Draft:Elena Petrovna Ostrovskaya

Elena Petrovna Ostrovskaya ( February 12, 1948, Liepaja, Latvian SSR, USSR ) is a Soviet and Russian orientalist, Buddhist scholar, Sanskritologist, UNESCO Professor, Doctor of Philosophy (1992), and translator of Buddhist and Brahmanic texts.

She is the specialist in the history of philosophy, religions and cultures of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, head of the South Asia sector and chief researcher at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Biography
Ostrovskaya graduated with honors from the Faculty of Philosophy of Leningrad State University in 1976.

In 1976–1979, she studied at the graduate school of Leningrad State University, where she specialized in the history of philosophy and religions of India, and also received in-depth training in Sanskritology.

On December 27, 1979, she defended her dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philosophical Sciences on the topic "A critical analysis of the social and philosophical views of J. Krishnamurti."

In 1980 she became a research fellow at the Leningrad Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

On October 9, 1992, she defended her dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy on the topic " Epistemology of the late syncretic Nyaya-Vaishesika (historical-philosophical and logical-theoretical research)".

Since 1992, she has participated in the planned research project "The Formation of the Buddhist Tradition in the Countries of the Asia-Pacific Basin" - as a member of the Buddhological Group of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (headed by V. I. Rudoy ). In addition, she was a participant in the following proactive research projects led by Rudoy: "Categories of Buddhist culture" (1994–1997), "The doctrine of affects in Indian classical philosophy" (1998–2000). She acted as the leader of the initiative research project "Space and Karma: Buddhist cosmology in the philosophy of post-canonical Abhidharma" (1997). Since 1993, he has been a leading researcher at the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The list of Ostrovskaya's main publications (compiled in 2007) consists of 61 titles, 18 of which are monographs. Thanks to Ostrovskaya and Rudom, two pre-revolutionary manuals for the study of Sanskrit were republished, published under the cover of a modern textbook for higher school "Sanskrit". Ostrovskaya also wrote 11 articles in the Schoolchild's Philosophical Dictionary. He is a participant in a number of international and Russian conferences on problems of the history of philosophy, religion and cultures of the East; published in India and Japan.

Scientific activity
In recent decades, thanks to the contribution of scientists from Moscow and St. Petersburg (Leningrad) academic schools (the latter is represented by the names of V. I. Rudogo, E. P. Ostrovskaya, T. V. Ermakova, etc.), the field of Buddhist studies in our country is experiencing a new period of prosperity.

In the 80s of the 20th century, the main research project of 1917–1930, which at that time was led by academician F.I. Shcherbatsky, was revived in the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences - the translation and study of "Abhidharmakoshi" ("Encyclopedia of Buddhist canonical philosophy") by Vasubandhu ( IV-V centuries). Abhidharma is the third, philosophical, section of the Buddhist canon Tripitaka. Vasubandhu's treatise is written on the basis of this section and consists of eight chapters. The Sanskrit original of the Tripitaka canon has not survived, but the original text of Vasubandhu's treatise in Sanskrit was found in 1935.

Under the leadership of Rudoy, she worked on this text as a translator and philosophical researcher. As Elena Petrovna notes in her interview given for the magazine "Hora":

"Valery Isaevich Rudoy was the first researcher in the world who decided to work with the Sanskrit original "Abhidharmakoshi". And then he taught me and connected me to this project."

Translation and research work resulted in the publication of annotated translations of six chapters of Vasubandhu's treatise. The publication of the last two chapters is being prepared, fragments of which can be found in the form of journal publications.

Working in line with the ideas of academician F. I. Shcherbatsky on the study of Indian classical religious and philosophical systems, Ostrovskaya, together with Rudy, enriched philosophical comparative studies with new methods. In particular, they developed "... the principles of polymorphism, self-interpretation of traditions and taking into account their specific characteristics (for example, the connection of Indian philosophy with religious doctrine and the practice of yoga ), hermeneutic analysis, distinction between the original basic Hindu Buddhist tradition and derivative forms of Buddhism ( Chinese, Tibetan Buddhism; problem of reception of Buddhism in the countries of the Far East and South Asia )".

As noted in the introduction to the collection "Buddhist View of the World," the methodology and specific procedures for reconstructing the polymorphic structure of Buddhism on the basis of original philosophical texts were tested in the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences as part of the work of the Buddhological Group.

