Hostile Environment and Emergency First Aid Training

Hostile Environment and Emergency First Aid Training, also known as HEFAT is a standard type of training in first aid, given to people entering hostile environments, mostly for work, and often to journalists.

History
The course was designed in 1993 by Centurion Safety of the UK. Paul Rees, a former Royal Marine, devised the course.

All BBC journalists entering hostile environments must do the HEFAT course. Other employers in difficult environments also make the course obligatory.

Structure
It is often a four to six-day residential course. The course is designed for the individual's safety and health, and not as training as a paramedic.

Syllabus
The course includes kidnap and mock executions. For hostile environments, the first aid on the course includes amputated limbs, something many first aid courses do not commonly cover.

Other topics include
 * Ballistic trauma
 * Carjacking
 * Improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
 * Land mines
 * Personal protective equipment (PPE)
 * Security checkpoints
 * Sexual violence
 * Vehicle security