Glaucium grandiflorum

Glaucium grandiflorum, the great-flowered horned poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the horned poppy genus which is native to the Middle East.

Description
The species is a perennial flowering plant which has scalloped, blue-gray leaves. It flowers in the summer and fall with orange-red flowers that are 4 cm in diameter. These flowers are on long stems which extend above the plant's foliage. The seed pods ripen in late summer.

Glaucium grandiflorum grows 6-40 cm and can have one or more main stems. These stems are branched, and are covered with rather dense hairs. The petals are 1-4.5 cm long. There are numerous stamens with anthers 1-4 mm in length. Their filaments are monotronic in the upper half and broadened in the lower half. The pedicals, when fruiting, can be up to 9 cm long, and are erect or contorted and hairy. The stigma are 4-9 mm broad.

Phytochemistry
Numerous alkaloids have been isolated from the plant, including norchelidonine, dihydrochelerythrine, 8-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine, protopine, allocryptopine, corypalmine, and tetrahydropalmatine.

Taxonomy
Glaucium grandiflorum has two accepted infraspecific varieties:


 * Glaucium grandiflorum var. haussknechtii (Bornm. & Fedde) A. Parsa
 * Glaucium grandiflorum var. iranicum B. Mory

Distribution and habitat
Glaucium grandiflorum has a distribution from the Eastern Mediterranean to Iran.

Glaucium grandiflorum is found in disturbed habitats and shrub-steppes. It is found in the Irano-Turanian floristic region and is a glycophyte.