Karrat Fjord

Karrat Fjord (Karrats Fjord) is a fjord in Avannaata municipality in western Greenland.

Geography
Karrat Fjord has its mouth in the Nordost Bay of the Baffin Bay. The head of the fjord is formed by a number of tributaries, including the Rink Glacier, Ingia Glacier, and Umiamako Glacier fjords, as well as the Ukkusissat Fjord.

The fjord heads to the southwest, with Qeqertarsuaq Island, Illorsuit Island, and Upernivik Island near its mouth.

History
The coast of Karrat Fjord has been the scene of large landslides, one of which generated a megatsunami:


 * On 1 September 2009, a landslide consisting of 2,800,000 m3 of material occurred on the south-facing slope of the mountain Ummiammakku at 71.63889°N, -52.32111°W. It did not reach the fjord, so no tsunami occurred.
 * On 15 November 2016, another landslide occurred on the south-facing slope of Ummiammakku at 71.64°N, -52.32806°W. It consisted of 3,000,000 m3 of material, but is not known to have generated a tsunami.
 * On 17 June 2017, probably because of melting ice that destabilized the rock, 35,000,000 to 58,000,000 m3 of rock fell from an elevation of roughly 1000 m on the south-facing slope of Ummiammakku at 71.535°N, -53.2125°W. The landslide reached the fjord, generating a megatsunami with an initial wave height of 90 to 100 m. The wave struck the village of Nuugaatsiaq 20 km away, where the run-up was 9 m and the wave swept 11 buildings into the sea and killed four people. The tsunami was noted at settlements as far as 100 km away. An evacuation of 170 residents of Nuugaatsiaq and Illorsuit followed because of a danger of additional landslides and waves.   As of March 2023, the two settlements are still abandoned due to the continuing potential for landslide-generated tsunamis in the area.