Jhang

Jhang (Punjabi and Urdu: ; ; ) is the capital city of Jhang District in central Punjab, Pakistan. Situated on the east bank of the Chenab river, it is the 18th most populous city of Pakistan.

Etymology
The historical name of the city and district is Jhang Sial. The word Jhang is derived from the Sanskrit word jāṅgala which means rough or forested terrain; the word Jungle also shares the same root. Jhang Sial was the historic name of the city, literally meaning the "terrain of the Sials".

History
The city of Jhang was built in 1288 by Rai Sial, a chief of the Sial tribe. The Sial tribe, his kin, ruled over this region ever since then until the last Sial ruler of Jhang, Ahmad Khan (1812 to 1822) was defeated by Ranjit Singh after a fierce fighting.

Under the collective rule of the Sial Khans of Jhang and other Sial sub-tribes such as the Rajbana and Bharwana, in the zenith of their power, the Sial country of Jhang extended up to the Muzafargarh boundary in the south, and the entirety of Chiniot, Kamalia and Kabirwala. The territory extended to parts of Bhakkar and Sargodha. The Garh Mahraja and Ahmadpur Sial were added to the possessions of the Rajbana Sial tribe who drove out the Baloch tribes to the Thal and defeated the Nawab of Multan by the mid 17th century.

Under the British Raj, the towns of Jhang and Mighiana, lying 2 mi apart, became a joint municipality, then known as Jhang-Maghiana.

Geography
Jhang Sadr is located at 31.27 latitude and 72.33 longitude and is situated at an elevation of 158 meters above sea level.

Jhang is situated at the East bank of Chenab which has confluence with Jhelum at Trimmu Barrage near the town of Athara Hazari. The city was endangered in the 2014 floods but it was not flooded as the flood water was redirected towards Athara Hazari. there are three river in jhang such as chenab river jhelum river and river ravi is also touch with the boundary of District Jhang near Ahmadpur Sial. Maghiana lies on the edge of the highlands, overlooking the alluvial valley of the Chenab, while the older town of Jhang occupies the lowlands at its foot.

Demographics
The population of city in 1998 Census of Pakistan was recorded as 293,366. According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of city rose to 414,131 with a growth of 41.17% in 19 years.

Administration
Jhang Saddar is the administrative center of Jhang Tehsil (a subdivision of the district). The tehsil itself is divided into 55 Union councils.

Education

 * Virtual University of Pakistan (Jhang Campus)
 * Lahore College for Women University (Jhang Campus)
 * University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Jhang Campus)
 * Government Post Graduate College
 * Chenab College Jhang
 * University of Jhang
 * Punjab Group of Colleges
 * Superior Group of Colleges
 * Dar-e-Arqam Schools
 * Cambridge Grammar School
 * Beaconhouse School System
 * The City School

Scientists

 * Abdus Salam, first Pakistani Nobel Laureate (Physics).
 * Yash Pal, Indian scientist.
 * Har Gobind Khorana, Indian American biochemist

Politicians

 * Khan Arif Khan Rajbana, former federal and provincial minister, honourable Chief Whip of All-India Muslim League and a close associate of the Quaid-e-Azam
 * Syeda Abida Hussain, former Pakistani Ambassador to USA and Federal minister.
 * Mian Muhammad Azam, former member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab.
 * Faisal Saleh Hayat, former Interior Minister of Pakistan and FIFA official.
 * Nazir Sultan, former Member National Assembly.
 * Mahboob Sultan, Federal minister.
 * Ghulam Bibi Bharwana, Member National Assembly.
 * Najaf Abbas, former member of National Assembly and Provincial Assembly.
 * Waqas Akram, former minister of state for Labour and Manpower
 * Haq Nawaz Jhangvi, Pakistani cleric, founder of Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan and namesake of Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
 * Azam Tariq, Pakistani politician, religious leader, member of national assembly, leader of sunni-Deoband Muslim organization 'Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan'
 * Masroor Nawaz Jhangvi, Pakistani Islamic cleric and politician, Member of Provincial Assembly (MPA) Punjab, son of Haq Nawaz Jhangvi
 * Zahoor Ahmed Sajid, former Member of Provincial Assembly.
 * Ch Iftikhar Ali Jatt,former nizam of Jhang city.

Police Officers

 * Tariq Saleem Dogar, Former IGP Punjab

Sports personalities

 * Aleem Dar, cricketer and umpire
 * Ghulam Shabber, UAE cricket player

Literary personalities

 * Majeed Amjad, Urdu poet
 * Nasir Abbas Nayyar, Pakistani Urdu language columnist
 * Ishtiaq Ahmad, Urdu fiction writer

Religious figures

 * Sultan Bahu, founder of the Sarwari Qadiri Sufi order
 * Shah Jeewna, founder of Qalandariyya Sufi order

Business people

 * Sheikh Waqas Akram, founder of Shalimar Transport

Sister cities
Jhang has one sister city:
 * Madera, California