Education Review Office (New Zealand)

The Education Review Office (ERO) (Māori: Te Tari Arotake Mātauranga) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with reviewing and publicly reporting on the quality of education and care of students in all New Zealand schools and early childhood services.

Leadership and structure
Led by a Chief Review Officer - the department's chief executive - the Office has approximately 150 designated review officers located in five regions. These regions are: Northern, Waikato/Bay of Plenty, Central, Southern, and Te Uepū ā-Motu (ERO's Māori review services unit).

The Education Review Office and the Ministry of Education are two separate public service departments. The functions and powers of the office are set out in Part 28 (sections 323–328) of the Education Act 1989.

In May 2023, the Independent Children's Monitor was transferred from the Ministry of Social Development, and reconstituted as a departmental agency of the Education Review Office. The Children's Monitor oversees the entire Oranga Tamariki (Ministry for Children) system.

Mandate and responsibilities
ERO reviews the education provided for school students in all state schools, private schools and kura kaupapa Māori. It also reviews the education and care provided for children in early childhood education services and kōhanga reo. Reviews are carried out every three years on average, but are more frequent where the performance of a school or service is below standard or there are risks to the education or safety of the students or children. The department also checks that schools are meeting necessary legal requirements. Occasionally, special reviews of individual schools are ordered outside of the normal review cycle, which focus on specific areas of concern with a school's management.

ERO reports to individual boards of trustees on what they are doing well and where they need to improve. In some cases of poor performance or major risks to students, the department may recommend to the Minister and Secretary of Education some form of intervention to the school's management. Reports on individual schools and early childhood services are freely available to the public via ERO's website.

These reviews may take place in Māori-medium, English-medium and Pacific-medium contexts, and additionally has the ability to undertake reviews of private and independent schools, homeschooling, schools and kura with international students, school hostels, and new and merging schools’ readiness to open.

The majority of reviews undertaken by the ERO are initiated by Chief Review Officer, however the Minister of Education does also have the ability to request reviews of specific aspects of the education sector under the ERO's remits. The ERO does not hold its own policy mandate, instead fulfilling more of a research and evaluation function but does support relevant policy development based on its operational insights.