Jinzhou, Dalian

Jinzhou District is one of the seven districts of Dalian, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It is located about 20 km northeast of the city centre and faces the Bohai Sea to the west as well as the Korea Bay to the east and has a longer history than Dalian itself, and used to be a thriving walled city where the officials of this area were dispatched from the central government. Recently, it is again a thriving town, having Dalian Development Area within its area as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian. Its area is 1352.54 km2 and its permanent population is 1,102,773.



History
Before Russia coerced a lease of the Lüshun Naval Port from the Qing dynasty and established Dalian as a commercial port in 1898, Jinzhou was the center of this region, a thriving walled town, to which the central government official was dispatched to rule this region.


 * Three Kingdoms
 * A revolt in Liaodong Peninsula (239 A.D.)
 * Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties
 * Emperor Li Shimin (Emperor Taizong of Tang) and his army campaigned against Goguryeu and captured the Bisa (, Beisha) fortification, on Dahei Mountain, Jinzhou (645).
 * Government official was sent to a town which was renamed Jinzhou (1218)
 * Ming dynasty
 * Qing dynasty
 * Japan occupied Liaodong Peninsula including Jinzhou during the Sino-Japanese War and tried to lease it (1894), but returned it as the results of the Triple Intervention by France, Germany and Russia, with Russia swiftly coercing a lease soon afterwards.
 * Japan re-occupied Liaodong Peninsula during the Russo-Japanese War (1904) and leases it as Kwantung Leased Territory (1905)
 * Republic of China
 * Japan's lease agreement was extended to 99 years, until 1999 (1915)
 * The Soviet forces advanced to Jinzhou and the Communist Party-led Jinzhou Prefectural Government was established (1945)
 * People's Republic of China
 * Jinzhou became part of Lüda City (旅大市) (1950)
 * After becoming part of Liaonan Special Zone (1966), Jinzhou was returned to Lüda City (1969), which was later renamed as Dalian City (1981)

Recently, it is again a thriving District, having Dalian Development Area within it as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian.

Geography

 * 1074.6 square kilometers of land
 * 20 kilometers northeast of the downtown Dalian
 * Pulandian District to the north, Ganjingzi District to the south, the Yellow Sea to the east and the Bohai Sea to the west
 * Highest point: Dahei Mountain, 662 meters above sea level
 * In winter, the Yellow Sea side of Jinzhou District does not freeze, but the Bohai Sea side freezes in January and February

Administrative divisions
There are 25 subdistricts within the district.

Subdistricts:

Transportation

 * Jinzhou Railway Station on the Dalian-Shenyang-Harbin Railway (former South Manchurian Railway)
 * Dalian-Shenyang-Harbin and Dalian-Dandong-Shenyang Expressways
 * Dalian Railway Station-Dalian Development Area-Golden Pebble Beach (Line 3 of Dalian Metro)

Education
Colleges and Universities
 * Dalian University
 * Dalian Minzu University

International schools
 * Dalian Maple Leaf International School
 * Dalian Korean International School (KO)
 * Dalian American International School

Tourism



 * Xiangying Square and Stalin Road for Pedestrians only
 * Former government official's office
 * Jinzhou Museum, newly built in north of Jinzhou District
 * Longwang Taoist Temple, Jinzhou Christian Church, etc.
 * South Hills, a Russo-Japanese war battleground
 * Dahei Mountain
 * Jinzhou Bay (金州湾)


 * Dalian Development Area
 * Cannon Hills, East Mountain Park, Kailun International Hot Spring Club, etc.


 * Golden Pebble Beach (金石滩) Tourist Area
 * Golden Pebble Beach Golf Course, Discovery Kingdom, etc.

Eight Views of Old Jinzhou
The Eight Views of Old Jinzhou are:
 * Shengshui Temple (Buddhist, Dahei Mountain)
 * Xiangshui Temple (Taoist, Dahei Mountain)
 * Chaoyang Temple (Buddhist, Dahei Mountain)
 * Beisha Castle (Dahei Mountain)
 * Yuhuang Temple (Taoist)
 * Diaojingtai
 * Longwang Temple (Taoist)
 * Mengzhen Cave