List of Jewish states and dynasties

This is a list of dynasties and states that have historically had ties to either ethnic Jews or their religion of Judaism.

Southern Levant

 * Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), c. 1047–930 BCE
 * Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), c. 930–720 BCE
 * Kingdom of Judah, c. 930–587/586 BCE
 * Hasmonean dynasty, c. 140–37 BCE
 * Herodian dynasty, 47 BCE–100 CE
 * Judean provisional government, 66–68 CE
 * Bar Kokhba Jewish state, 132–135 CE
 * State of Israel, 1948 CE–present

Wider Middle East

 * Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen, 110 BCE–525 CE
 * Nehardea, Mesopotamia, 18–33 CE (ruled by Anilai and Asinai of the Parthian Empire)
 * Adiabene, Mesopotamia, c. 30–115 CE
 * Mahoza Kingdom, Mesopotamia, 495–502 CE (established by Mar-Zutra II)

Africa

 * Kingdom of Simien, Ethiopia legendary but Gudit was thought to have reigned from 960-1000 CE following the collapse of the Kingdom of Aksum before the rise of the Zagwe dynasty in 1137 CE

Europe

 * Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated)

Proposed

 * Medieval French Jewish vassal state, 768–900 CE (purportedly established during the Reconquista)
 * Brutakhi, early 13th century Turkic polity whose Jewishness is debatable; possibly either a Khazar remnant state or Jewish splinter state from the Cuman-Kipchak Confederation