List of Sicilian monarchs

The monarchs of Sicily ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Sicily in 1130 until the "perfect fusion" in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816.

The origins of the Sicilian monarchy lie in the Norman conquest of southern Italy which occurred between the 11th and 12th century. Sicily, which was ruled as an Islamic emirate for at least two centuries, was invaded in 1071 by Norman House of Hauteville, who conquered Palermo and established a feudal county named the County of Sicily. The House of Hauteville completed their conquest of Sicily in 1091.

In 1130, the County of Sicily and the County of Apulia, ruled by different branches of the House of Hauteville, merged as the Kingdom of Sicily, and Count Roger II was crowned king by Antipope Anacletus II. In 1282, after the Sicilian Vespers, the kingdom split into separate states: the properly named "Ultra Sicily" (Siciliae ultra Pharum, Latin for "Sicily over the Strait") and "Hither Sicily" (Siciliae citra, commonly called "the Kingdom of Naples"). Definitive unification occurred in 1816, when Ferdinand IV and III made the two entities into a single state, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Kings of Sicily
Roger II received royal investiture from Antipope Anacletus II in 1130 and recognition from Pope Innocent II in 1139. The Kingdom of Sicily, which by then comprised not only the island, but also the southern third of the Italian peninsula, rapidly expanded itself to include Malta and the Mahdia, the latter if only briefly.

House of Hauteville, 1130–1198
1130–1154 || || 22 December 1095 Mileto son of Roger I of Sicily and Adelaide del Vasto || Elvira of Castile 1117 6 children
 * Roger II

Sibyl of Burgundy 1149 2 children

Beatrix of Rethel 1151 1 child || 26 February 1154 Palermo aged 58||Papal bull by Antipope Anacletus II 1154–1166 ||  || 1121 son of Roger II and Elvira of Castile|| Margaret of Navarre 4 children|| 7 May 1166 Palermo aged 45||Son of Roger II Agnatic primogeniture 1166–1189 ||  || 1155 son of William I and Margaret of Navarre|| Joan of England February 1177 1 child|| 11 November 1189 Palermo aged 34||Son of William I Agnatic primogeniture 1189–1194 (joint rule) || || 1138 illegitimate son of Roger III, Duke of Apulia|| Sibylla of Acerra 6 children|| 20 February 1194 Palermo aged 56|||Illegitimate grandson of Roger II Seizure 1193 (joint rule) || ||1175 son of Tancred of Sicily and Sibylla of Acerra || Irene Angelina no children || 24 December 1193 aged 18||Son of Tancred I Agnatic primogeniture 1194 || || 1190 son of Tancred and Sibylla of Acerra|| never married||1198 aged 8||Son of Tancred I Agnatic primogeniture 1194–1198|| || 2 November 1154 daughter of Roger II and Beatrix of Rethel|| Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor 1184 1 child|| 27 November 1198 Palermo aged 44||Posthumous daughter of Roger II Right of Conquest Constance was married to the Emperor Henry VI and he pressed his claim to the kingdom from William II's death, but only succeeded in displacing his wife's family in 1194.
 * William I the Bad
 * William I the Bad
 * William II the Good
 * William II the Good
 * Tancred I
 * Tancred I
 * Roger III
 * Roger III
 * William III
 * William III
 * Constance I
 * Constance I
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There is evidence that, during the baronial revolt of 1197, there was an attempt to make Count Jordan Lupin of Bovino king in opposition to Henry VI. He may even have been crowned and seems to have had the support of Constance, who had turned against her husband. In the end he was captured and executed. He is accepted as a pretender to the throne by modern historians Evelyn Jamison and Thomas Curtis Van Cleve.

House of Hohenstaufen, 1194–1266
1194–1197 || || November 1165 Nijmegen son of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor and Beatrix of Burgundy ||Constance of Sicily 1184 1 child|| 28 September 1197 Messina aged 32||Husband of Constance Jure uxoris 1198–1250 (joint rule) || ||26 December 1194 Jesi son of Henry I and Constance I||Constance of Aragon 15 August 1209 1 child
 * Henry I
 * Frederick I
 * Frederick I

Isabella II of Jerusalem 9 November 1225 2 children

Isabella of England 15 July 1235 4 children|| 13 December 1250 Torremaggiore aged 55||Son of Constance Jure matris 1212–1217 (joint rule) || || 1211 Sicily son of Frederick II and Constance of Aragon ||Margaret of Austria 29 November 1225 2 children|| 12 February 1242 Martirano aged 30||Son of Frederick I Agnatic primogeniture 1250–1254 || ||25 April 1228 Andria son of Frederick II and Isabella II of Jerusalem ||Elisabeth of Bavaria 1 September 1246 1 child|| 21 May 1254 Lavello aged 26||Son of Frederick I Agnatic primogeniture aka Conradin 1254–1258|| ||25 March 1252 Wolfstein son of Conrad I and Elisabeth of Bavaria ||never married||29 October 1268 Naples aged 16 (executed)||Son of Conrad I Agnatic primogeniture 1258–1266|| ||1232 Illegitimate son of Frederick II ||Beatrice of Savoy 21 April 1247 1 child
 * Henry II
 * Henry II
 * Conrad I
 * Conrad I
 * Conrad II the Younger
 * Conrad II the Younger
 * Manfred
 * Manfred

