January 24

Pre-1600

 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula.
 * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt.
 * 1438 – The Council of Basel suspends Pope Eugene IV.
 * 1458 – Matthias Corvinus is elected King of Hungary.
 * 1536 – King Henry VIII of England suffers an accident while jousting, leading to a brain injury that historians say may have influenced his later erratic behaviour and possible impotence.

1601–1900

 * 1651 – Arauco War: Spanish and Mapuche authorities meet in the Parliament of Boroa renewing the fragile peace established at the parliaments of Quillín in 1641 and 1647.
 * 1679 – King Charles II of England dissolves the Cavalier Parliament.
 * 1742 – Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
 * 1758 – During the Seven Years' War the leading burghers of Königsberg submit to Elizabeth of Russia, thus forming Russian Prussia (until 1763).
 * 1817 – Crossing of the Andes: Many soldiers of Juan Gregorio de las Heras are captured during the action of Picheuta.
 * 1835 – Slaves in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, stage a revolt, which is instrumental in ending slavery there 50 years later.
 * 1848 – California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill near Sacramento.
 * 1857 – The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia.
 * 1859 – The United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (later named Romania) is formed as a personal union under the rule of Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
 * 1900 – Second Boer War: Boers stop a British attempt to break the Siege of Ladysmith in the Battle of Spion Kop.

1901–present

 * 1908 – The first Boy Scout troop is organized in England by Robert Baden-Powell.
 * 1915 – World War I: British Grand Fleet battle cruisers under Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty engage Rear-Admiral Franz von Hipper's battle cruisers in the Battle of Dogger Bank.
 * 1916 – In Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., the Supreme Court of the United States declares the federal income tax constitutional.
 * 1918 – The Gregorian calendar is introduced in Russia by decree of the Council of People's Commissars effective February 14 (New Style).
 * 1933 – The 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, changing the beginning and end of terms for all elected federal offices.
 * 1935 – Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company starts selling the first canned beer.
 * 1939 – The deadliest earthquake in Chilean history strikes Chillán, killing approximately 28,000 people.
 * 1942 – World War II: The Allies bombard Bangkok, leading Thailand, then under Japanese control, to declare war against the United States and United Kingdom.
 * 1943 – World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca.
 * 1946 – The United Nations General Assembly passes its first resolution to establish the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission.
 * 1960 – Algerian War: Some units of European volunteers in Algiers stage an insurrection known as the "barricades week", during which they seize government buildings and clash with local police.
 * 1961 – Goldsboro B-52 crash: A bomber carrying two H-bombs breaks up in mid-air over North Carolina. The uranium core of one weapon remains lost.
 * 1966 – Air India Flight 101 crashes into Mont Blanc.
 * 1968 – Vietnam War: The 1st Australian Task Force launches Operation Coburg against the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong during wider fighting around Long Bình and Biên Hòa.
 * 1972 – Japanese Sgt. Shoichi Yokoi is found hiding in a Guam jungle, where he had been since the end of World War II.
 * 1977 – The Atocha massacre occurs in Madrid during the Spanish transition to democracy.
 * 1978 – Soviet satellite Kosmos 954, with a nuclear reactor on board, burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. Only 1% is recovered.
 * 1984 – Apple Computer places the Macintosh personal computer on sale in the United States.
 * 1986 – The Voyager 2 space probe makes its closest approach to Uranus.
 * 1987 – About 20,000 protestors march in a civil rights demonstration in Forsyth County, Georgia, United States.
 * 1989 – Notorious serial killer Ted Bundy, with over 30 known victims, is executed by the electric chair at the Florida State Prison.
 * 1990 – Japan launches Hiten, the country's first lunar probe, the first robotic lunar probe since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 in 1976, and the first lunar probe launched by a country other than Soviet Union or the United States.
 * 2003 – The United States Department of Homeland Security officially begins operation.
 * 2009 – Cyclone Klaus makes landfall near Bordeaux, France, causing 26 deaths as well as extensive disruptions to public transport and power supplies.
 * 2011 – At least 35 are killed and 180 injured in a bombing at Moscow's Domodedovo Airport.
 * 2018 – Former doctor Larry Nassar is sentenced up to 175 years in prison after being found guilty of using his position to sexually abuse female gymnasts.

