Draft:Shared Alliantic

Shared Alliantic, SA for short, is a constructed language created by MyNames_55 as a hobby, designed with simplicity and precision in mind. Its development began in October 2023 and is currently ~90% complete.

SA draws some inspiration from various languages, including Finnish, Japanese, and Turkish, as well as language families like Slavic, Germanic, and Romance. A significant emphasis is placed on affixes, which define aspects like time, gender, case, part of speech and opinion.

Etymology
The name Shared Alliantic is a translation from Կ𐓟ʌ‘ჲиı [tɬalʲ'janʲi], which can also mean Common Alliantic language. This name reflects the grammar and lexicon being shared with different languages.


 * The prefix Կ indicates that the language combines features from various languages.
 * The base 𐓟ʌ‘ჲи means alliance and is derived from some Slavic languages.
 * The suffix ı denotes an adjective, but the entire word is treated as a noun because it is short for Կ𐓟ʌ‘ჲиıмove /tɬalʲjanʲimɔvɛ/, where мove stands for language.

Phonology
Shared Alliantic features 20 consonants (/m, n, p, b, t, d, k, g, s, z, ʂ, ʐ, f, v, θ, h, ɦ, j, r, ɭ/), 5 affricates (/ts, dz, ɖʐ, tɕ, tɬ/), and 6 vowels (/i, u, ɪ, ɛ, ɔ, a/). Phonological features include diphthongs (mostly ◌̅), vowel hiatus, contrasting vowel length (with :◌), and consonant clusters. SA does not feature tones or vowel harmony. There are no strict stressing rules for individual words, but usually the word root is stressed.

Phonotactics
Some letters can be replaced to simplify pronunciation. Doing so does not count as an error if the word doesn't change in meaning. It is not enforced and the list below is not definitive. They are always written the same way to make understanding context easier, except the letters ი and ı, they're swappable.

Writing system
Shared Alliantic has a left-to-right alphabetic writing system with separate vowels and consonants. It contains 12 vowels, 25 consonants and 18 punctuation marks. All the characters are Unicode-compatible, but most fonts may not be suitable for displaying them.

The characters come from different scripts like Greek, Cyrrilic, Latin, Armenian, Shavian, Runic, Kanji, Malayam, Deseret and IPA. Most of them were chosen because of simplicity.

Orthographic symbols
All punctuation marks outside of the table are the same as in English.


 * (Mere) either marks voicelessness or allows aspiration. For example, Ҁ:и𐓟 is ['jiːna], but Ҁ:и𐓟̄ is ['jiːnḁʰ]. It also sometimes changes the pronunciation: P is /r/, but P̅ is /ɹ/;
 * (Dere) marks palatalisation. For example, T𐓟тı is /tatʲi/, but T 𐓟тı is /tʲatʲi/.
 * (P:ore) marks gemination: for example M𐓟иo is /manɔ/, but :M:𐓟иo is ['mːaːnɔ].
 * (Por'e) marks a (glottal) stop.
 * (Por`je) reverses the sound. For example, Ҁ is /jɔ/, but ᑊҀ is /ɔj/. (Successor to Ь)
 * (P^e) marks the end of the sentence.･
 * (Pe) is the equivalent of a comma.
 * (Re!) functions like, but is always placed in the beginning of the sentence.
 * (Re?) functions like, but is always placed in the beginning of the sentence.
 * (Re...) functions like, but is always placed in the beginning of the sentence.
 * (Kjelje) is the equivalent of a colon.
 * (Kjalje) is the equivalent of a semicolon or a slash.
 * (Byres) Is used to mark arrays or lists. Sometimes also homogeneous clauses.
 * (Nyres) function like regular brackets in English.
 * (Myres) function like quotation marks in English.
 * (Por"e) marks the stress of the word. It's rarely used in cases other than education.
 * (Re.) is placed in the beginning of the sentence to denote sarcasm / skepticism.
 * (Re..?) is placed in the beginning of the sentence to denote doubt.
 * Is mostly used for loanwords or for learning. It denotes stress.

Alphabet
The Shared Alliantic alphabet consists of three sections, arranged in a specific order for convenience.

Some glyphs have two possible pronunciations, which can be used interchangeably.

The only exception to this rule are the letters Jalar, Jolor, Julur, Jeler, and Jilir. If there is an apostrophe before these letters, they are pronounced the first way. Without an apostrophe, they are pronounced the second way, softening the preceding consonant. Sometimes Ꞷ ꞷ is displayed incorrectly, Ꙍ ω can be used for reference. Both uppercase and lowercase Shash are supposed to look like lowercase greek omega.

