Dobrynya Nikitich (icebreaker)

Dobrynya Nikitich (Добрыня Никитич) was a Soviet and later Russian Navy icebreaker in service from 1960 until 1998. It had two sister ships, Purga (1961–2012) and Vyuga (1962–1991).

Description
In the mid-1950s, the Soviet Union began developing a new diesel-electric icebreaker design based on the 1942-built steam-powered icebreaker Eisbär to meet the needs of both civilian and naval operators. Built in various configurations until the early 1980s, the Project 97 icebreakers and their derivatives became the largest and longest-running class of icebreakers and icebreaking vessels built in the world. Three of the 32 ships built in total were of the original Project 97 variant.

Project 97 icebreakers were 67.7 m long overall and had a beam of 18 m. Fully laden, the vessels drew 5.35 m of water and had a displacement of 2935 t. Their three 1800 hp 10-cylinder 13D100 two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engines were coupled to generators that powered electric propulsion motors driving two propellers in the stern and a third one in the bow. Project 97 icebreakers were capable of breaking 70 to 75 cm thick snow-covered ice at very slow but continuous speed.

Project 97 icebreakers were initially armed with one twin 57MM AK-257 and one twin 25mm 2M-3M naval guns, but later disarmed.

History
The first Project 97 icebreaker was laid down at Admiralty Shipyard in Leningrad on 20 December 1959, launched on 10 May 1960, and delivered on 31 December 1960. The ship was named Dobrynya Nikitich after the legendary hero of Russian folklore and joined the 18th brigade of support vessels in the Soviet Navy Red Banner Northern Fleet.

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Dobrynya Nikitich was passed over to the Russian Navy on 26 July 1992.

Dobrynya Nikitich was decommissioned in 1998 and broken up afterwards.