Godwin Obasi

Godwin Olu Patrick Obasi (24 December 1933 – 3 March 2007) was a Nigerian meteorologist and the secretary-general of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) from 1984 to 2003. He was the first secretariat employee to be named secretary-general and the first African to serve as the head of a UN agency.

Early life and education
Godwin Olu Patrick Obasi was born on 24 December 1933 to Albert B. Patrick Obasi and Rhoda A. Akande, in Ogori, Kwara, Nigeria. He attended St. Peter School, Ogori, and St. Andrew School, Okene, Kogi State for his early education. He then transferred to an Okene middle school (today's Abdul Aziz Atta Memorial College). He afterwards transferred to the Barewa College in Zaria, where he was a classmate of Yakubu Gowon, a former head of state of Nigeria.

He obtained a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics and Physics with honours from McGill University in Montreal, Canada, in 1959, and a Master of Science in Meteorology with distinction from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1960. He went on to obtain a Doctor of Science in Meteorology from MIT in 1963. He received the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Award for his thesis.

Career
Obasi returned to Nigeria to become a senior meteorologist in charge of research and training at the Nigerian Meteorological Department from 1963 to 1967, and he was also a senior meteorologist in charge of technical administration at the department's headquarters in Lagos from 1966 to 1967. Additionally, he served as the senior meteorologist in charge of meteorological services at Lagos Airport, Ikeja from 1964 to 1965, and as chairman of the working group on tropical meteorology for the World Meteorological Organization from 1965 to 1967.

From 1967 to 1974, Obasi was a World Meteorological Organisation/United Nations Development Programme expert and a senior lecturer at the University of Nairobi in Kenya. He also served as acting head of the Department of Meteorology in Kenya from 1972 to 1973, and as professor and chairman of the department from 1974 to 1976. Additionally, he was dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of Nairobi in Kenya from 1967 to 1976. Obasi also worked as an adviser in meteorology and assistant director for the Nigerian government from 1976 to 1978.

In 1973, he served as a visiting research fellow at Florida State University. In 1978, he was appointed as a vice president and a member of the advisory group of the Commission for Atmospheric Science at the World Meteorological Organization. Additionally, he served on the board of advisors for The Bower Award and Prize for Achievement in Science at the Franklin Institute. He was the vice president of the Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS).

Obasi joined the WMO Secretariat in 1978 as the director of education and training. The United Nations Environment Programme and WMO founded the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. He also organised the convening of the Second World Climate Conference in Geneva in 1990, following which the United Nations General Assembly created the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). He also contributed to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification's formation (UNCCD).

Obasi served as the secretary-general of the WMO from 1984 to 2003. He was the first secretariat employee to be named secretary-general and the first African to serve as the head of a UN agency.

Allegations of theft and mismanagement
According to a New York Times article published on 9 February 2005, there were allegations of theft and mismanagement at the WMO. The article, written by Judith Miller, reports that the agency was accused of using money intended for hurricane relief to pay for office furnishings and travel expenses. Other sources indicated that Muhammad Hassan, WMO's head of training and Obasi's closest ally, was accused of the embezzlement of 4.3 million francs. An internal WMO audit, quoted by Neue Zürcher Zeitung, revealed that Muhammad Hassan informed Godwin Obasi of some of his wrongdoings. It was alleged by Le Temps that embezzled money would have been partly used to exert a “political influence on the representatives of certain countries”. Additionally, the New York Times article notes that there were allegations of fraud and nepotism within the agency, as well as complaints about the organisation's overall management.

Personal life and death
Obasi married Winifred O. Akande on 1 October 1976, and they had six children. He died on 3 March 2007, in Abuja, Nigeria.

Awards and honours
Obasi received several honours during his lifetime, including being elected as a Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences in 1995, a Fellow of The World Academy of Sciences in 1996, and an Honorary Fellow of the Indian, Cuban, and Burkina Faso meteorological societies. He was elected and an Academician of the International Academy of Sciences of Nature and Society (Armenia) and the International Council for Science (ICSU). He was an Honorary member of the Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Romania since 1995, and member of the International Energy Foundation since 1998, and the American, African, Kenyan, Nigerian, Dominican, Ecuadorian and Colombian meteorological societies.

Obasi was awarded several honorary doctorate degrees, including a Doctor of Physics from the University Bucharest in 1991, Romania, and a Doctor of Laws from the University of the Philippines in 1992, a Doctor of Science from the Federal University of Technology Akure in 1992, Doctor of Science from the Alpine Geophysical Research Institute in 1993, and a Doctor of Science from the University of Nairobi in 1998.

Obasi received the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Award from MIT in 1963 for his PhD thesis, Gold plaque merit and medal from Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in 1986, the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management's Medal, Poland, in 1989, Climate Institute's Award in 1990, the Ogori Merit Award in 1991, the Civil Honour of Merit Award from the Dirección Nacional de Aeronáutica Civil (Paraguay) in 1992, Gold Medal from the African Meteorological Society in 1993, Medal of Merit from the Slovak Hydrometeorol Institute in 1994, Gold Medal from the Balkan Physical Union in 1997, the National Roll of Honour for environmental achievement, Nigeria, in 1999, Plaque of Appreciation from Iran in 1999, the Kenyan Head of State's Commendation Award in 1999, the First International Prize on water and agriculture in 2002, TWAS Medal Lecture in Earth Sciences in 2002, and Zayed International Prize for the Environment for Scientific and Technological Achievement in 2003.

Obasi was honoured with the Gold Medal from the Government of Paraguay in 1988, the Air Force Cross from Venezuela in 1989, and the Freedom of Ho Chi Minh City in 1990. He was made a Commander of the National Order of the Ivory Coast in 1992, the Order of the Niger in 1994, the National Order of the Lion in 1995, the National Order of Benin in 1997, the National Order of Burkina Faso in 1997, Order of Oman in 2002, the Legion of Honour in 2002, and the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland in 2003. He also received the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas in 1998, the Presidential Medal of Friendship from Vietnam in 1998, the Order of Grand Warrior of Kenya in 2000, and First Class of the Order of Saman de Aragua from Venezuela in 2001.

In 2014, Obasi posthumously received Nigeria's Centenary Award.

Obasi has been recognised for his significant contributions to climate science and is seen as “Africa’s gift to the world of climate science”. He was the subject of a memorial lecture at the Seventh Conference on Climate Change and Development in Africa in Nairobi, Kenya, in 2018, and another memorial lecture was held in his name in September 2021 at the Ninth Conference on Climate Change and Development in Africa in Cabo Verde.