Pre-1600

 * 76 – Hadrian, Roman emperor (d. 138)
 * 1287 – Richard de Bury, English bishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1345)
 * 1444 – Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. 1476)
 * 1547 – Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Austrian Archduchess (d. 1578)

1601–1900

 * 1602 – Mildmay Fane, 2nd Earl of Westmorland, English politician (d. 1666)
 * 1619 – Yamazaki Ansai, Japanese philosopher (d. 1682)
 * 1643 – Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, English poet and politician, Lord Chamberlain of Great Britain (d. 1706)
 * 1664 – John Vanbrugh, English architect and dramatist (d. 1726)
 * 1670 – William Congreve, English playwright and poet (d. 1729)
 * 1672 – Margrave Albert Frederick of Brandenburg-Schwedt, German Lieutenant General (d. 1731)
 * 1674 – Thomas Tanner, English bishop (d. 1735)
 * 1679 – Christian Wolff, German philosopher and academic (d. 1754)
 * 1684 – Charles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg, German noble (d. 1737)
 * 1705 – Farinelli, Italian castrato singer (d. 1782)
 * 1709 – Dom Bédos de Celles, French monk and organist (d. 1779)
 * 1712 – Frederick the Great, Prussian king (d. 1786)
 * 1732 – Pierre Beaumarchais, French playwright and financier (d. 1799)
 * 1739 – Jean Nicolas Houchard, French General of the French Revolution (d. 1793)
 * 1746 – Gustav III of Sweden (d. 1792)
 * 1749 – Charles James Fox, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 1806)
 * 1754 – Andrew Ellicott, American soldier and surveyor (d. 1820)
 * 1761 – Louis Klein, French general (d. 1845)
 * 1763 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, French-Ukrainian general and politician (d. 1831)
 * 1776 – E. T. A. Hoffmann, German jurist, author, and composer (d. 1822)
 * 1787 – Christian Ludwig Brehm, German pastor and ornithologist (d. 1864)
 * 1804 – Delphine de Girardin, French author (d. 1855)
 * 1814 – Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, French Crown Princess (d. 1858)
 * 1814  – John Colenso, British mathematician (d. 1883)
 * 1816 – Wilhelm Henzen, German philologist and epigraphist (d. 1887)
 * 1828 – Ferdinand Cohn, German biologist (d. 1898)
 * 1829 – Yechiel Michel Epstein, Rabbi and posek (d. 1908)
 * 1836 – Signe Rink, Greenland-born Danish writer and ethnologist (d. 1909)
 * 1843 – Josip Stadler, Croatian archbishop (d. 1918)
 * 1848 – Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (d. 1916)
 * 1850 – Hermann Ebbinghaus, German psychologist (d. 1909)
 * 1853 – Sigbert Josef Maria Ganser, German psychiatrist (d. 1931)
 * 1856 – Friedrich Grünanger, Transylvanian Hungarian-German architect (d. 1929)
 * 1858 – Constance Naden, English poet and philosopher (d. 1889)
 * 1862 – Edith Wharton, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1937)
 * 1863 – August Adler, Czech and Austrian mathematician (d. 1923)
 * 1864 – Marguerite Durand, French actress, journalist, and activist (d. 1936)
 * 1864  – Gaetano Giardino, Italian soldier and Marshal of Italy (d. 1935)
 * 1866 – Jaan Poska, Estonian lawyer and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1920)
 * 1869 – Helena Maud Brown Cobb, American educator and missionary (d. 1922)
 * 1870 – Herbert Kilpin, English footballer (d. 1916)
 * 1871 – Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic, Czech poet, writer and literary critic (d. 1951)