Books

 * Ostrovskaya E. P., Rudoy V. I. Space and karma. Introduction to Buddhist culture. - SPbKO Publishing House, 2009. - 548 p. — ISBN 978-5-903983-06-3
 * Ostrovskaya E. P., Rudoy V. I. Classical Buddhist practices. Entering Nirvana . - St. Petersburg. : ABC-Classics, St. Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2006. - 320 p.
 * Ermakova T.V., Ostrovskaya E.P. Classical Buddhism. - St. Petersburg. : ABC-classics; Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2004. - 256 p. — ISBN 978-5-352-00735-8
 * Translation from Sanskrit by V. Rudoy, E. Ostrovskaya. Yoga Patanjali. - St. Petersburg. : ABC-Classics, 2002. - 576 p. — ISBN 978-5-352-00121-9
 * Vasubandhu. Encyclopedia of Abhidharma, or Abhidharmakosha. Section III. Loka-nirdesha, or the Doctrine of Peace. Section IV. Karma-nirdesha, or the Doctrine of Karma / Edition prepared by V.I. Rudoy, E.P. Ostrovskaya. - M., 2002. - 650 p.
 * Categories of Buddhist culture / Editor-compiler E.P. Ostrovskaya - St. Petersburg. : Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2000. - 320 p. — ISBN 978-5-85803-153-6
 * Vasubandhu. The doctrine of karma / Preface, translation from Sanskrit and comments by E. P. Ostrovskaya and V. I. Rudog. - St. Petersburg. : Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2000. - 368 p. — ISBN 978-5-85803-164-2
 * Rudoy V.I., Ostrovskaya E.P., Ermakova T.V. Classical Buddhist philosophy. - St. Petersburg. : Lan, 1999. - 544 p. — ISBN 978-5-8114-0106-2
 * V. I. Rudoy, E. P. Ostrovskaya, A. B. Ostrovsky, T. V. Ermakova, E. A. Ostrovskaya, P. D. Lenkov. Introduction to Buddhism / Editor-compiler V.I. Rudoy. - St. Petersburg. : Lan, 1999. - 384 p. — ISBN 978-5-8114-0103-1
 * Ostrovskaya E. P., Rudoy V. I., Sandulov Yu. A. Sanskrit. Textbook for higher school . - St. Petersburg. : Lan, 1999. - 480 p. — ISBN 978-5-8114-0105-5
 * Vasubandhu. Encyclopedia of Abhidharma, or Abhidharmakosha. Section I. Dhatunirdesa, or the doctrine of the classes of elements. Section II. Indriyanirdesha, or the doctrine of the factors of dominance in the psyche / Translation from Sanskrit, introduction, commentary and reconstruction of the system of E. P. Ostrovskaya and V. I. Rudogo. - M., 1998.
 * Rudoy V.I., Ostrovskaya E.P. Fundamentals of the Buddhist worldview: India, China: textbook. manual for humanists. universities - M .: Nauka, 1994. - 239 p.
 * M. E. Ermakov, T. V. Ermakova, M. E. Kravtsova, E. P. Ostrovskaya, A. B. Ostrovsky, V. I. Rudoy, E. A. Torchinov. Buddhist view of the world / Editors-compilers V. I. Rudoy, E. P. Ostrovskaya.. - St. Petersburg. : Andreev and sons, 1994. - 462 p. — ISBN 978-5-87452-056-4
 * Vasubandhu. Buddhist cosmology / Translation from Sanskrit, introduction, commentary, cultural study by E.P. Ostrovskoy, V.I. Rudogo. - St. Petersburg. : Andreev and sons, 1994.
 * Classical yoga ("Yoga Sutras" of Patanjali and "Vyasa-bhashya") / Translation from Sanskrit, introduction, commentary and reconstruction of the system by E. P. Ostrovskaya, V. I. Rudogo. - M .: GRVL "Nauka", 1992. - 261 p. — ISBN 978-5-02-017601-0
 * Ostrovskaya E. P. Epistemology of syncretic Nyaya-Vaisheshika (Historical-philosophical and logical-theoretical research). Abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy // Abstract of the dissertation. - St. Petersburg., 1992.
 * Annambhatta. Tarka-sangraha (Code of Speculations). Tarka-dipika (Explanation of the Code of Speculation) / Trans. from Sanskrit, introduction, commentary and historical and philosophical research by E. P. Ostrovskaya. - M .: Nauka, 1989. - 238 p. — ISBN 978-5-02-016548-9
 * Ostrovskaya E. P. Critical analysis of the social and philosophical views of Jiddu Krishnamurti / Abstract of the dissertation for the degree of candidate of philosophical sciences in specialty 09.00.03 // History of Philosophy. - Leningrad, 1979.

