (2016 est.)
 * note: median age at first birth among women 20-49

Contraceptive prevalence rate

 * 41.8% (2018)

Urbanization

 * urban population: 26.2% of total population (2022)
 * rate of urbanization: 5.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)


 * urban population: 23.8% of total population (2018)
 * rate of urbanization: 5.7% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Sex ratio

 * at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
 * under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
 * 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
 * 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
 * total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2009 estimate)

Life expectancy at birth

 * total population: 68.96 years. Country comparison to the world: 180th
 * male: 66.71 years
 * female: 71.27 years (2022 est.)


 * total population: 63.3 years
 * male: 62.2 years
 * female: 64.2 years (2014 population census Ubos)

Major infectious diseases

 * degree of risk: very high (2020)
 * food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
 * vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and Trypanosomiasis-Gambiense (African sleeping sickness)
 * water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
 * animal contact diseases: rabies

note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Uganda is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine

Education expenditures

 * 3% of GDP (2020) Country comparison to the world: 152nd

Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
 * total population: 76.5%
 * male: 82.7%
 * female: 70.8% (2018)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

 * total: 10 years
 * male: 10 years
 * female: 10 years (2011)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

 * total: 15.6%
 * male: 13.8%
 * female: 17.6% (2017 est.)

Nationality

 * noun: Ugandan
 * adjective: Ugandan

Ethnic groups

 * Baganda 16.5%
 * Banyankole 9.8%
 * Basoga 8.8%
 * Bakiga 7.1%
 * Iteso 7%
 * Langi 6.3%
 * Bagisu 4.9%
 * Acholi 4.4%
 * Lugbara 3.3%
 * Other 32.1%
 * Multi-racial (unknown percentage, recognized in 2016 in Uganda as a multi-racial ethnic group) Multiracial Ugandans in Uganda

Languages
English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Swahili (recently made second official language, important regionally but spoken by very few people in Uganda), Luganda (most widely used of the Niger–Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Bantu languages, Nilo-Saharan languages and Arabic.