Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture



Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Hani: Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel; Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of 32929 km2 and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.

In 2008, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.

Subdivisions
The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions: 4 county-level cities, 6 counties, and 3 autonomous counties:

Demographics
At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities.

Ethnic subgroups


Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:32):


 * Hani
 * Nuobi
 * Nuomei
 * Ache
 * Lami
 * Baihong
 * Asuo
 * Budu
 * Qide
 * Gehe
 * Biyue
 * Kaduo
 * Ha'ou (哈欧)
 * Enu (Ximoluo)

Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:68):


 * Nisubo 尼苏泼 (exonyms and other names: Luoluo 罗罗, Sandaohong 三道红, Huayao 花腰, Muji 母基)
 * Nibo 尼泼 (exonyms and other names: Sani 撒尼, Azhe 阿哲)
 * Gepo 葛泼 (exonyms and other names: White Yi 白彝)
 * Siqi 斯期 (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi 大黑彝, Small Black Yi 小黑彝)
 * Axibo 阿细泼 (exonyms and other names: Axi 阿细)
 * Puwabo 朴瓦泼, Pulebo 普勒泼 (exonyms and other names: Pula 朴喇)
 * Alubo 阿鲁泼 (exonyms and other names: Alu 阿鲁)
 * Lesubo 勒苏泼 (exonyms and other names: Shansu 山苏)
 * Luobo 罗泼 (exonyms and other names: Awu 阿务, Laowu 老乌)
 * Xiangtang 香堂

Roads

 * G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway
 * G8011 Kaiyuan–Hekou Expressway
 * G5615 Tianbao–Houqiao Expressway
 * S45 Yuanjiang–Manhao Expressway
 * China National Highway 219
 * China National Highway 323
 * China National Highway 326
 * China National Highway 553

Railways
The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches. These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway).

The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).

Airport
Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi.