Draft:Periacetabular osteotomy

Periacetabular osteotomy is an orthopedic surgical procedure performed on individuals with deformities in their hip joints. Such deformities are most often due to hip dysplasia, Legg-Calve Perthes disease, femeroacetabular impingement, or slipped capital femoral epiphysis. As it is less invasive and typically easier to recover from than a total hip replacement, PAO is typically performed on younger patients (on average under 40) who do not have significant cartilage damage or labral tears.

Procedure
When a periacetabular osteotomy is performed, patients are placed under anesthesia, as the surgery typically lasts between 6 and 9 hours. An incision is made, roughly 6 to 8 inches long, along the side of the hip. Then, the surgeon uses x-ray (fluoroscopy) guidance to cut through the pubic bone, the Ilium, and the Ischium. After these cuts are made, the acetabulum is reoriented to a healthy angle and fixed in place using screws and, if needed, bone grafts. Finally, the incision is stitched closed, and the patient is sent to recovery.