George Barker (poet)

George Granville Barker (26 February 1913 – 27 October 1991) was an English poet. He identified with the New Apocalyptics movement, which reacted against 1930s realism with mythical and surrealistic themes. His long liaison with Elizabeth Smart was the subject of her cult-novel By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept.

Life and work
Barker was born in Loughton, near Epping Forest in Essex, England, to an English father George Barker (1879–1965), a temporary police constable and former batman in the Coldstream Guards, who later worked as a butler at Gray's Inn. During World War I, Barker senior had earned a field commission to the rank of Major. Barker's mother was Marion Frances (1881–1953), née Taaffe, came from Mornington, County Meath. His parents moved to Chelsea when Barker was six months old. Barker's younger brother was the painter Kit Barker; they were raised at Battersea, London, and the family later lived at Upper Addison Gardens, Holland Park.

Barker was educated at an L.C.C. school and at Regent Street Polytechnic. Having left school at an early age, he pursued several odd jobs, before settling on a career in writing. Early volumes by Barker include Thirty Preliminary Poems (1933), Poems (1935) and Calamiterror (1937), which was inspired by the Spanish Civil War, and contains an attack on the Spanish Nationalists.

In his early twenties, Barker had already been published by T.S. Eliot at Faber and Faber, who helped him to gain appointment as Professor of English Literature in 1939 at Tohoku University (Sendai, Miyagi, Japan). He left there in 1940 due to the hostilities, but wrote Pacific Sonnets during his tenure.

He then travelled to the United States, where he began his longtime liaison with writer Elizabeth Smart, by whom he had four of his fifteen children. Barker also had three children by his first wife, Jessica. He returned to England in 1943. From the late 1960s until his death, he lived in Itteringham, Norfolk, with his wife, the writer and journalist Elspeth Barker. In 1969, he published the poem At Thurgarton Church, the village of Thurgarton being a few miles from Itteringham.

Barker's 1950 novel, The Dead Seagull, described his affair with Smart, whose 1945 novel By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept also focused on the affair. Robert Fraser edited Barker's Collected Poems (ISBN 0-571-13972-8) that were published in 1987 by Faber and Faber. Barker was partly associated with the New Apocalyptics movement, which reacted against 1930s realism with surrealistic and mythical themes. However, his characteristically independent idiosyncrasies established him as an individual in his own right.

Barker was an uneven writer. C.H. Sisson considered Barker's masterpiece to be The True Confession of George Barker.

In describing the difficulties in writing his biography, Barker was quoted as saying: "I've stirred the facts around too much ... It simply can't be done." However, Robert Fraser produced a biography, The Chameleon Poet: A Life of George Barker, in 2001.