Articles

 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Vasubandhu. "Abhidharmakosha" ("Encyclopedia of Abhidharma"), fragment of the section "Jnana-nirdesha" ("Teaching of Knowledge") / Preface, translation from Sanskrit and notes by E.P. Ostrovskaya // Written monuments of the East, vol. 15, no. 1 (issue 32), p. 5-16.. - 2018. - T. 15, No. 32. - P. 5–16.
 * Ermakova T.V., Ostrovskaya E.P. The contribution of Soviet scientists M.I. Tubyansky and A.D. Simukov to the study of nomadic cattle breeding among the Mongols // Petersburg Oriental Studies. - St. Petersburg., 2018. - pp. 15–20.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Buddhist manuscripts as part of the Indian Fund of the Institute of Oriental History of the Russian Academy of Sciences: history of collecting and research prospects // Countries and Peoples of the East. Vol. XXXV: collections, texts and their "biographies" // Science - Eastern Literature. - M., 2014. - P. 247–274.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Buddhist handwritten historical and documentary heritage of northern and northwestern India as part of the Indian Fund of the Institute of Oriental History of the Russian Academy of Sciences // Rosenberg collection: oriental studies and materials // A. Golod Publishing House. - St. Petersburg., 2014. - pp. 509–520.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. On the meaning of the term bhagavan as part of the religious title Buddha Bhagavan // Written monuments of the East. - 2014. - pp. 160–167.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. On the subject of Buddhist philosophy // Written monuments of the East. — 2012. — No. 1(16). - pp. 97–96.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Leningrad Buddhology in the early 1930s // Written monuments of the East. — 2010. — No. 2(13). — P. 231–246.
 * Vasubandhu. "Abhidharmakosha". Eighth section. "The Teaching of Samadhi" / Translation from Sanskrit, commentary and introductory article by E.P. Ostrovskaya and V.I. Rudogo // Written monuments of the East. - 2008. - No. 2(9). - P. 5-33.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P., Rudoy V.I. Research of Vasubandhu's "Abhidharmakoshi" in St. Petersburg // Russia-India: prospects for regional cooperation. - St. Petersburg, M., 2000.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. The normative concept of royal power, myth and origin of classes (varnas) and social anomie in Vasubandhu's "Buddhist Cosmology" // Buddhism. Problems of history, culture, modernity. - M., 1990. - T. 1. - P. 120–139.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. On the place and role of rational knowledge in the system of the late syncretic Nyaya-Vaisheshika // Rational tradition and modernity. India. - M., 1998.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Buddhist philosophical treatise as an object of intercultural interaction // Interaction and mutual influence of civilizations and cultures in the East. III All-Union Conference of Orientalists. // Abstracts of reports and messages (Dushanbe, May 16–18, 1988). - M., 1988.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. On the interpretation of the terms samanya and visesa in Annambhatta's Tarka-sangraha // Literature and culture of ancient and medieval India. - M., 1987.
 * Rudoy V.I., Ostrovskaya E.P. On the specifics of the historical and philosophical approach to the study of Indian classical religious and philosophical systems // Methodological problems of studying the history of philosophy of the foreign East // "Science" GRVL. - M., 1987.
 * Ostrovskaya E.P. Stages of different historical types of thinking in the "Encyclopedia of Abhidharma" by Vasubandhu // Abstracts of the All-Union Buddhist Conference. - M., 1987.

Articles in foreign languages

 * Ostrovskaya EP, Rudoy VI The Lotus Sutra and Buddhist Philosophy in Russia on the Eve of the Third Millenium: [ eng. ] // The Journal of Oriental Studies. - Tokyo, 1998. - T. 37, No. 1.
 * Ostrovskaya EP Syneretic Nyaya-Vaisesika in Annam Bhatta's Tarkasangraha and Tarkadipika: [ eng. ] // History of Indian Philosophy. A Russian Viewpoint. New Delhi. "Indian Council of Philosophical Research." — 1993.

Recognition

 * Prize of the Government of St. Petersburg for outstanding scientific results in the field of science and technology in 2023. Nomination of philological sciences - S. F. Oldenburg Prize (Decree of the Government of St. Petersburg dated May 23, 2023 No. 483). "For outstanding results in the field of research of Sanskrit religious and philosophical texts and the development of new methods for studying the written heritage of Buddhism."