 * 1871  – Thomas Jaggar, American volcanologist (d. 1953)
 * 1872 – Yuly Aykhenvald, Russian literary critic (d. 1928)
 * 1872  – Konstantin Bogaevsky, Russian painter (d. 1943)
 * 1872  – Morris Travers, English chemist and academic (d. 1961)
 * 1873 – Dmitry Ushakov, Russian philologist and lexicographer (d. 1942)
 * 1882 – Harold D. Babcock, American astronomer (d. 1968)
 * 1882  – Ödön Bodor, Hungarian athlete (d. 1927)
 * 1886 – Henry King, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1982)
 * 1887 – Jean-Henri Humbert, French botanist (d. 1967)
 * 1888 – Vicki Baum, Austrian author and screenwriter (d. 1960)
 * 1888  – Ernst Heinkel, German engineer and businessman, founded the Heinkel Aircraft Manufacturing Company (d. 1958)
 * 1889 – Victor Eftimiu, Romanian poet and playwright (d. 1972)
 * 1889  – Charles Hawes, American historian and author (d. 1923)
 * 1889  – Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke, German general of paratroop forces during World War II (d. 1968)
 * 1891 – Walter Model, German field marshal (d. 1945)
 * 1892 – Franz Aigner, Austrian weightlifter (d. 1970)
 * 1895 – Eugen Roth, German poet and songwriter (d. 1976)
 * 1897 – Paul Fejos, Hungarian-born American director (d. 1963)
 * 1899 – Hoyt Vandenberg, U.S. Air Force general (d. 1954)
 * 1900  – René Guillot, French writer (d. 1969)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Harry Calder, South African cricketer (d. 1995)
 * 1901  – Cassandre, French painter (d. 1968)
 * 1901  – Edward Turner, English engineer (d. 1973)
 * 1905 – J. Howard Marshall, American lawyer and businessman (d. 1995)
 * 1906 – Wilfred Jackson, American animator and composer (d. 1988)
 * 1907 – Maurice Couve de Murville, French soldier and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1999)
 * 1907  – Jean Daetwyler, Swiss composer and musician (d. 1994)
 * 1907  – Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, fourth Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 1979)
 * 1909 – Martin Lings, English author and scholar (d. 2005)
 * 1909  – Ester Šimerová-Martinčeková, Slovak painter (d. 2005)
 * 1910 – Doris Haddock, American political activist (d. 2010)
 * 1912 – Frederick Ashworth, American admiral (d. 2005)
 * 1913 – Norman Dello Joio, American organist and composer (d. 2008)
 * 1915 – Vítězslava Kaprálová, Czech composer and conductor (d. 1940)
 * 1915  – Robert Motherwell, American painter and academic (d. 1991)
 * 1916 – Rafael Caldera, Venezuelan lawyer and politician, 65th President of Venezuela (d. 2009)
 * 1916  – Gene Mako, Hungarian-American tennis player and actor (d. 2013)
 * 1917 – Ernest Borgnine, American actor (d. 2012)
 * 1917  – Wilhelmus Demarteau, Dutch prelate of the Roman Catholic Church (d. 2012)
 * 1918 – Oral Roberts, American evangelist, founded Oral Roberts University and Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association (d. 2009)
 * 1918  – Gottfried von Einem, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1996)
 * 1919 – Coleman Francis, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1973)
 * 1919  – Leon Kirchner, American composer and educator (d. 2009)
 * 1920 – Jimmy Forrest, American saxophonist (d. 1980)
 * 1920  – Jerry Maren, American actor (d. 2018)
 * 1922 – Daniel Boulanger, French actor and screenwriter (d. 2014)
