Italian submarine Galileo Ferraris (1934)

Galileo Ferraris was one of four Archimede-class submarines built for the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during the early 1930s. She played a minor role in the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939 supporting the Spanish Nationalists.

Design and description
The Archimede class was an improved and enlarged version of the earlier Settembrini-class submarine. They displaced 970 LT surfaced and 1239 LT submerged. The submarines were 70.5 m long, had a beam of 6.87 m and a draft of 4.12 m. They had an operational diving depth of 90 m Their crew numbered 55 officers and enlisted men.

For surface running, the boats were powered by two 1500 bhp diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 550 hp electric motor. They could reach 17 kn on the surface and 7.7 kn underwater. On the surface, the Archimede class had a range of 10300 nmi at 8 kn; submerged, they had a range of 105 nmi at 3 kn.

The boats were armed with eight 53.3 cm torpedo tubes, four each in the bow and in the stern for which they carried a total of 16 torpedoes. They were also armed with a pair of 100 mm deck guns, one each fore and aft of the conning tower, for combat on the surface. Their anti-aircraft armament consisted of two single 13.2 mm machine guns.

Construction and career
Gaileo Ferraris was laid down by Cantieri navali Tosi di Taranto at their Taranto shipyard in 1931, launched on 11 August 1934 and completed the following year. On 9 February 1937, the boat hit and sank the mail steamer SS Navarra off Tarragona with two torpedoes. Killed aboard the ship was the French Communist Deputy Marcel Basset. On 15 August she sank the 4,602 GRT cargo ship SS Ciudad de Cádiz off Tenedos in the Eastern Mediterranean with a pair of torpedoes and 12 shells. Three days later, she hit the 2,762 GRT cargo ship SS Armuru with a single torpedo. The ship was beached to prevent her from sinking and became a constructive total loss.