Helena Angelina Doukaina 9 November 1255 5 children||26 February 1266 Battle of Benevento aged 34 (killed in action)||Illegitimate son of Frederick I Seizure Manfred was regent of Sicily for his nephew, the child Conrad II ("Conradin"), but took the crown in 1258, and continued to fight to keep the kingdom under the Hohenstaufen. In 1254 the pope, having declared the kingdom a Papal possession, offered the crown to the King of England's son, Edmund Crouchback, but the English never succeeded in taking the kingdom. In 1262 the pope reversed his previous decision and granted the kingdom to the King of France's brother, Charles of Anjou, who succeeded in dispossessing Manfred in 1266. Conradin continued his claim to the throne until his death by decapitation perpetrated by Charles of Anjou in 1268.
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House of Plantagenet
Edmund Crouchback, son of King Henry III of England, claimed the Crown of Sicily between 1254 and 1263. Both he and his father took the claim very seriously, but it was completely ineffectual.

Capetian House of Anjou, 1266–1282
1266–1282 || || 21 March 1227 son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile || Beatrice of Provence 31 January 1246 6 children
 * Charles I

Margaret of Nevers 18 November 1268 childless || 7 January 1285 Foggia aged 57 Peter III of Aragon, Manfred's son in law, of the House of Barcelona, conquered the island of Sicily from Charles I in 1282 and had himself crowned King of Sicily. Thereafter the old Kingdom of Sicily was centred on the mainland, with capital at Naples, and although informally called Kingdom of Naples it was still known formally as "Kingdom of Sicily". Thus, there were two "Sicilies" — the island kingdom, however, was often called "Sicily beyond the Lighthouse" or "Trinacria", by terms of a treaty between the two states.
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House of Barcelona, 1282–1410
1268/1282–1285 (joint rule) || || 1249 Sicily daughter of Manfred of Sicily and Beatrice of Savoy || Peter I the Great 13 June 1262 6 children || 9 April 1302 Barcelona, Spain aged 52 or 53||Daughter of Manfred of Sicily Right of conquest 1282–1285 (joint rule) || || 1240 Valencia son of James I of Aragon and Yolanda of Hungary || Constance of Sicily 13 June 1262 6 children || 2 November 1285 Vilafranca del Penedès aged 45||Husband of Constance II Jure uxoris 1285–1295|| ||10 August 1267 Valencia son of Peter I and Constance of Sicily|| Isabella of Castile 1 December 1291 No children
 *  Constance II
 * Peter I the Great
 * Peter I the Great
 * James the Just
 * James the Just

Blanche of Anjou 29 October 1295 10 children

Marie de Lusignan 15 June 1315 No children

Elisenda de Montcada 25 December 1322 No children || 5 November 1327 Barcelona aged 60||Son of Peter I and Constance II Salic patrimony 1295–1337 || || 13 December 1272 Barcelona son of Peter I and Constance of Sicily|| Eleanor of Anjou 17 May 1302 9 children || 25 June 1337 Palermo aged 65||Regent brother of James Election 1337–1342 || ||July 1305 son of Frederick II and Eleanor of Anjou|| Elisabeth of Carinthia 23 April 1322 9 children ||15 August 1342 Calascibetta aged 37||Son of Frederick II Agnatic primogeniture 1342–1355 || ||1337 Catania son of Peter II and Elisabeth of Carinthia|| Never married||16 October 1355 Aci Castello aged 18||Son of Peter II Agnatic primogeniture 1355–1377 || ||1 September 1341 Catania son of Peter II and Elisabeth of Carinthia|| Constance of Aragon 11 April 1361 1 child
 * Frederick II
 * Frederick II
 * Peter II
 * Peter II
 * Louis
 * Louis
 * Frederick III the Simple
 * Frederick III the Simple

Antonia of Balzo 17 January 1372 No children || 27 January 1377 Messina aged 36||Son of Peter II Brother of Louis Agnatic primogeniture 1377–1401 (joint rule) || ||1363 Catania daughter of Frederick III and Constance of Aragon|| Martin I of Sicily 1390 1 child || 25 May 1401 Lentini aged 38||Daughter of Frederick III Cognatic primogeniture 1390–1409 (joint rule) || ||1374 son of Martin I of Aragon (Martin II of Sicily) and Maria of Luna|| Maria of Sicily 1390 1 child || 25 July 1409 Cagliari aged 35||Husband of Maria Jure uxoris 1409–1410 || || 1356 Girona son of Peter IV of Aragon and Eleanor of Sicily||Maria de Luna 13 June 1372 4 children
 * Maria
 * Maria
 * Martin I the Younger
 * Martin I the Younger
 * Martin II the Elder
 * Martin II the Elder

