File:TumMMcoffinWP1.jpg

Summary
Excavation photograph, view of the buried king, Tumulus MM, Gordion, Turkey, 1957, copyright University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

Licensing
Description: Excavation photograph of the king on the remains of his coffin, Tumulus MM, Gordion, taken in 1957 by a photographer from the University of Pennsylvania Museum team. The open log coffin was initially thought to constitute a four-poster bed but has since been correctly identified. The remains of the coffin are now in storage in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara, Turkey.

Date of photograph: 1957

Source: Gordion Excavations, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, PA

Permission: Reproduced with permission of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (Photographic Archives, Reproduction Rights Form, Invoice RR2279, dated 9/2/10; image G2320)

Non-free fair use rationale: This image is used in the article, "Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts" by permission of the copyright holder; for others who wish to use this image, it is eligible for reproduction under the fair use clause of Wikipedia image guidelines. Although the fair use argument technically does not seem to be required in this instance, in order to comply with Wikipedia policy, the author provides the following assurances that use of the image here does in fact meet the non-free fair use rationale: It is being used here, as (1) there is no free-content image of this scene whatsoever in the public domain, and the image is essential in order to illustrate the article; (2) the original is scholarly/educational and does not have a "market role" per se, and therefore this usage does not affect that role; (3) the image is used here with other items, all of which are needed to convey the information contained in the article, the image is content based and not merely an "illustration" of the text, and no "portion" of the image will suffice; (4) this photograph has been published in a scholarly publication prior to the appearance of the present article but has not been widely available to the general public; (5) the content meets the general Wikipedia content standards and is encyclopedic; (6) the image meets the tenets of Wikipedia:Image use policy; (7) the image is here used in at least one article, "Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts"; (8) the presence of this image does significantly increase readers' understanding of the topic, and indeed no one would understand what the skeleton lying on the remains of his coffin in the Tumulus MM burial looked like when excavated in 1957 without this illustration; (9) restrictions on location are complied with; and (10) the image description page for this photograph does contain an identification of the source of the material and copyright holder, with copyright tags, the name of the article in which the image appears (see above), and the present rationale, with the 10 items complied with numbered as in the Wikipedia:Non-free content policy. The images used in the Wikipedia article "Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts" are not compiled anywhere else on the web, and the article presents the first comprehensive web publication of an important collection of rare and highly significant ancient objects, the furniture and wooden artifacts belonging to the Phrygian King Midas and his dynasty, which are not featured in any other web-based encyclopedic article. The author chooses to use Wikipedia for this web article, rather than a website specific to the project, believing in the importance of the Wikipedia endeavor and wishing to support it.