Granulomatous prostatitis

Granulomatous prostatitis is an uncommon disease of the prostate, an exocrine gland of the male reproductive system. It is a form of prostatitis (prostate inflammation), resulting from infection (bacterial, viral, or fungal), BCG vaccine, malacoplakia or systemic granulomatous diseases which involve the prostate.

Pathogenesis
Prostatic secretions escape into the stroma and elicit an inflammatory response.

Histopathology
Noticeable destruction of Acini, surrounded by epitheloid cells, giant cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells and dense fibrosis.

Mimicry of prostate cancer
Granulomatous prostatitis can be mistaken for prostate cancer, including on rectal examination, MRI and heightened PSA scores. A biopsy differentiates.

Causes
Some 70% of cases are idiopathic. Causes may include infection and immunological links.

Prevalence
One study stated prevalence in 0.44% in routine prostectomy specimens, 0.29% in needle biopsies and 0.77% of TURP, simple prostatectomy and needle biopsy.