Margarita of Aragon-Prades 1409 No children||31 May 1410 Barcelona aged 54||Maternal grandson of Peter II Cognatic primogeniture Martin I died without an heir in 1409 and the kingdom was inherited by his father who united it to the Crown of Aragon.
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House of Trastámara, 1412–1516
1412–1416 || || 27 November 1380 Medina del Campo son of John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon||Eleanor of Alburquerque 1394 8 children|| 2 April 1416 Igualada aged 36 1416–1458 || || 1396 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque||Maria of Castile 1415 No children|| 27 June 1458 Naples aged 52 1458–1468|| || 29 June 1397 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque|| Blanche I of Navarre 6 November 1419 4 children
 * Ferdinand I the Honest
 * Alfonso the Magnanimous
 * Alfonso the Magnanimous
 * John the Great
 * John the Great

Juana Enríquez 2 children ||20 January 1479 Barcelona aged 81 1468–1516|| || 10 March 1452 son of John II of Aragon and Juana Enriquez|| Isabella I of Castile 19 October 1469 5 children
 * Ferdinand II the Catholic
 * Ferdinand II the Catholic

Germaine of Foix 1505 No children ||23 January 1516 Madrigalejo aged 63 1516–1555|| || 6 November 1479 daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile|| Philip IV of Burgundy 1496 6 children|| 12 April 1555 Madrigalejo aged 75
 * Joanna the Mad
 * Joanna the Mad
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Joanna was confined under alleged insanity during her whole reign.

House of Habsburg, 1516-1700
1516–1556 || || 24 February 1500 Ghent son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile||Isabella of Portugal 10 March 1526 3 children ||21 September 1558 Yuste aged 58 1554–1598 || || 21 May 1527 Valladolid son of Charles I and Isabella of Portugal||Maria of Portugal 1543 1 child
 * Charles I
 * Charles I
 * Philip I
 * Philip I

Mary I of England 1554 No children

Elisabeth of Valois 1559 2 children

Anna of Austria 4 May 1570 5 children||13 September 1598 Madrid aged 71 1598–1621|| || 14 April 1578 Madrid son of Philip I and Anna of Austria||Margaret of Austria 18 April 1599 5 children||31 March 1621 Madrid aged 42 1621–1665|| || 8 April 1605 Valladolid son of Philip II and Margaret of Austria||Elisabeth of Bourbon 1615 7 children
 * Philip II
 * Philip II
 * Philip III
 * Philip III

Mariana of Austria 1649 5 children

Madrid aged 60 1665–1700|| || 6 November 1661 Madrid son of Philip III and Mariana of Austria||Maria Luisa of Orléans 19 November 1679 No children
 * 17 September 1665
 * Charles II
 * Charles II

Maria Anna of Neuburg 14 May 1690 No children

Madrid aged 38
 * 1 November 1700
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House of Bourbon, 1700-1713, during War of the Spanish Succession
1700–1713|| || 19 December 1683 Versailles son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Anna of Bavaria||Maria Luisa of Savoy 2 November 1701 4 children
 * Philip IV
 * Philip IV

Elisabeth of Parma 24 December 1714 7 children

Madrid aged 62 At the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, by the Treaty of Utrecht, Sicily was ceded to the Duke of Savoy.
 * 9 July 1746
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House of Savoy, 1713–1720
1713–1720 || || 14 May 1666 Turin son of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy and Marie Jeanne Baptiste de Savoie-Nemours||Anne Marie of Orléans 10 April 1684 6 children||31 October 1732 Moncalieri aged 66 The Spanish invaded the kingdom in 1718 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. The Duke of Savoy ceded it to Austria in 1720 by the Treaty of The Hague.
 * Victor Amadeus
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House of Habsburg, 1720–1735
1720–1735 || || 1 October 1685 Vienna son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg||Elisabeth Christine 1 August 1708 4 children|| 20 October 1740 Vienna aged 55 Charles I, Duke of Parma conquered the kingdom during the War of the Polish Succession. At the end of the war, Sicily was ceded to him as Charles III of Sicily.
 * Charles III
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House of Bourbon 1735–1816
1735–1759 || || 20 January 1716 Madrid son of Philip IV and Elizabeth of Parma||Maria Amalia of Saxony 1738 13 children||14 December 1788 Madrid aged 72 1759–1816|| || 12 January 1751 Naples son of Charles III and Maria Amalia of Saxony||Marie Caroline of Austria 12 May 1768 17 children
 * Charles III
 * Ferdinand III
 * Ferdinand III

Lucia Migliaccio of Floridia 27 November 1814 No children||4 January 1825 Naples aged 73 In 1816 the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily were merged as the new Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
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