Human (Death album)

Human is the fourth studio album by American death metal band Death, released on October 22, 1991, by Relativity Records. The album marked the beginning of a major stylistic change for Death, being more technically complex and progressive than the band's previous efforts. The lyrics are more introspective when compared to the gore-based lyrics of Scream Bloody Gore and Leprosy or the social commentary on Spiritual Healing. This new style would continue to evolve on all following Death albums. This is the only album to feature Cynic members Paul Masvidal on guitars and Sean Reinert on drums, both 20 at the time, and the first to feature bassist Steve DiGiorgio.

Bassist Steve DiGiorgio left after the recording of the album (though he would later return to record Individual Thought Patterns). He was replaced by Scott Carino, who toured with the band in 1991 and 1992. Carino also recorded additional bass overdub on "Cosmic Sea" after a couple of issues were discovered during the mixing stage. The rest of the song (including the bass solo) was recorded by DiGiorgio.

In 2011, Relapse Records and Perseverance Holdings Ltd. re-issued the album to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the original release. This edition was remixed by Jim Morris of Morrisound Recording Studios, includes bonus tracks, and was authorized by Schuldiner intellectual property lawyer Eric Greif. The reissue of Human was remixed, as Sony had lost the master tapes of Scott Burns' original mixes.

Reception and legacy
Human was released to critical acclaim from music publications and is seen as a pivotal release in the development of the technical death metal subgenre and on extreme metal in general. In 2017, Rolling Stone magazine placed the album as the 70th greatest metal album of all time.

Human is a highly influential extreme metal album, according to Jeff Wagner in his 2010 text on progressive metal, Mean Deviation. It is Death's best-selling album, having sold 100,000 copies in the United States by 1995. It was ranked number 82 on the October 2006 issue of Guitar World magazine's list of the greatest 100 guitar albums of all time. The track "Lack of Comprehension" has an accompanying music video, which received airplay on MTV and helped boost the sales of the album. As of April 2024, the music video has over 8.3 million views of YouTube.

As of 2008, Human had sold 95,000 copies with the U.S., according to Soundscan.

Track listing
All songs written by Chuck Schuldiner except where noted.

Personnel
All information is taken from the CD liner notes of the original 1991 release and the 2011 reissue.


 * Death
 * Chuck Schuldiner – guitars, vocals
 * Paul Masvidal – guitars
 * Steve Di Giorgio – bass
 * Sean Reinert – drums


 * Additional personnel
 * Scott Carino – additional bass (on "Cosmic Sea")
 * Bill Andrews – drums (August 1990 rehearsal)
 * Terry Butler – bass (August 1990 rehearsal)


 * Production
 * Chuck Schuldiner – production
 * Scott Burns – producer, engineer, mixing
 * Michael Fuller – mastering (original release)
 * Jim Morris – remixing (2011 reissue)
 * Alan Douches – mastering (2011 reissue)
 * René Miville – artwork
 * Tim Hubbard – photography
 * David Bett – art direction
 * Jacob Speis – layout

Album
Billboard (North America)