Ethel Scull

Ethel Redner Scull (1921 – August 27, 2001) was an American art collector. Well known for her collection of pop and minimal art that she assembled with her husband, Robert Scull.

Early life
Ethel Redner was born into a wealthy family in the Bronx in 1921. She studied advertising art at the Parsons School of Design. Her father, Ben Redner, owned a taxicab company that she and her husband, Robert Scull, would later inherit and run together under the name "Scull's Angels". Born in the Bronx in 1921, Ethel Scull began her engagement with the New York art world as a student in the advertising art program at Parsons School of Design (she would later characterize her alma mater as "more of a finishing school". During the same period of time, she met Robert Scull—the man she would marry, and the partner alongside whom she would become a fixture in the Society pages of the New York media, and a significant patron of the arts.

Marriage
Ethel Redner married Robert Scull, and they had three sons, Jonathan, Stephen and Adam. Robert Scull inherited a share of Redner's father's taxi cab company following Mr. Redner's retirement. After accumulating wealth in the taxi industry the couple broke into the art scene by collecting abstract and contemporary art. With the revenue from their first auction in 1965, they established the Robert and Ethel Scull Foundation, the primary goal of which was to support young artists. The Sculls' filed for divorce in 1975. In 1986, Robert Scull died.

Commissions
Ethel Scull was the subject of Ethel Scull 36 Times, a 1963 painting by the American artist Andy Warhol, currently in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It was Warhol's first commissioned work. The work consists of a grid of four rows of nine columns depicting Scull in 36 different poses. The artwork is jointly owned by the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Another notable commission, Scull had George Segal create a portrait sculpture titled Portrait of Robert and Ethel Scull. The plaster sculpture features Scull wearing sunglasses sitting in a Victorian chair with Robert Scull standing behind her. This artwork is currently in the collection of Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art. Segal cast Scull in two separate casts the first being from her neck down. Scull's boots continue to be stuck inside the sculpture.

Death and legacy
In 2001, while living in a retirement home in Manhattan, New York, Scull suffered from a heart attack and stroke that resulted in her death. Scull has been immortalized as "the Mom of Pop Art." She and her husband were also the subject of significant criticism because of their accumulated wealth from trading in works of art by living artists who themselves saw no share of any realized profits. For example, the October 18, 1973 Sotheby's Parke Bernet auction where one of their art pieces, originally purchased from a still-living artist for $900, sold for $85,000. The Sculls saw themselves as fostering the careers of unknown artists; their critics accused them of profiteering and social climbing.