List of Hungarian Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." In 1968, a sixth prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established.

Hungarians have won 15 Nobel Prizes since 1905. Eight were born in Budapest. Following is a complete list of the Nobel laureates of Hungary, as recognised by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. However, if persons born as Hungarian citizens are included, then the number rises to 22 in the scientific field.

Laureates
Hungarians have received Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Economics – in all fields except Peace.

Born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire

 * Leopold Ružička (Chemistry 1939) born in Vukovár (until 1920 in Hungary), Syrmia County, in the Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austro-Hungarian Empire, mostly ($5/8$) ethnic Croat
 * Ivo Andrić, born in Bosnia, Condominium of Austria-Hungary, ethnic Croat
 * Vladimir Prelog (Chemistry 1975) born in Sarajevo, Bosnia, Condominium of Austria-Hungary, (mostly) ca 5/9 ethnic Croat

Born abroad

 * Elie Wiesel (Peace 1986), Hungarian-Jewish, born in Sighet, former Máramaros County, Transylvania (until 1920 Hungary), Kingdom of Romania
 * Alfred Hermann Fried (Peace 1911) Austrian, parents Hungarian-Jewish, father from Szigetvár, Baranya County, mother from Budapest.
 * Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (Medicine 1976), US-born, parents from the Kingdom of Hungary, father ethnic Slovak from Büdöskő, Nyitra County, mother ethnic Hungarian from Debrecen
 * Milton Friedman (Economics 1976), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish, parents from Beregszász, Bereg County, Kingdom of Hungary
 * Hugh David Politzer (Physics 2004), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish; father (Aladár) from Nádszeg, Pozsony County (until 1920 Hungary), Kingdom of Hungary. His mother was also Hungarian-Jewish.

One parent Hungarian-born

 * George Stigler, (Economics 1982), US-born, hungarian mother (Erzsébet Hungler,from Bakonybél Veszprém conty),  the Kingdom of Hungary
 * Douglas Osheroff (Physics 1996), US-born, Mother's parents from upper Hungary (now Slovakia) and her fathers father Ondo was a Lutheran priest born in Felvidék, (until 1920 in the Kingdom of Hungary). Ondo/Ondó family name have the highest frequency in Hungary and among hungarians.
 * Louise Glück (Literature 2020), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish father (grandparents from Érmihályfalva, Bihar County, Partium, Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary)
 * Robert F. Furchgott, (Medicine 1998), US-born, Hungarian-Jewish father; grandfather from Sarlóska, Nyitra county, Felvidék,Kingdom of Hungary,  grandmother from Nyitra (now Nitra), Kingdom of Hungary

Nobel per capita:natural sciences
Only the awards for Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine. are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Scientific prizes per capita-10-top
Only the awards for Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Economy are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Physics prize per capita
Only the awards for Physics are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Some of the most important Hungarian physicists did not get the Nobel prize: 1.John von Neumann 2.Edward Teller 3.Theodore von Karman 4.Leo Szilard 5.Roland von Eötvös 6.Radó von Kövesligethy 7.Béla Harkányi 8.Zoltán Bay 9.Victor Szebehely 10.Kálmán Tihanyi

Chemistry prize per capita
Only the awards for Chemistry are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Some of the greatest did not win the prize: Tibor Gánti who created chemoton-theory,Csaba Horváth who construted the first High-performance liquid chromatography

Medicine Prize per capita-10-top
Only the awards for Medicine are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Economy prizes per capita-10-top
Only the awards for Economy are considered. According to citizenship at birth and countries with at least 1 million inhabitants.

Place of Birth

 * 1.Budapest:(8): von Szent-Györgyi, de Hevesy, von Békésy, Wigner, Gábor,Oláh, Harsányi, Kertész
 * 2.New York:(4)Friedman (hungarian-jewish), Gajdusek, Politzer (hungarian-jewish), Glück (1/2-hungarian-jewish)
 * 3.Vienna:(3) Fried (hungarian-jewish), Bárány, Zsigmondy
 * 4.Pozsony von Lenárd

Religion at birth

 * Roman catholics(10): von Lénárd, de Hevesy, Ruzicka(croat), Prelog (croat), Andric (croat) Stigler(r.c. HUN mother), von Békésy, Polányi, Harsányi, Krausz


 * Protestants(8): Zsigmondy(lutheran), Szent-Györgyi (reformed), Wigner (lutheran), Gábor (lutheran), Gajdusek(reformed HUN mother), Osheroff(lutheran HUN mother), Oláh (reformed), Karikó (reformed)


 * Jewish(9):Bárány(born in Austria),Fried (born in Austria), Wiesel (born in Romania, former hungarian Transsylvania), Kertész,Herskó, Politzer(born New York), Glück(born New York), Furchgott (born in US), Friedman (born New York, agnostic)