German Gymnastics Federation

The German Gymnastics Federation (official German name: Deutscher Turner-Bund (DTB)) is the umbrella organization of the German gymnastics associations and clubs.

History
The DTB was founded in 1848 at the first German gymnastics day in Hanau. The first German gymnastics festival was held 1860 in Coburg. In 1868, the DTB was changed into the German gymnasts (Deutsche Turnerschaft (DT)). Additionally, the social-democratic working gymnastics association (Arbeiterturnerbund (ATB)) was founded in 1893, which was renamed to be the working gymnastics and sport association (Arbeiter-Turn-und Sportbund (ATSB)) in 1919, and was later forbidden during the Nazism in Germany. In 1933, the DT tried to become another part in the sphere of the Nazi Party, alongside the already existing Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party. The DT could not be established, however, because it did not claim high-performance sport as its main goal thus interfering with the Nazi Party's requirements of dominance of the best males through sports. The DT was dismissed in 1935 because of the Gleichschaltung of the Nazi Party. After World War II, on 13 September 1947, the first unofficial German Championship in Artistic gymnastics was held in Northeim. At this event the working committee of German gymnastics (Deutscher Arbeitsausschuss Turnen (DAT)) was founded, which paved the way for the re-establishment of the DTB in Tübingen. In 1952, the DTB already had 900,000 members participating in more than 6100 sport clubs. The first German gymnastics festival (Deutsches Turnfest) took place in 1953 in Hamburg.

In 2005, the first international German gymnastics festival was held in Berlin. The next one was 2009 in Frankfurt am Main, followed by the third one 2013 in the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region. In 2017, it took place in Berlin again, with the slogan “how colorful is that”.

In 2003, the DTB organized the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in Hannover (16. – 19. of October). Four years later, the EnBW gymnastic world championships were held in Stuttgart (1. – 9. of September). In 2010, the Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships were organized by the DTB in Bremen (15. – 18. of April) followed by the European Artistic Gymnastics Championships one year later in Berlin (4. – 10. of April). The next big event following were the Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships held 2015 in Stuttgart. The most recent big events organized by the DTB were the 2019 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships in Stuttgart, and the 2022 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Munich as part of the 2022 European Championships. The first gold medal in an international world championship competition for the DTB was won by the German national team at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships 1986 in Paris. This success was repeated in 2001. Pauline Schäfer-Betz won the first single event gold medal for the DTB on balance beam at the 2017 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships in Montreal. This made her the second German woman to win a single-event gold medal at an international competition after Maxi Gnauck, who won the gold medal on uneven bars for the GDR at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

Organisation
The DTB is a registered association, which is led by a committee of 10 people. Since 2016, Dr. Alfons Hölzl has been taking over as president of this association, making him the successor of Rainer Brechtken. The administrative office is in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Besides the federal committee, the DTB is split up in 22 regional member associations, 20 of which are gymnastics associations. North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria each have more than one association.

The Academic gymnastics association (Akademischer Turnbund (ATB)) and the Bavarian gymnastics and playing association are special members of the DTB.

The German gymnastics federation is regionally structured in smaller gymnastic districts, counties, and regions. On a national level, it is part of the German Olympic Sports Confederation because of its function as an umbrella Organisation. Internationally, the DTB is a member of the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) and a founding member of the European Gymnastics (UEG), existing since 1982.

Guidelines
In 2004, at the national gymnastics day in Berlin, the DTB published its guidelines which is a statement of the focus of its work: Based on these guidelines, the DTB tries to standardize its work as sports federation while focusing on these main goals and interests. A result of this standardization that can already be seen in the newly developed categories children's gymnastics, Gymwelt (gymnastics world), and Turnen! (gymnastics).
 * Strengthening of the main sports which are artistic gymnastics as well as other forms of gymnastics
 * Promoting children's gymnastics as flagship of the federation
 * Securing appropriate opportunities for adolescents in sport and leisure activities
 * Securing the leading position in physical fitness and health by offering appropriate opportunities for young adults and adolescent youth, especially females
 * Promoting and funding of Olympic high-performance sport with the goal of international representation and success
 * Developing contemporary opportunities in its sports and expertise fields

German gymnastics festival club
One of the main responsibilities of the DTB is the organisation of gymnastic festivals. The German gymnastic festivals include around 100,000 participants and was additionally made an international event in 2005. The international version of the German gymnastics festival is the biggest competitional and popular sports event worldwide. To facilitate the administration of the gymnastics festival, the DTB created the German gymnastic festival club, which is a registered association whose function is the organization of those events. The last international German gymnastics festival was held 2017 in Berlin (3. – 10. July). There was supposed to be another one in 2021, which was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The next international German gymnastics festival will be held 2025 in Leipzig.

German youth gymnastics
The German youth gymnastics (Deutsche Turnerjugend (DTJ)) is the youth organisation of the DTB. The DTJ is one of the biggest youth organisations in Germany, including over 2 million members. The guidelines the DTJ is following are:
 * Conceptual work focused on content-based appliance in youth and children's gymnastics. Further, the creation of new ideas in sport and leisure activities connected to education possibilities.
 * Creation of competition adapted to youth, like youth gymnastic association championships.
 * Participation at the German Gymnastics Festival, EUROGYM, and the World Gymnaestrada as well as meetings of youth gymnastics regionally, nationally and even internationally. The goal of these meetings is to make participating in gymnastics more appealing for young people, while strengthening their social and interactive skills in group settings.
 * Dealing with socio-political topics connected to sports and youth. On top of that, the DTJ has members representing youth in committees within the DTB and the German sports youth association.

Quality certificates
In 1994, the German Gymnastics Federation created the quality certificate Pluspunkt Gesundheit.DTB. This certificate was created to honor high-quality health programs. To be awarded with this certificate, certain criteria need to be met.

Controversies
Coach Gabriele Frehse was accused of physical and emotional abuse and abuse of power, a process which is known as the Chemnitzer Turnaffäre (gymnastic scandal of Chemnitz).