Klampenborgbanen

The Klampenborg Line (Klampenborgbanen) is a railway line between Copenhagen and Klampenborg in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is the shortest (13.3 km from København H) of the six radial lines of Copenhagen's S-train network, a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Greater Copenhagen.

The line runs parallel to the Coast Line regional line from central Copenhagen until Klampenborg, and serves residential neighbourhoods in the eastern part of Gentofte Municipality as well as popular recreational destinations at Klampenborg such as the Dyrehavsbakken amusement park, the Jægersborg Dyrehave forest park or the Bellevue Beach.

History
The Klampenborg Line opened in 1863 as a branch line from the North Line (Nordbanen) between Copenhagen and Elsinore via Hillerød. The branch line was completed several months ahead of the main line, because the private railway company wanted to profit as much as possible from the summer season of 1863. The line was primarily a "picnic railway"; its terminus at Klampenborg was close to the attractions such as Dyrehavsbakken amusement park, the Jægersborg Dyrehave forest park and the Bellevue Beach. The expectations were met: the railway was an immense success from day one.

Trains on the Klampenborg Line departed from a separate station in Copenhagen, called the Klampenborg Station, located immediately north Copenhagen Central Station. In 1887, a new separate station called opened for the Klampenborg Line, and the name of the old Klampenborg station was changed to the North station. From there, the trains used the tracks of the North Line to reach Hellerup. The original route south of Hellerup was different from the current one; see Nordbanen for details. At Hellerup, the Klampenborg Line branched of from the North Line and continued north along the coast of the Øresund strait. The line originally had only one intermediate station, Charlottenlund, which served the suburb of Charlottenlund, as well as the nearby Charlottenlund Palace.

In 1897, the Klampenborg Line between Hellerup and Klampenborg became part of the Coast Line (Kystbanen) from Copenhagen to Elsinore. Over the years it became difficult to run both the local trains to Klampenborg and the Elsinore trains on the same two tracks, and a dedicated local double track from Hellerup to Klampenborg was built in 1928. Already in 1924, an additional intermediate station, Ordrup, was opened to serve the growing suburb of Ordrup.

Because of the large outing traffic (as late as 1950 Sundays were far busier than weekdays on the Klampenborg Line), the Klampenborg Line was a natural first choice when the decision to electrify the local rail traffic around Copenhagen was taken, and the first S-trains ran on the line in 1934. Since then little has changed. As much of the population has moved out from the city center the Sunday traffic has become less important, but at the same time the line has gained a modest commuter patronage on weekdays.

Service patterns
The Klampenborg radial is served by trains on service C, which stop at all stations.

Before 1979 the main service to Klampenborg was service A. Historically, service on the Klampenborg radial has often been reinforced in busy periods by ring line trains continuing northwards from Hellerup. This practice has been abandoned (so far) with the 2007 timetable; instead the frequency of the main C service is doubled most of the day.