Diplôme d'Études Supérieur Appliqué

The Diplôme d'Études Supérieur Appliqué (DESA), in which the final word is also variously Approfondies or Avancée, is an advanced educational degree that was awarded in France and other Francophone countries. It was an intermediate degree between the Licence awarded after university study, and the advanced degree of Doctorat.