Flutemazepam

Flutemazepam was initially first synthesized in 1965, but was not further described until a team at Stabilimenti Chimici Farmaceutici Riuniti SpA in the mid-1970s. It is the fluorinated analogue of temazepam that has powerful hypnotic, sedative, amnesiac, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. As a result, flutemazepam has been shown to have similar pharmacological properties to temazepam. It has been found to be effective for the treatment of the most severe states of anxiety, panic attacks, and insomnia. Furthermore, it is potent with 1 mg of flutemazepam being equivalent to 10 mg of diazepam. Flutemazepam is highly effective for acute psychotic states, especially stimulant psychosis, violent behaviour, and aggression.

It was first synthesized and described in 1965 by Leo Sternbach. In a test which compared a series of 3-fluorobenzodiazepine compounds in 1976, one of which was the 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine, flutemazepam. Of the tested compounds (9 different 3-fluorobenzodiazepines including, a powerful compound known as N-Desalkyl-3-hydroxyflurazepam). Flutemazepam was the most potent: 20x more potent than temazepam, 10x more potent than diazepam and nitrazepam, 5x more potent than nimetazepam and roughly equipotent to a related 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine, lorazepam. It was also the most rapid-acting compound of the series via oral administration, as well as the most active and powerful anxiolytic, myorelaxant, tranquilizer, motor-impairing, amnesic, sedative-hypnotic, and anti-convulsive agent at doses as low as 0.5–1 mg range.