Haplogroup M8

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup M8 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Origin
Haplogroup M8 is a descendant of haplogroup M. Haplogroup M8 is divided into subclades M8a, C and Z.

Distribution
It is an East Asian haplogroup. Today, haplogroup M8 is found at its highest frequency in indigenous populations of East Siberia such as Evenk and Yukaghir. Haplogroup M8 is one of the most common mtDNA haplogroups among Yakut, Tuvan. Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Subclades
Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup M8 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.


 * M8
 * M8a
 * M8a1 - Ulch
 * M8a1a - Japanese
 * M8a2'3
 * M8a2 - Japanese, Han Chinese
 * M8a2-a* - Japanese, Russia
 * M8a2a'b (T152C!) - Japanese
 * M8a2a - Han Chinese
 * M8a2a1 - Japanese, Han Chinese(Hunan)
 * M8a2a1a1
 * M8a2a1b
 * M8a2a1c - Japanese
 * M8a2b - Japanese, Han Chinese (Shandong)
 * M8a2b1
 * M8a2b2 - Russia
 * M8a2c - Japanese, Han Chinese
 * M8a2d - Han Chinese
 * M8a2e - Ami(Taiwan Aborigines), Han Chinese (Taiwan)
 * M8a3 - Japanese, Han Chinese
 * M8a3a - Han Chinese
 * M8a3a1 - Han Chinese
 * CZ
 * C
 * C1
 * C1a - Ulch, Swedish
 * C1b - Amerindian
 * C1b1
 * C1b2
 * C1b3
 * C1b4
 * C1b5
 * C1b5a
 * C1b5b
 * C1b6
 * C1b7'10 (T16311C!)
 * C1b7
 * C1b7a
 * C1b10
 * C1b8
 * C1b9
 * C1b11
 * C1b12
 * C1b13
 * C1b13a
 * C1b13a1
 * C1b13b
 * C1b13c
 * C1b13c1
 * C1b13d
 * C1b13e
 * C1b14
 * C1c - Amerindian
 * C1c1
 * C1c1a
 * C1c1b
 * C1c2
 * C1c3
 * C1c4
 * C1c5
 * C1c6'7
 * C1c6
 * C1c7
 * C1c8
 * C1d - Amerindian
 * C1d1
 * C1d1a
 * C1d1a1
 * C1d1b
 * C1d1b1
 * C1d1c
 * C1d1c1
 * C1d1d
 * C1d2
 * C1d2a
 * C1d3
 * C1e - Amerindian
 * C1f - Amerindian
 * C4 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
 * C4a'b'c
 * C4a
 * C4a1
 * C4a1a
 * C4a1a1
 * C4a1a1a
 * C4a1a2'3'4
 * C4a1a2
 * C4a1a2a
 * C4a1a3
 * C4a1a3a
 * C4a1a3a1
 * C4a1a3b
 * C4a1a3c
 * C4a1a3d
 * C4a1a4
 * C4a1a4a
 * C4a1a5
 * C4a1a6
 * C4a2
 * C4a2a
 * C4a2a1
 * C4a2a1a
 * C4a2a1b
 * C4a2b
 * C4a2b1
 * C4a2b2
 * C4a2b2a
 * C4a2c
 * C4a2c1
 * C4a2c2
 * C4a2c2a
 * C4b
 * C4b1
 * C4b1a
 * C4b1b
 * C4b2
 * C4b2a
 * C4b3
 * C4b3a
 * C4b3a1
 * C4b3b
 * C4b5
 * C4b6
 * C4b7
 * C4b8
 * C4b8a
 * C4c
 * C4c1
 * C4c1a
 * C4c1b
 * C4c2
 * C4d'e
 * C4d
 * C4e
 * C5 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
 * C5a
 * C5a1
 * C5a2
 * C5a2a
 * C5a2b
 * C5a2b1
 * C5b
 * C5b1
 * C5b1a
 * C5b1a1
 * C5b1b
 * C5b1b1
 * C5c'd
 * C5c
 * C5c1
 * C5c1a
 * C5d
 * C5d1
 * C5d2
 * C7 - Han Chinese, Indo-China Penisulan
 * C7a
 * C7a1
 * C7a1a
 * C7a1a1
 * C7a1a2
 * C7a1c
 * C7a1d
 * C7a2
 * C7a2a
 * C7b
 * Z
 * Z1'2'3'4'7
 * Z1 - Tofalar
 * Z1a - Tubalar
 * Z1a1
 * Z1a1a - Saami, Kets
 * Z1a1b - Nganasan, Estonian
 * Z1a2 - Ulch
 * Z1a2a - Nivkh
 * Z1a3 - Yakuts, Estonian
 * Z2 - Japanese
 * Z3 - Japanese
 * Z3a
 * Z3a1
 * Z3a1a - Han Chinese, Indian
 * Z3a2 - Indian
 * Z3b - Indian
 * Z3c - Persian(Iranian), Japanese
 * Z3d - Han Chinese, Taiwanese
 * Z4 - Han Chinese
 * Z4a - Japanese
 * Z4a1 - Han Chinese
 * Z4a1a
 * Z4a1a1 - Japanese
 * Z7 - Indian
 * Z5 - Japanese

Popular culture
The American figure skater Kristi Yamaguchi is a member of haplogroup M8a.