 * 1922  – Neil Franklin, English footballer (d. 1996)
 * 1924 – Brian Bevan, Australian rugby league player (d. 1991)
 * 1924  – Karpoori Thakur, Indian politician, 11th Chief Minister of Bihar (d. 1988)
 * 1925 – Gus Mortson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2015)
 * 1925  – Maria Tallchief, American ballerina and actress (d. 2013)
 * 1926 – Ruth Asawa, American sculptor (d. 2013)
 * 1926  – Georges Lautner, French director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
 * 1927 – Paula Hawkins, American politician (d. 2009)
 * 1928 – Desmond Morris, English zoologist, ethologist, and painter
 * 1928  – Michel Serrault, French actor (d. 2007)
 * 1930 – Terence Bayler, New Zealand actor (d. 2016)
 * 1930  – Mahmoud Farshchian, Iranian-Persian painter and academic
 * 1930  – John Romita Sr., American comic book artist (d. 2023)
 * 1931 – Lars Hörmander, Swedish mathematician and academic (d. 2012)
 * 1931  – Ib Nørholm, Danish composer and organist (d. 2019)
 * 1932 – Éliane Radigue, French electronic music composer
 * 1933 – Kamran Baghirov, the 12th First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party (d. 2000)
 * 1933  – Asim Ferhatović, Bosnian footballer (d. 1987)
 * 1934 – Leonard Goldberg, American producer (d. 2019)
 * 1934  – Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet and dramatist (d. 1976)
 * 1935 – Shivabalayogi, Indian religious leader (d. 1994)
 * 1936 – Doug Kershaw, American fiddle player and singer
 * 1937 – Trevor Edwards, Welsh footballer
 * 1938 – Julius Hemphill, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1995)
 * 1939 – Renate Garisch-Culmberger, German shot putter (d. 2023)
 * 1939  – Ray Stevens, American singer-songwriter and actor
 * 1940 – Vito Acconci, American designer (d. 2017)
 * 1940  – Joachim Gauck, German pastor and politician, 11th President of Germany
 * 1941 – Neil Diamond, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1941  – Aaron Neville, American singer
 * 1941  – Dan Shechtman, Israeli chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
 * 1942 – Ingo Friedrich, German Member of the European Parliament
 * 1942  – Gary Hart, American wrestler and manager (d. 2008)
 * 1943 – Barry Mealand, English footballer (d. 2013)
 * 1943  – Peter Struck, German lawyer and politician, 13th German Federal Minister of Defence (d. 2012)
 * 1943  – Sharon Tate, American model and actress (d. 1969)
 * 1943  – Tony Trimmer, English race car driver
 * 1943  – Manuel Velázquez, Spanish footballer (d. 2016)
 * 1944 – David Gerrold, American science fiction screenwriter and author
 * 1944  – Gian-Franco Kasper, Swiss ski official (d. 2021)
 * 1945 – John Garamendi, American football player and politician, 1st United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior
 * 1945  – Subhash Ghai, Indian director, producer and screenwriter
 * 1945  – Eva Janko, Austrian javelin thrower
 * 1946 – Michael Ontkean, Canadian actor
 * 1947 – Giorgio Chinaglia, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
 * 1947  – Michio Kaku, American physicist and academic
 * 1947  – Masashi Ozaki, Japanese baseball player and golfer
 * 1947  – Warren Zevon, American singer-songwriter (d. 2003)
 * 1948 – Michael Des Barres, the 26th Marquis Des Barres, English musician, actor, and DJ
 * 1949 – John Belushi, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1982)
