Draft:Shanghai Metro DC01

The 01A01 and the 01A02 train (formerly DC01) are current rolling stocks used on the Line 1 of Shanghai Metro. They are built by Adtranz and Simens Mobility, with first delivery in 1992. These cars are numbered 92011–92241, 93011-93481 and 94011-94241 (trainset 101-116).

Before the delivery of AC02 and AC03, DC01 trains were also assigned to service of Line 2 and Line 3.

Features
DC01 trains have livery in red and white. 01A01s' door indicators are LEDs instead of halogen lamps. The five-color indicators and grid lampshades are retained after expansion. All carriages have installed red LED scrolling displays to show the next station.

01A02's carriage lampshades are white plastic boards instead of grids. The original destination blinds are changed into LED displays. All pneumatic doors converted into electric doors. Five-color indicators are removed and all carriages have installed yellow LED scrolling displays to show the next station.

In the summer of 2006, after poor cooling affected 16 DC01 trains, high temperatures inside the carriages had long been a problem, 96 ice cubes have been put into a one-meter-high container to alleviate the high temperature of the 96 carriages. In order to make up for the defects in the refrigeration power and design of carriage, emergency measures must be taken whenever the temperature reaches 33 °C (91 °F) or more. With the transformation between 2006 and 2008 from 6 cars to 8 cars, the air conditioners were improved and modernized, making ice containers a thing of the past.

Formation
DC01 has three types of carriages: Tc (Trailer car with driving cab), Mp (car with motors and pantograph) and M (car with motors only). All trains are formed as 8 carriages: Tc-Mp-M-Mp+M-Mp-M-Tc.

Original sets
The initial contract included 96 carriages (16 trainsets), as the expected ridership of Line 1 in 1990s and 2000s only required 6-cars trainsets.This requirement also applied to two subsequent contracts, AC01 and AC04. Trains were formed as Tc-Mp-M+Mp-M-Tc.

Expansion
By 2008, ridership on Line 1 had increased significantly. In order to increase the capacity, Shentong Metro arranged to expand DC01 trains. 10 trains (101, 103-110 and 114) each expanded 2 additional cars.They are from another 5 trains (111-113 and 115-116). During the expansion, all carriages' traction systems were changed from GTO chopper to IGBT VVVF. Motors have also changed from DC to AC. Afterwards, these trains renamed DC01B.

Trainset 102 was taken out of service due to the 2004 Tonghe Xincun crash. After replacing car 92113 and changing of the traction systems and motors, trainset 102 renamed separately as DC01A and backed to service in September 2007. It also needed to be expanded. Unlike DC01B, the expansion program for 102 is to order a batch of 2 new carriages (14652 and 14663).

Between 2008 to 2009, a contract for DC01 from Shentong Metro includes a third batch of 30 carriages to expand the remaining trains, 111-113 and 115-116. During the expansion, 10 original carriages (93371, 93421, 93431, 93481, 94011, 94061, 94131, 94181, 94191 and 94241) underwent extensive renovation. After that, trains renamed DC01C.

Post-expansion
In 2014, all three types of DC01 trains renamed again. DC01A and DC01B renamed 01A01, DC01C renamed 01A02.

Incidents
Car 92113 wrecked on March 24, 2004 at the Tonghe Xincun station. 92113 was hit by car 99251. In 2007, it was stripped for removing parts, mothballed and replaced by the new carriage built by CSR Zhuzhou Locomotive.

Withdrawal
After the second general overhaul for 01A01 trains, numerous structural failures and cracks found in these carriages in 2016. 80 carriages needed to be re-paired to repair and maintain service. At last, 8 cars (93131, 93162, 93293-93333, 93402 and 93413) were too faulty and used as spare parts sources.

Since the delivery of the 01A07 trains, demand for the 01A01s drastically lowered. By middle 2020, 01A01 trains were no longer formally assigned for revenue service, becoming a reserve fleet. 16 cars (92011-92033, 92102, 93121, 93233, 93262, 93273, 93311, 93442, 93453, 94102-94121, 14652 and 14663) were taken out of service same year. 24 cars removed from service by 2023: 92131-92241, 93071-93113, 93382, 93393, 94022, 94033, 94202 and 94213.

The newer 92113, 93191-93222, 93361, 94142 and 94153 are the first cars to be retired in July 2023. Newer 92113 was withdrawn from service due to a very poor condition. 93191's odometer shows 3,000,456 km, reached the end of its life. Therefore, Shentong Metro decommissioned 93191. It was donated to Shanghai University of Engineering Science in October 2023. 92113, 93202-93222, 93361, 94142 and 94153 are also written off and stored in Fujin Road Yard.

The rest cars (92043-92093, 92121, 93011-93061, 93142, 93153, 93173, 93181, 93251, 93282, 93342, 93353, 93462, 93473, 94042, 94053, 94071-94093, 94162, 94173, 94222 and 94233) of 01A01s were withdrew from service on June 5, 2024.

Refurbishment
By 2021, 01A02s were also reassigned as a reserve fleet, as their original carriages were aging and considered unreliable. These trains tend to be late, doors and announcement systems often malfunction. They have to be taken out of service intermittently for maintenance.

Several proposed schemes for the disposal of 01A02s were put forward in 2023 :


 * Rebuild and convert into track inspection trains.
 * Decommission and scrap all carriages. Only keep one original carriage and preserve in Shanghai Metro Museum.
 * Order 10 new carriages to replace 10 original ones.
 * Refurbish all original carriages and make expansion carriages in service for at least 29 to 30 years.

Finally, Shentong Metro chose to refurbish all 01A02s for economic considerations. Renovation includes structural repairs, extend their lifespans for an additional 14 years. Work is expected to be completed by November 2025. Trains will be removed and transported to CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive for renovation and rebuild.

Preservation and other uses

 * 93191 – donated to Shanghai University of Engineering Science.