Draft:Ishoqxon Ibrat

Is’hoqxon Ibrat (real name Is’hoqxon Tura Junaydullo-Hoja ogly) (Uzbek. Is'hoqxon Ibrat / Исҳоқхон Тўра Жўнайдулло-хўжа ўғли, Is'hoqxon To`ra Ibrat; born April 1862, Toʻraqoʻrgʻon kishlak, near Namangan, Kokand; died: April 1937, Andijan, Uzbek SSR, USSR) was a Central Asian, Uzbek and Soviet traveller, writer, polyglot translator, historian and jadidist, scientist who opened one of the first printing presses in Uzbekistan.

Biography
Is’hoqxon Ibrat was born in 1862 in the village of Toʻraqoʻrgʻon, near Namangan, in the Kokand Khanate. He received his primary education in a local madrasa and from his mother. Later, having moved to Kokand, he entered a large madrasa. In 1886 having finished his studies in Kokand madrasa he returned to his native village. Having arrived in his kishlak, Ibrat began to carry out educational activities among the population. At the end of that year he opened a school, which differed significantly in the system of education from other schools. Later the school became popular and other local schools adopted the system of education of the newly formed school of Is’hoqxon Ibrat.

In 1887 Is’hoqxon Ibrat travelled to Mecca to perform the Hajj. After performing the Hajj, leaving Mecca, he lived in Jeddah for some time and then began his journey to the countries and cities of Europe and Asia. On his journey he first visited Jerusalem and Damascus. After reaching Istanbul, Is’hoqxon Ibrat begins his journey in Europe. He first stops by Sofia and from there he travelled to Athens and Rome. While returning from Europe via Istanbul, he visits Baghdad, Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz and Karachi. After travelling through Iran and Afghanistan, Is’hoqxon Ibrat visits India and lives for some time in Bombay and Calcutta. From India, he travelled to Kashgar. During his travels, Ibrat learns Greek, English, Turkish, Arabic, Persian, Hindi and Urdu to perfection. He later learns Russian as well.

In 1896, after a long journey of nine years, Is’hoqxon Ibrat returned to his native village. In 1901, he completed his work entitled "Lugʻati sitta as-sina" (Eng: Dictionary in six languages [ Arabic-Persian-Hindi-Sartian (Uzbek)-Turkish-Russian]) and published it. It was this dictionary-book that was used in all Jadidist schools to learn Russian, Arabic, Persian and other languages.

In 1912 Ibrat completed his work on the history of written languages entitled "Jomeʼ ul-xutut" and published a revised book entitled "Matbaayi Is’hoqiya". In his actions and writings, Ibrat wanted to see his people educated and enlightened. In the next twenty years of his life, he writes 14 scientific, historical, and linguistic books. Among them, especially famous books are such books as: "Tarixi Fargʻona" ("History of Fergana"), "Tarixi madaniyat" ("History of Culture"), "Mezon uz-zamon" (Periods in Details), "Zabonhoiy Sharq" ("Languages of the East") and others. During this time, he also brings together in one collection entitled "Devoni Ibrat" all his poems accumulated over 30 years of poetic life.

After the conquest of the Khanate of Kokand and then the whole of Central Asia by the Russian Empire, Isʼhoqxon Ibrat favoured the technical integration of Turkestan, which the Russians had brought after the conquest of Central Asia. He was also an ardent supporter of the new method schools and favoured increasing their number.

In the late 1920s and early 1930s he served in some government positions. In 1935, Isʼhoqxon Ibrat was removed from all positions and he was banned from teaching in schools. Later in 1937, he is arrested for anti-Sovietism and imprisoned. In April of the same year, he dies in the prison, which was located in Andijan, he was 75 years old at the time. Isʼhoqxon Ibrat's burial place is still unknown.