Henry Vilas Zoo

Henry Vilas Zoo is a 28 acre public zoo in Madison, Wisconsin, United States, that is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Owned by Dane County, the zoo receives over 750,000 visitors annually.

History
In 1904, the city received 50 acre of land from William and Anna Vilas under the conditions that it be used "for the uses and purposes of a public park and pleasure ground". The park was named in honor of the Vilases' son, Henry, who died in 1899 at the age of 27 from complications related to diabetes. The family stipulated that the park always be admission-free.

By 1911, 28 acre of the park were partitioned into an animal exhibit, marking the creation of the zoo. The Madison Zoological and Aquarium Society was founded in 1914, and in 1926 became the Henry Vilas Park Zoological Society, which continues today. In 1964, the society was incorporated as a non-profit corporation.

For the hundredth anniversary of the zoo, the society operated a Zoo Century campaign to support a $27 million redevelopment of the zoo over the next 10 years. Plans call for a new Arctic Passage exhibit and a redesigned Children's Zoo. The Arctic Passage, which includes a major expansion that includes a new restaurant, and new enclosures for seals and returning grizzly and polar bears opened May 23, 2015.

The zoo hosts an annual Zoo Run Run with a 5K-10K run/walk. The race starts and finishes in the zoo, and uses portions of the adjacent University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum.

The Henry Vilas Zoo is one of ten remaining free zoos in North America. As an accredited AZA (Association of Zoos & Aquariums) zoo, their mission is to conserve and protect the wonders of the natural living world.

Controversy
In 2022, after the two only black zookeepers at the Zoo resigned in part due to perceived poor management, racism, and retaliation from management, Dane County started an investigation into the practices of the zoo. The county found that the zoo created a toxic work environment, a lack of employees of color, inadequate welfare for animals, and management favoritism toward certain employees.

The county then authorized an independent investigation. This investigation found no evidence of a hostile work environment nor discrimination, but some evidence of isolated past issues with animal treatment.

Animals and exhibits
The zoo houses amphibians, birds, fish, insects, mammals, and reptiles from several continents.

Arctic Passage
Opened in 2015, the Arctic Passage features large, natural habitats for polar bears, grizzly bears and harbour seals. The polar bear and harbour seal exhibits have underwater viewing and there is a stream for the grizzly bears. The exhibit includes several sustainability features like solar panels, rainwater harvesting and an underground storage unit that saves over 2 million gallons of water.

George Fait North American Prairie
A large yard home to the zoo's American bison.

Wisconsin Heritage Trail
The Wisconsin Heritage Trail opened in 2016 and highlights Wisconsin's rich mining history. It has enclosures for American badgers and rescued sandhill cranes.

Tropical Rainforest Aviary
A $4.2 million dollar aviary opened in 2000. Outside the aviary are enclosures for capybaras and North American river otters. The aviary is home to many tropical birds like blue-and-yellow macaws, blue-crowned motmots, laughing kookaburra, white-cheeked turaco and sunbittern as well as Geoffroy's marmoset, red-rumped agouti and fish like red-bellied piranhas and ocellate river stingrays.

Big Cats Exhibit
The zoo houses African lions and Amur tigers in enclosures simulating their natural habitats in the wild with features like heated rocks to keep them warm during winter. Nearby is an enclosure for Indian crested porcupines.

Primate House
Opened in 1995, the Primate House houses three species of primates, Bornean orangutans, black-and-white ruffed lemurs and ring-tailed lemurs.

Savanna and High Plains
These yards are home to the zoo's larger hoofstock, Bactrian camels, Somali wild ass and white rhinoceros.

Children's Zoo
The Children's Zoo features the sustainably designed Red Barn, which houses their goats, which can be hand fed. It also features exhibits for red pandas, white-handed gibbons, Indian crested porcupines, meerkats, aardvarks, red-footed tortoises, American flamingos and Chilean flamingos. There is also a koi pond, a train and a carousel.

Discovery Center and Herpetarium
The Herpetarium is home to the zoo's reptiles and amphibians. Aldabra giant tortoises and American alligators have outdoor exhibits. Some of the collection include green anaconda, massasauga, alligator snapping turtle, Gila monster, Standing's day geckos, leopard geckos, desert tortoises, dyeing poison dart frogs, Golfodulcean poison frogs, green and black poison dart frogs, strawberry poison-dart frogs, yellow-banded poison dart frogs and red-eyed tree frogs.

The Discovery Center allows hands-on interactions with animals. It houses giant African millipedes, lemur leaf frogs, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and Seba's short-tailed bats.

Other animals
The zoo also houses African penguins and North American porcupines.Some animals at the zoo include capybaras, badgers and polar bears.