Electoral districts of Lower Canada

The electoral districts of Lower Canada were territorial subdivisions of the Province of Lower Canada in British North America, serving as the basis of the representation of the population in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, the lower house of the Provincial Parliament of Lower Canada. This house was the first legislative assembly in the history of Quebec. The districts were used between 1792 and 1838, when the constitution of the province was suspended as a consequence of the Lower Canada Rebellion.

The Constitutional Act 1791 provided for the creation of a House of Assembly or Legislative Assembly, made up of at least fifty elected members. Lieutenant governor Alured Clarke divided the territory of the province into twenty-seven districts each returning one or two members to the Legislative Assembly. Twenty-three districts returned two members and four returned a single members. The rural districts were called "counties" (French: comtés), while the urban ones were called "cities" (cités) or "bouroughs" (bourgs). Sixteen out of twenty-seven bore typically English names, while the others bore French or Indigenous names.

In 1828, governor James Kempt, who was on good terms with the elected House of Assembly, favoured the redrawing of the electoral map. Five new districts were created, in total electing eight new memberss, in the newly settled Eastern Townships. These elected their first representatives to Parliament in 1829. The following year, the old districts were subdivided into smaller ones, which for the most part were given French names. A last district was created in 1832 and a second seat was added to existing ones, so that when the constitution was suspended in 1838, there were forty-six electoral districts in Lower Canada. They returned ninety members in total. Twenty-nine of these bore French names, eleven had Indigenous names, and six had English names.