Romanisation
The standarlised romanisation of the SA alphabet is shown in the table:

Grammar
Shared Alliantic is an agglutinating, split-ergative language that uses the subject-verb-object word order with head-final phrases. It has declension, conjugation and modality, but no participles, supines or gerunds.

Modifiers can be placed before other modifiers to modify them. If the modifiers are all supposed to directly modify the noun/verb, they may be written in brackets.

All sentences in SA have the SVO word order, regardless of the sentence.

Shared Alliantic is an agglutinating, split-ergative language that follows a subject-verb-object (SVO) word order with head-final phrases. declension, conjugation and modality, but no participles, supines or gerunds.

Modifiers can be placed before other modifiers to alter their meaning. Multiple modifiers can be enclosed in brackets for easier reading.

Gender
The genders system of SA is similar to that of English, but is more strict. In Shared Alliantic, male and female genders are applied to animate beings with a definitive gender. The neuter gender is used for inanimate objects or beings without a specified gender. The ambiguous gender is applied when the gender is unclear, either intentionally or otherwise.

Pronouns
Shared Alliantic has eight pronouns, including singular and plural formal forms. The formal pronouns can be used for any other persons. The pronoun system is similar to English, and all pronouns are always capitalized. In all pronouns, the ი changes according to gender, except for all instances of ı.

There are multiple versions of the second person singular and formal singular pronouns:


 * Pი is polite
 * Dი is for acquaintances
 * Tი is for friends
 * Py is rude
 * Ʋი is polite formal
 * Vი is regular formal
 * Pი is friendly formal

Both versions of the first person singular pronouns are interchangeable.

The subject pronoun can be conjugated with genitive and dative cases to form dependent possessive and reflexive forms.

Nouns
Most nouns in Shared Alliantic have a suffix immediately following the word root that indicates gender: -ი, -o, -𐓟, or -e. All nouns in SA are capitalized, whether they are proper or common nouns. Plural forms of nouns always have a -c suffix after the gender suffix.

Proper nouns are transliterated into SA from their native language and are often marked with 『◌』. These transliterations then function as root words or whole nouns and can be conjugated within the 『◌』.

All common nouns have the -ი, -o, -𐓟, or -e suffixes, while proper nouns sometimes may not have a gender suffix.

Affixes
Affixes in Shared Alliantic serve various purposes, including marking tense, person, part of speech, case, opinion, and more.

Affixes are formed by adding a letter from the first column to the beginning or end of the word root. To ease pronunciation, an additional ი, ı, q or 𐑨 may be inserted between the affix and the root. Dashes in the table indicate if the letter is a prefix or suffix; if there is no dash, it can be both.

There are currently 71 affixes, with more planned to be added. They can sometimes be used as standalone words, retaining their meaning.

98% complete There is no strict order of affixes, so they can be repositioned to simplify pronunciation.

Cases
 

Shared Alliantic has seven distinct cases, with genitive and possessive being practically interchangeable. There can be as many cases in a sentence as there are nouns. Cases can be applied to specific nouns to emphasize them, with the chosen case also highlighting particular ideas. Alternatively, they can be applied to verbs with a similar result.

There is no strict order for using cases, but the nominative case is used when no other case is applied. Case suffixes are typically derived from the last one or two letters of the corresponding question word, except for the nominative case, which has no suffix.

Case suffixes are added after all other suffixes.

Verbs
Most verbs in SA have the იи affix adjasent the word root, which then conjugates according to person. The 𐑨 can be put before each conjugation, which is -იи in infinitive. In all of them, the  changes according to gender.

Formal persons can also have either a separate ending or the ending of one of the three persons, depending on the context. Its own conjugation is usually used when the pronoun is omitted, and it uses the other endings when the pronoun is kept, albeit it's not necessary.

Tenses
Shared Alliantic has nine grammatical tenses. Tense affixes are always bedore the ⳡı prefix. stands for the verb. (to be) in perfect tense stands for  and.

Here are example sentences in different tenses using  or "I use":

Mood
 

Shared Alliantic has 8 moods. The table below shows how they're formed. stands for the verb.

Voice
 

Shared Alliantic has 3 voices: active, passive and middle voice. These examples would also work without the cases demonstrated, but these cases help with demonstrating the voices and put the stress where needed. Word order in these voices, however, stays as shown because of the SVO sentence structure.

