Jewish commonwealth

Jewish commonwealth may refer to:


 * First Jewish commonwealth: the ancient Israelite kingdoms, see History of ancient Israel and Judah
 * Second Jewish Commonwealth, or Second Temple period, a period in Jewish history between 530 BCE and 70 CE
 * Third Jewish commonwealth: the State of Israel
 * a concept for the Jewish state
 * Biltmore Conference, the proposal of establishing Palestine as a Jewish Commonwealth, prior to the establishment of Israel