 * 1949  – Bart Gordon, American lawyer
 * 1949  – Nadezhda Ilyina, Russian athlete and mother of Russian tennis player Nadia Petrova (d. 2013)
 * 1949  – Rihoko Yoshida, Japanese voice actress
 * 1950 – Daniel Auteuil, French actor, director, and screenwriter
 * 1951 – Yakov Smirnoff, Ukrainian-American comedian and actor
 * 1953 – Yuri Bashmet, Russian violinist, viola player, and conductor
 * 1953  – Moon Jae-in, South Korean politician, 19th President of South Korea
 * 1954 – Jo Gartner, Austrian race car driver (d. 1986)
 * 1955 – Jim Montgomery, American swimmer
 * 1955  – Alan Sokal, American physicist and author
 * 1955  – Lynda Weinman, American businesswoman and author
 * 1956 – Agus Martowardojo, governor of Bank Indonesia
 * 1957 – Mark Eaton, American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2021)
 * 1957  – Ade Edmondson, English comedian and musician
 * 1958 – Kim Eui-kon, Korean wrestler (d. 2014)
 * 1958  – Jools Holland, English singer-songwriter and pianist
 * 1958  – Frank Ullrich, German biathlete
 * 1959 – Akira Maeda, Japanese wrestler, mixed martial artist, and actor
 * 1959  – Michel Preud'homme, Belgian footballer and manager
 * 1960 – Jack Neo, Singaporean filmmaker, director and actor
 * 1961 – Jorge Barrios, Uruguayan footballer
 * 1961  – Guido Buchwald, German footballer and manager
 * 1961  – Christa Kinshofer, German ski racer
 * 1961  – Nastassja Kinski, German-American actress and producer
 * 1961  – William Van Dijck, Belgian runner
 * 1963 – Arnold Vanderlyde, Dutch boxer
 * 1965 – Mike Awesome, American wrestler (d. 2007)
 * 1965  – Carlos Saldanha, Brazilian-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1965  – Margaret Urlich, New Zealand singer-songwriter (d. 2022)
 * 1965  – Pagonis Vakalopoulos, Greek footballer and manager
 * 1966 – Julie Dreyfus, French actress
 * 1966  – Karin Viard, French actress
 * 1967 – Michael Kiske, German singer
 * 1967  – Phil LaMarr, American actor and comedian
 * 1968 – Fernando Escartín, Spanish cyclist
 * 1968  – Tymerlan Huseynov, Ukrainian footballer
 * 1968  – Antony Garrett Lisi, American theoretical physicist
 * 1968  – Mary Lou Retton, American gymnast
 * 1969 – Yoo Ho-jeong, South Korean actress
 * 1969  – Carlos Rômulo Gonçalves e Silva, Brazilian religious leader, Bishop of Montenegro
 * 1970 – Roberto Bonano, Argentine footballer
 * 1970  – Luke Egan, Australian surfer
 * 1970  – Neil Johnson, Zimbabwean cricketer
 * 1970  – Matthew Lillard, American actor
 * 1971 – José Carlos Fernandez, Bolivian footballer
 * 1972 – Beth Hart, American singer-songwriter and musician
 * 1974 – Cyril Despres, French rally racer
 * 1974  – Ed Helms, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1974  – Melissa Tkautz, Australian actress and singer
 * 1974  – Rokia Traoré, Malian singer
 * 1975 – Gianluca Basile, Italian former professional basketball player
 * 1975  – Rónald Gómez, Costa Rican footballer and manager
 * 1975  – Reto Hug, Swiss triathlete
 * 1975  – Henna Raita, Finnish alpine skier
 * 1976 – Shae-Lynn Bourne, Canadian ice dancer, coach, and choreographer
 * 1976  – Cindy Pieters, Belgian cyclist
 * 1977 – Andrija Gerić, Serbian volleyball player
 * 1977  – Michelle Hunziker, Swiss-Dutch actress, model and singer
 * 1978 – Veerle Baetens, Belgian actress and singer
