Languages of the Iberian Peninsula

There have been many languages spoken in the Iberian Peninsula.

Pre-Roman languages


The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman occupation and the spread of the Latin language.
 * Aquitanian (probably closely related to or the same as Proto-Basque)
 * Proto-Basque
 * Iberian
 * Tartessian
 * Indo-European languages
 * Celtic languages
 * Celtiberian
 * Gallaecian
 * Lusitanian (disputed: either Italic, Celtic, Para-Celtic or other Indo-European)
 * Sorothaptic
 * Hellenic
 * Ancient Greek
 * Afro-Asiatic languages
 * Semitic languages
 * Phoenician
 * Punic

Medieval languages
The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula in medieval times, following the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
 * Medieval Basque
 * Indo-European languages
 * Germanic languages
 * Buri
 * Gothic
 * Suebian
 * Vandalic
 * Italic languages
 * Latin
 * Astur-Leonese
 * Galician-Portuguese (Old Galician)
 * Old Provençal (Old Occitan)
 * Old Castilian (Old Spanish)
 * Mozarabic
 * Navarro-Aragonese
 * Celtic languages
 * Brittonic
 * Indo-Iranian languages
 * Scythian
 * Alanic
 * Romani
 * Afro-Asiatic languages
 * Berber languages
 * Semitic languages
 * Arabic languages
 * Classical Arabic
 * Andalusian Arabic
 * Jewish languages
 * Medieval Hebrew (based on Biblical Hebrew)
 * Sephardi Hebrew
 * Judaeo-Romance languages (also classified as Italic/Latin languages)
 * Judaeo-Aragonese
 * Judaeo-Catalan
 * Judaeo-Portuguese
 * Judaeo-Spanish

Modern languages
The following indigenous languages are currently spoken in the Iberian Peninsula.

By linguistic group

 * Basque (isolate)
 * Batua
 * Biscayan
 * Gipuzkoan
 * Upper Navarrese
 * Lower Navarrese
 * Lapurdian
 * Souletin
 * Indo-European languages
 * Italic languages
 * Romance languages
 * Aragonese
 * Astur-Leonese
 * Asturian
 * Cantabrian (co-dialect with Spanish)
 * Leonese
 * Mirandese
 * Extremaduran (co-dialect with Spanish)
 * Catalan
 * Eastern Catalan
 * Northern Catalan
 * Central Catalan
 * Western Catalan
 * North-Western Catalan
 * Valencian
 * Ribagorçan (co-dialect with Aragonese)
 * Benasquese (co-dialect with Aragonese and Gascon Occitan)
 * French
 * Galician-Portuguese
 * Galician
 * Eonavian
 * Fala
 * Portuguese
 * Portuguese dialects
 * Spanish (or Castilian)
 * Spanish dialects and varieties
 * Germanic languages
 * Anglic
 * English (Gibraltar)
 * Mixed languages
 * Caló (Ibero-Romance Romani)
 * Spanish Caló
 * Catalan Caló
 * Portuguese Calão
 * Erromintxela (Basque Romani)
 * Barranquenho
 * Llanito
 * Sign languages
 * Spanish Sign Language
 * Catalan/Valencian Sign Language
 * Portuguese Sign Language
 * French Sign Language

By country

 * 🇦🇩 Andorra:
 * Catalan (official recognition)
 * Spanish
 * French
 * 🇫🇷 France (Pyrénées-Orientales):
 * French (official recognition)
 * French Sign Language (official recognition)
 * Catalan (official recognition)
 * Occitan (not in the Iberian Peninsula, official recognition)
 * 🇬🇮🇬🇧 Gibraltar (UK dependency):
 * English (official recognition)
 * British Sign Language
 * Spanish
 * Llanito
 * 🇵🇹 Portugal:
 * Portuguese (official recognition)
 * Portuguese Sign Language (official recognition)
 * Mirandese (only spoken in a small eastern area of the Norte region, near Portuguese-Spanish border; official recognition)
 * Barranquenho (spoken in the town of Barrancos, near Portuguese–Spanish border; recognized and protected)
 * Minderico (only spoken in the town of Minde)
 * 🇪🇸 Spain:
 * Spanish (also called Castilian, official recognition)
 * Spanish Sign Language (official recognition)
 * Catalan (official recognition)
 * Valencian (official recognition)
 * Catalan Sign Language (official recognition)
 * Valencian Sign Language (official recognition)
 * Galician (official recognition) and Fala
 * Eonavian (also called Galician-asturian, official recognition)
 * Basque (official recognition)
 * Aragonese (official recognition)
 * Asturian (also called Bable, official recognition)
 * Cantabrian
 * Leonese (official recognition)
 * Extremaduran
 * Occitan (not in the Iberian Peninsula, locally called Aranese, official recognition)
 * Moroccan Arabic (not in the Iberian Peninsula)
 * Riffian Berber (not in the Iberian Peninsula)