Linee Aeree Italiane Flight 451 (1956)

On 24 November 1956 the Linee Aeree Italiane Douglas DC-6B "I-LEAD" was an international scheduled passenger flight from Rome via Paris and Shannon to New York. Shortly after take off from Paris Orly Airport the airplane lost altitude and crashed into houses in the commune Paray-Vieille-Poste. 34 of the 36 people on board were killed, including Italian orchestral conductor Guido Cantelli.

On the same day another notable international scheduled passenger flight crashed, the 1956 Eglisau Ilyushin Il-12 plane crash.

Flight and crash
On 24 November 1956 the Linee Aeree Italiane Douglas DC-6B with tail number “I-LEAD” an international scheduled passenger flight from Rome via Milan, Paris and Shannon to New York. The aircraft was new, in service since 5 November 1956, making his fourth flight. The plane skipped the stopover at Milan due to fog and arrived an hour too early at Paris Orly Airport. The plane departed from Orly at 00:35am. The weather was cold and misty with a visibility of 2.2 metres. Shortly after take off the airplane was not able to elevate further. The pilot said that he was not able to reach height and would return to the airport. The airplane hit a roof of a house in commune Paray-Vieille-Poste. According to eye witnesses there was explosion and the airplane broke apart. The airplane crashed into a worker's house a few 100 metres further away. The airplane had also hit a electricity cable and there was an explosion. There was large fire, partly due to the 23000 liters fuel the airplane had on board. The two houses were destroyed. Wreckage lay up to 500 meters from the crash site. The four engines were flown all four in different directions.

Rescue operation
The local fire department and the fire department of the United States Air Force went to the fires. Shortly after the crash there were 200 policemen and firefighters at the crash area. It took until after 9am to free bodies from the wreckage. Most of the bodies were transported to the marriage chamber of the city hall of Paray-Vieille-Poste.

Victims
Initial reports reported that on the plane were 36 people on board: 26 passengers and 10 crew members. 24 passengers boarded in Rome and an additional two boarded in Paris. Later reports and the final refer stated there were not 26 but 25 passengers. The passengers consisted of one Turkish passenger, twelve American passengers and the others being Italian passengers. Nine of the ten crew members were Italian citizens; the stewardess was a French citizen. Captain Attilio Vazzoler was 41 years old and was one of the more experienced pilot of the company with more than 10 thousand hours of flight.

34 of the 35 people on board were killed: the 10 crew members and 24 passengers, including a baby. One of the passengers who was killed was Italian orchestral conductor Guido Cantelli who was the musical director of Teatro alla Scala in Milan. He who was on his way to New York to meet Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini. He was 36 years old.

In initial reports it was stated that two people survived the crash and were an Italian woman and man. They were both severely injured and fought for their lives at the hospital. In the three houses that burned down there was only one person with minor injuries. Two fireman were injured after collapsing of a wall of one of the burning houses.

Investigation
After investigation, according to the final report, the initial and direct cause of the crash are unclear. The loss of altitude after take off is mentioned to be the main cause of the crash. It’s unknown why the aircraft lost altitude however. The regulations in force were observed, however unmarked obstructions in the take off path constituted an aggravating factor. No malfunctioning of the aircraft was found. The crew was qualified and had had sufficient rest. There was a film of frost on the upper surface of the extremity of each wing, as reported by an Orly employee. It is stated that it is improbable this affected the flight.