Focke-Wulf Fw 44 Stieglitz

The Focke-Wulf Fw 44 Stieglitz (Goldfinch) is a 1930s German two-seat biplane. Designed by Kurt Tank in 1931, it was the Focke-Wulf company's first major international success. Produced as a pilot training and sports flying aircraft. It was also built under license in several other countries.

Design and development
The Fw 44 was designed as a biplane with conventional layout and straight, untapered wings. Its two open cockpits were arranged in tandem, and both cockpits were equipped with flight controls and instruments. The Fw 44 had fixed tailwheel landing gear. It employed ailerons on both upper and lower wings. It did not use flaps. It was flown with a Siemens-Halske Sh 14 radial engine.

The first prototype flew in 1932. After many tests and modifications to increase the plane's durability and aerodynamics, the final Fw 44 proved to have excellent airworthiness.

A second version of the Fw 44 was the Fw 44B, which had an Argus As 8 four-cylinder inverted inline air-cooled engine of 90 kW (120 hp). The cowling for this engine gave the plane a more slender, aerodynamic nose.

Twenty Fw 44s purchased by China were modified for combat missions, and participated in the early stage of the Second Sino-Japanese War until all were lost in action.

The last series version was the Fw 44J, which was sold or built under license in several countries around the world. It was equipped with a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14 radial engine.

Many Fw 44Cs remained in Luftwaffe service during World War 2, with the Flugzeugführerschulen and one or two Flugkriegsschulen.

Variants

 * Fw 44B
 * Fw 44C
 * Main production version with minor equipment changes, powered by a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14a radial piston engine.
 * Main production version with minor equipment changes, powered by a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14a radial piston engine.


 * Fw 44D
 * Fw 44E
 * Fw 44F
 * Fw 44J
 * Final production model, powered by a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14a radial piston engine.
 * Fw 44J
 * Final production model, powered by a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14a radial piston engine.
 * Final production model, powered by a seven-cylinder Siemens-Halske Sh 14a radial piston engine.

Operators
The aircraft was produced under license in 1937–1942 period – license production
 * Argentine Air Force
 * Argentine Naval Aviation
 * Argentine Naval Aviation
 * Austrian Air Force (1927-1938) – license production
 * Bolivian Air Force – one aircraft was delivered in November 1937
 * Brazilian Air Force
 * Brazilian Naval Aviation
 * Brazilian Air Force
 * Brazilian Naval Aviation
 * Brazilian Naval Aviation
 * 🇧🇬 Bulgaria
 * Bulgarian Air Force – license production
 * Republic of China Air Force
 * Chilean Air Force – 15 aircraft delivered in February 1938
 * Colombian Air Force
 * Czechoslovakian Air Force (Postwar)
 * Suomen Ilmavoimat
 * 🇩🇪 Germany
 * Luftwaffe
 * 🇭🇺 Hungary
 * Hungarian Air Force
 * Polish Air Force
 * 🇷🇴 Romania
 * Royal Romanian Air Force
 * 🇸🇰 Slovakia
 * Slovak Air Force (1939–45)
 * Spanish Air Force
 * Swedish Air Force – license production; called Sk 12
 * Swiss Air Force
 * Turkish Air Force (1937–1962)
 * SFR Yugoslav Air Force – Postwar.
 * Slovak Air Force (1939–45)
 * Spanish Air Force
 * Swedish Air Force – license production; called Sk 12
 * Swiss Air Force
 * Turkish Air Force (1937–1962)
 * SFR Yugoslav Air Force – Postwar.
 * Swiss Air Force
 * Turkish Air Force (1937–1962)
 * SFR Yugoslav Air Force – Postwar.
 * SFR Yugoslav Air Force – Postwar.
 * SFR Yugoslav Air Force – Postwar.