Francis Fergusson

Francis Fergusson (1904–1986) was a Harvard and Oxford-educated teacher and critic, a theorist of drama and mythology who wrote The Idea of a Theater, (Princeton, 1949) a book about drama. He contributed an introductory essay to S. H. Butcher’s 1961 translation of Aristotle’s Poetics. His other works include Dante's Drama of the Mind: A Modern Reading of the Purgatorio, which includes his translations of many passages. In The Rarer Action (Rutgers, 1970), a volume in tribute to Francis Fergusson, the critic Allen Tate wrote: "The Idea of a Theater is a work comparable in range and depth with Eric Auerbach's Mimesis. There is no other work by an American critic of which this can be said."

Born in New Mexico, he completed high school at The Ethical Culture School in New York City, where he befriended future physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer. The two later attended Harvard University together. He then received a Rhodes Scholarship and studied briefly at Oxford University before traveling to France where he befriended Sylvia Beach of Shakespeare and Company. Returning to New York City, he took acting classes with the Polish director Richard Boleslavski and wrote drama criticism for the Herald Tribune. In the early 1930s he founded the drama division of the then new Bennington College in southwestern Vermont. After nearly a decade at Bennington, he moved on to teach at Indiana University and then at Rutgers University, where he taught comparative literature. Among his students were poet Robert Pinsky and fiction writer Alan Cheuse.