Modifiers
Adjectives are formed by adding the adjective suffix to the root. On the example of  (fruit) with the root , the resulting adjective   will then mean   or. Comparative and superlative adjectives are constructed similarly. Prefixes  and   construct comparative and superlative of the adjective respectively.

Adverbs are formed in the same way as adjectives, therefore there is little to no difference between the two.

and are treated similarly. For example,  (man) with the root   gives the adjective   which means , as in. Yet,  is also an adverb meaning. Adverb comparison works nearly identically to adjectives. For example, in  (person), the adverb   (humanely) would have the comparisons   and , which stand for   and   respectively. Comparisons can also be used to represent the relation/opinion of the speaker to something.

Orthography
 

(◌

Minor rules

 * Parts of speech other than nouns are not capitalised unless they start the sentence.
 * Nouns and verbs can be connected with other parts lf speech but never interjections or nouns with verbs.
 * The subject pronoun may be omitted with the verb conjugated.
 * Question mark, exclamation mark and ellipsis are only pronounced in the first word of the sentence.
 * There are no strict stressing rules. However, if a syllable is has, it is then stressed. Otherwise, word root will most likely be stressed.

Numerals
Shared Alliantic has a numeral system different from Arabic or Roman. It is segmental, meaning the digits are connected together to represent bigger numbers. Each digit quad is written as a single numeral, separated with the  suffix at the beginning of the second digit quad onward, and   in-between two digit quads. The line in the middle of all numbers acts as a base where the digits are attached to.

When digits are written at the bottom of the line, they are flipped, and the digits on the right side are mirrored.

Numbers can be treated as word roots. The  suffix shows and amount or an ordinal number. The  suffix make a noun, as in   or  .Fe Numbers 1-9999 are formed similarly to the Cistercian numeral system, but are written and read left to right from smallest to biggest digit, similar to how dozens are pronounced in German.

The zero digit with its prefix may be ignored when writing or pronouncing. The  numeral is also sometimes used as an equivalent for   inside numerals, but it's always zero as a standalone number.

Examples
The table below shows some number examples.

Vocabulary
This section only features some common lexicon. The SA dictionary can be found via the link:  [TBA] 

Question words
Ki is what, other stuff is added to it as a suffix to make other question words like in cases above.

Colors
Most of the colors come from Romance and Turkic languages.

Clock
The illustration below shows a clock diagram in SA.

Family
The illustration below shows the (most closely related) family tree in SA.

Adposition
Adpositions in Shared Alliantic can be prepositions and postpositions. Both are most usually written as affixes, but some can also be written as separate words, thought it"s less common. The table below is a list of adpositions in SA. PS Don't forget the other adpositions that you removed on 23/05

Conjunction
Conjunctions in Shared Alliantic are common. They do not have specific affixes, and always have a comma before them, unless they start the sentence. The table below lists the most common SA conjunctions. fix table

Interjection
The table below lists the most common SA interjections.

Words from the alphabet
The table below features some verbs that have only a single letter as their root. This root can then be used to make nouns and modifiers on similar themes.

History
was a letter called Ajrej, it read as either reversed Jalar or reversed Jeler. It was later replaced by.

Text examples
Congress shall make no law allowing an establishment of religion; prohibiting the freedom of beliefs; restricting freedom of speech or of the press; the right of people to peacefully gather, and to request the government to address compains)."

ϟიկe λი𐑱იт Շıиᴕʌˡჲт (чıи ߖიт Mızიтz ꜔ ρıи И:ıт Mızიтz ꜔ xıи И:ıт Cიтz o Շρıтz ꜔ Pıт Շeρcი:z ҁ𐑨q𐓟ʋიc, ı ρe𐑳იи ϟიկeм yn 𐓒oм𐑗ᴕcıм)ㆍ

/tsɪtɬʲɛ dzɪʐɪt pʲinʲɛɭajt chʲin ʐɪt mʲizɪtz rʲin nʲ:it mʲizɪtz hʲin nʲ:it sɪtz ɔ prʲitz rʲit pɛrs:ɪz jɔjɦaθɪs i reʐɪn tsɪtɬʲɛm un kɔmpʲɛsʲim/

absolete adjective ending igy

once: nitjetl

nity / di - this

ty - that something

to - that masculice

ta - that feminime

te - that neutrum

Roadmap:
With the grammar part of SA9 now 96% completed, it would be reasonable to concentrate on making the page cleaner and legible.

(Begun 08/04/2024, paused 25/04/24, resumed 31/04/24, paused 19/05/24 because of the affix system rework)