 * 1978  – Mark Hildreth, Canadian actor and musician
 * 1978  – Kristen Schaal, American actress, voice artist, comedian and writer
 * 1979 – Tatyana Ali, American actress and singer
 * 1979  – Leandro Desábato, Argentinian footballer
 * 1979  – Busy Signal, Jamaican dancehall reggae artist
 * 1979  – Nik Wallenda, American acrobat
 * 1980 – Jofre Mateu, Spanish footballer
 * 1980  – Suzy, Portuguese singer
 * 1981 – Carrie Coon, American actress
 * 1981  – Mario Eggimann, Swiss footballer
 * 1981  – Zaur Hashimov, Azerbaijani footballer and manager
 * 1981  – Elena Kolomina, Kazakhstani cross country skier
 * 1982 – Céline Deville, French footballer
 * 1982  – Daveed Diggs, American actor, rapper and singer
 * 1982  – Claudia Heill, Austrian judoka (d. 2011)
 * 1982  – Aitor Hernández, Spanish racing cyclist
 * 1983 – Davide Biondini, Italian footballer
 * 1983  – Wyatt Crockett, New Zealand rugby player
 * 1983  – Evgeny Drattsev, Russian swimmer
 * 1983  – Craig Horner, Australian actor and musician
 * 1983  – Shaun Maloney, Scottish footballer
 * 1983  – Scott Speed, American race car driver
 * 1984 – Justin Baldoni, American actor, director, and producer
 * 1984  – Emerse Faé, French-Ivorian footballer
 * 1984  – Yotam Halperin, Israeli basketball player
 * 1984  – Jung Jin-sun, South Korean fencer
 * 1984  – Scott Kazmir, American baseball player
 * 1984  – Paulo Sérgio, Portuguese footballer
 * 1985 – Fabiana Claudino, Brazilian volleyball player
 * 1985  – Trey Gilder, American basketball player
 * 1986 – Cristiano Araújo, Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
 * 1986  – Mischa Barton, English-American actress
 * 1986  – Tyler Flowers, American baseball player
 * 1986  – Vladislav Ivanov, Russian footballer
 * 1986  – Michael Kightly, English footballer
 * 1986  – Sean McVay, American football coach
 * 1986  – Mohammad Bagheri Motamed, Iranian taekwondo practitioner
 * 1986  – Ricky Ullman, Israeli-American actor
 * 1987 – Brian Cushing, American football player
 * 1987  – Wayne Hennessey, Welsh footballer
 * 1987  – Luis Suárez, Uruguayan footballer
 * 1987  – Davide Valsecchi, Italian racing driver
 * 1987  – Kia Vaughn, American-Czech basketball player
 * 1987  – Guan Xin, Chinese basketball player
 * 1988 – Selina Jörg, German snowboarder
 * 1988  – DaJuan Summers, American basketball player
 * 1989 – Serdar Kesimal, Turkish footballer
 * 1989  – Gong Lijiao, Chinese shot putter
 * 1989  – Whit Merrifield, American baseball player
 * 1989  – José Quintana, Colombian baseball player
 * 1989  – Ki Sung-yueng, South Korean footballer
 * 1990 – Mao Abe, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1991 – Zhan Beleniuk, Ukrainian Greco-Roman wrestler
 * 1991  – Tatiana Kashirina, Russian weightlifter
 * 1991  – Zack Kassian, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1991  – Zé Luís, Cape Verdean footballer
 * 1991  – Li Xuerui, Chinese badminton player
 * 1992 – Phiwa Nkambule, South African entrepreneur
 * 1992  – Felitciano Zschusschen, Curaçao footballer
 * 1994 – Tommie Hoban, English footballer
 * 1995 – Dylan Everett, Canadian actor
 * 1997 – Nirei Fukuzumi, Japanese racer
 * 1999 – Vitalie Damașcan, Moldovan footballer
 * 1999  – Tristan Wirfs, American football player
 * 2003 – Johnny Orlando, Canadian singer and songwriter
 * 2012 – Princess Athena of Denmark

