Fengnan, Tangshan

Fengnan District is a district of Tangshan, Hebei, China on the coast of the Bohai Sea and bordering Tianjin to the west. The district spans an area of 1305.19 km2, and has a population of approximately 530,000 as of 2012.

Toponymy
Fengnan District was first established as Fengnan County in 1946, when it was carved out of the southern portions of Fengrun County and Luanzhou County. Its name, which literally means "south of Feng", was derived from this.

History
During the time of the Shang dynasty, the area of present-day Fengnan District belonged to the state of Guzhu. During the time of the Zhou dynasty, the area was part of the state of Yan. In the Qin dynasty, the area was split between Youbeiping Commandery and Liaoxi Commandery. During the Han dynasty, it was administered by Tuyin County and Changcheng County. During the Sui dynasty the area belonged to Lulong County and Wuzhong County. During the Tang dynasty, the area belonged to Yutian County and Shicheng County. During the reign of Emperor Zhangzong of the Jin dynasty, the area was placed under the administration of Fengrun County and Shicheng County. It remained as such until the Ming dynasty, when it was reorganized under Fengrun County and Luanzhou County. Fengnan County was finally established as its own administrative division in 1946, when it was carved out of the southern portions of Fengrun County and Luanzhou County.

People's Republic of China
In July 1955, Fengnan County was abolished, and merged back into Fengrun County. Fengnan County was re-established in June 1961, and was put under the jurisdiction of Tangshan. Tangshan was upgraded from a prefecture to a prefecture-level city in 1983. On May 5, 1994, Fengnan was reorganized as a county-level city. On February 1, 2002, Fengnan was reorganized from a county-level city to a district.

Geography
Fengnan District is located within the prefecture-level city of Tangshan, in the eastern part of Hebei. It is bordered by Fengrun District, Lubei District, Lunan District, Kaiping District and Guye District to the north, the Bohai Sea to the south, Luannan County and Caofeidian District to the east, and the Hangu Administration Zone and Tianjin's Ninghe District to the west.

Fengnan District has a coastline of 23.5 km along the Bohai Sea. The district's terrain is largely flat, and generally higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest. The, the , and the Mei River run through the district. The Jintang Canal also runs through Fengnan District.

Administrative divisions
Fengnan District administers 1 subdistrict, 14 towns, and 1 township.

The district's sole subdistrict is.

The district's 14 towns are Xugezhuang (胥各庄镇), (小集镇),  (黄各庄镇),  (西葛镇),  (大新庄镇),  (钱营镇),  (唐坊镇),  (王兰庄镇), Liushuquan,  (黑沿子镇),  (大齐各庄镇), Chahe ,  (南孙庄镇), and.

The district's sole township is (尖字沽乡).

Demographics
As of 2012, Fengnan District has an estimated population of 530,000. Per the 2010 Chinese Census, the district had a population of 595,467, up from the 550,872 recorded in the 2000 Chinese Census. A 1996 estimate put the district's population at 513,000.

Economy
Fengnan District has significant natural deposits of coal and salt.

Transportation
The Beijing–Harbin railway runs through the district.

Major expressways that run through Fengnan District include the G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway, China National Highway 205, and the.