Pre-1600

 * 41 – Caligula, Roman emperor (b. 12)
 * 817 – Pope Stephen IV (b. 770)
 * 901 – Liu Jishu, general of the Tang Dynasty
 * 1046 – Eckard II, Margrave of Meissen (b. c. 985)
 * 1125 – David IV of Georgia (b. 1073)
 * 1336 – Alfonso IV of Aragon (b. 1299)
 * 1376 – Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, English commander (b. 1306)
 * 1473 – Conrad Paumann, German organist and composer (b. 1410)
 * 1525 – Franciabigio, Florentine painter (b. 1482)
 * 1595 – Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (b. 1529)

1601–1900

 * 1626 – Samuel Argall, English captain and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1572)
 * 1639 – Jörg Jenatsch, Swiss pastor and politician (b. 1596)
 * 1666 – Johann Andreas Herbst, German composer and theorist (b. 1588)
 * 1709 – George Rooke, English admiral and politician (b. 1650)
 * 1877 – Johann Christian Poggendorff, German physicist and journalist (b. 1796)
 * 1881 – James Collinson, English painter (b. 1825)
 * 1883 – Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (b. 1812)
 * 1895 – Lord Randolph Churchill, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1849)

1901–present

 * 1920 – Percy French, Irish songwriter, entertainer and artist (b. 1854)
 * 1920 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1884)
 * 1939 – Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician, created Muesli (b. 1867)
 * 1943 – John Burns, English trade union leader and politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (b. 1858)
 * 1960 – Edwin Fischer, Swiss pianist and conductor (b. 1886)
 * 1961 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American pole vaulter and businessman, founded the A. C. Gilbert Company (b. 1884)
 * 1962 – André Lhote, French sculptor and painter (b. 1885)
 * 1962  – Stanley Lord, English naval captain (b. 1877)
 * 1962  – Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish author, poet, and scholar (b. 1901)
 * 1965 – Winston Churchill, English statesman, soldier, and writer, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
 * 1966 – Homi J. Bhabha, Indian physicist and academic (b. 1909)
 * 1970 – Caresse Crosby, American fashion designer and publisher, co-founded the Black Sun Press (b. 1891)
 * 1971 – Bill W., American activist, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (b. 1895)
 * 1973 – J. Carrol Naish, American actor (b. 1896)
 * 1975 – Larry Fine, American comedian (b. 1902)
 * 1982 – Alfredo Ovando Candía, Bolivian general and politician, 56th President of Bolivia (b. 1918)
 * 1983 – George Cukor, American director and producer (b. 1899)
 * 1986 – L. Ron Hubbard, American religious leader and author, founded the Church of Scientology (b. 1911)
 * 1986  – Gordon MacRae, American actor and singer (b. 1921)
 * 1988 – Werner Fenchel, German-Danish mathematician and academic (b. 1905)
 * 1989 – Ted Bundy, American serial killer (b. 1946)
 * 1990 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (b. 1899)
 * 1991 – Jack Schaefer, American journalist and author (b. 1907)
 * 1992 – Ken Darby, American composer and conductor (b. 1909)
 * 1993 – Gustav Ernesaks, Estonian composer and conductor (b. 1908)
 * 1993  – Thurgood Marshall, American lawyer and jurist, 32nd United States Solicitor General (b. 1908)
 * 1993  – Uğur Mumcu, Turkish investigative journalist (b. 1942)
 * 2001 – Gaffar Okkan, Turkish police chief (b. 1952)
 * 2002 – Elie Hobeika, Lebanese commander and politician (b. 1956)
 * 2003 – Gianni Agnelli, Italian businessman (b. 1921)
 * 2004 – Leônidas, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1913)
 * 2006 – Schafik Handal, Salvadoran politician (b. 1930)
 * 2007 – Krystyna Feldman, Polish actress (b. 1916)
 * 2007  – İsmail Cem İpekçi, Turkish journalist and politician, 45th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1940)
 * 2007  – Guadalupe Larriva, Ecuadorian academic and politician (b. 1956)
 * 2007  – Emiliano Mercado del Toro, Puerto Rican-American soldier (b. 1891)
 * 2008 – Usha Narayanan, Burmese-born First Lady of India (b. 1922)
 * 2010  – Pernell Roberts, American actor (b. 1928)
 * 2011 – Bernd Eichinger, German director and producer (b. 1949)
 * 2014 – Shulamit Aloni, Israeli lawyer and politician, 11th Israeli Minister of Education (b. 1928)
 * 2014  – Rafael Pineda Ponce, Honduran academic and politician (b. 1930)
 * 2015 – Otto Carius, German lieutenant and pharmacist (b. 1922)
 * 2016 – Fredrik Barth, German-Norwegian anthropologist and academic (b. 1928)
 * 2016  – Marvin Minsky, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1927)
 * 2016  – Henry Worsley, English colonel and explorer (b. 1960)
 * 2017 – Helena Kmieć, Polish Roman Catholic missionary (b. 1991)
 * 2017 – Butch Trucks, American drummer (b. 1947)
 * 2018 – Mark E. Smith, British singer-songwriter (b. 1957)
 * 2019 – Rosemary Bryant Mariner, American United States Naval Aviator (b. 1953)

Holidays and observances

 * Christian feast day:
 * Babylas of Antioch
 * Cadoc (Wales)
 * Exuperantius of Cingoli
 * Felician of Foligno
 * Francis de Sales
 * Pratulin Martyrs (Greek Catholic Church)
 * January 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Day of the Unification of the Romanian Principalities (Romania)
 * Feast of Our Lady of Peace (Roman Catholic Church), and its related observances:
 * Feria de Alasitas (La Paz)
 * Uttar Pradesh Day (Uttar Pradesh, India)
 * National Girl Child Day (India)