List of active separatist movements in Europe

This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Europe. Separatism often refers to full political secession,  though separatist movements may seek nothing more than greater autonomy or to be recognised as a national minority.

Criteria
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
 * 1) They are active movements with active members.
 * 2) They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
 * 3) They are citizens/people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
 * De facto state (de facto entity): for unrecognized regions with de facto autonomy.
 * Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state.
 * Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession.
 * De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region.
 * Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control.
 * Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession.
 * Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations.
 * Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities.
 * Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s).

Various ethnic groups in Europe are seeking greater autonomy or independence. In the European Union (EU), several of these groups are members of the European Free Alliance (EFA). In some cases, the group seeks to unify into a different state – in cases where this does not involve the creation of a new state entity, this is considered to be irredentism. Analogous irredentist movements are included in the list of active irredentist movements.

Azerbaijan
Territory of the short-lived Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic Lezgistan
 * People: Talysh people
 * Proposed: Talysh province with regional administration within the borders of Azerbaijan or independence.
 * Political organisation: Talysh National Movement
 * Government in exile: Flag of Talysh.svg Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic


 * Ethnic group: Lezgins
 * Proposed: Independence or greater autonomy for Lezgistan
 * Political organisation: Lezgin flag sadval.png Sadval movement, Federal Lezgian National and Cultural Autonomy, Samur

Belgium

 * Autonomist movements

Flanders
 * People: Flemish
 * Autonomous area: Flanders
 * Movements: Flemish Movement

Wallonia
 * People: Walloons
 * Autonomous area: Wallonia
 * Movements: Walloon Movement


 * Secessionist movements

Flanders or Flemish Community (the latter includes Brussels-Capital Region)


 * People: Flemish
 * Proposed state: Flanders, or unification with the 🇳🇱 Netherlands
 * Political parties: New Flemish Alliance (member of the European Free Alliance), Libertair, Direct, Democratisch, Vlaams Belang and Flemish-Socialist Movement
 * Movements: Vlaamse Volksbeweging (VVB),, Taal Aktie Komitee and Voorpost

Wallonia or French Community of Belgium (the latter includes Brussels-Capital Region)


 * People: Walloons
 * Proposed state: Unification with 🇫🇷 France
 * Political parties: Walloon Rally, Rassemblement Wallonie France

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Republika Srpska
 * Secessionist movements


 * People: Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Proposed: independence or unification with 🇷🇸
 * Political organisation: National Assembly of Republika Srpska (Government of Republika Srpska)
 * Political parties: Alliance of Independent Social Democrats, Serbian Democratic Party

Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia
 * Autonomist movements


 * People: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Proposed state: Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia, as a refounded third entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Political organisation: Croatian National Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Political parties: Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Democratic Union 1990, Croatian Christian Democratic Union

Croatia


Istria County
 * Autonomist movements


 * People: Istrians (Croats, Istrian Italians, Istro-Romanians, and Istriot-speakers)
 * Proposed: Autonomy for Istria within Croatia
 * Political party: Istrian Democratic Assembly (factions, not officially)

Cyprus


The northeastern 1/3 territory of island of Cyprus
 * People: Turkish Cypriots
 * De facto state: Northern Cyprus (recognized only by Turkey)
 * Proposed: re-unification with 🇨🇾 Cyprus, unification with 🇹🇷 Turkey or recognition of Northern Cyprus
 * Political organisation: Government of Northern Cyprus
 * Militant organisation: Security Forces Command

Czechia
Moravia
 * Proposition: Greater autonomy for Moravia or outright
 * People: Moravians
 * Political party: Moravané, Flag of Moravia with eagle.svg Moravian Land Movement

Denmark


🇫🇴 Faroe Islands

Minor Movements
 * People: Faroese
 * Proposed state: 🇫🇴 Faroe Islands or autonomy
 * Political parties: Republican Party, Progress, People's Party, Centre Party, Self-Government Party

Bornholm
 * Proposed state: Flag Denmark Bornholmsflaget.svg Bornholm
 * Political party: Bornholm's Self-Government Party

Finland


Åland
 * People: Åland Swedes
 * Proposed state: Åland
 * Political party: Future of Åland (EFA member)

France
French Basque Country/ Pyrénées-Atlantiques
 * Secessionist movements


 * People: Basque
 * Proposed state: unification with the Basque Country and  Navarre – Euskal Herria  as an independent state or autonomy. Euskal Herria Bai
 * Political parties: Abertzaleen Batasuna (AB), Eusko Alkartasuna (EFA member), Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea (Basque Nationalist Party).
 * Trade unions: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
 * Youth advocacy groups: Gazte Abertzaleak, Segi
 * Militant organisations: Irrintzi



Historic Brittany, comprising Brittany (administrative region) and Loire-Atlantique


 * People: Bretons
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: Brittany
 * Advocacy groups: Celtic League
 * Political parties: Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh, Adsav, Strollad Breizh, Emgann
 * Militant organisation: Talbenn Dieubiñ Breizh (Breton Revolutionary Army) (ARB)

Corsica


 * People: Corsicans
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: Corsica
 * Political party: Corsica Libera, Pè a Corsica, Partitu di a Nazione Corsa (EFA member)
 * Militant group: National Liberation Front of Corsica

French Flanders


 * People: Flemings
 * Proposed state: French Flanders, Pale of Calais and Audomarois and re-unification with West Flanders, East Flanders, Tournaisis and Zeelandic Flanders into an independent Flemish state, unification with the 🇳🇱 Netherlands (separatist) or 🇧🇪 Belgium (autonomist)
 * Political party: Flemish movement

Provence
 * People: Provençals (Occitans)
 * Proposed state: Provence or autonomy
 * Militant group: Front Nacionala Liberacion de Provença
 * Political party: Prouvènço Nacioun

Northern Catalonia/Pyrénées-Orientales
 * People: Northern Catalans
 * Proposed state: Catalonia or unification with  Catalonia (Spain)
 * Political parties: Esquerra Republicana- Catalunya del Nord, Oui au Pays Catalan (autonomist), Popular Unity Candidacy
 * Advocacy organisations: Catalunya Nord per la independència, Òmnium Catalunya Nord
 * Youth organisations: Joventuts d'Esquerra Republicana (Catalunya Nord)

Savoy


 * Proposed: "Proposed Federating of Nice, Savoy, Valle d'Aosta, Liguria and Piedmont into a multilingual and plurinational state on the Swiss model."
 * Political parties: Piemonte Stato

Etat Pied-Noir
 * Ethnic group: Pieds-Noirs
 * Political party: Etat Pied-Noir
 * Status: Active (Established in 2016)
 * Proposed state: The federation of the two shores

Limousin
 * Ethnic group: people of Limousin
 * Proposed state: Limousin
 * Political party: Communauté révolutionnaire indépendante limousine

Alsace
 * Autonomist movements


 * People: Alsatians (Allemanics)
 * Proposed autonomous area: Alsace
 * Political parties: Elsass Zuerst,, Unser Land (EFA member)

Normandy
 * People: Normans
 * Proposed autonomous area: Normandy
 * Political party: Mouvement Normand

Savoy
 * People: Savoyans
 * Proposed autonomous area: Savoy
 * Political party: Movement Règion Savouè (EFA member)

Occitania
 * People: Occitans
 * Proposed autonomous area: Occitania
 * Political parties: Partit Occitan (EFA member), Assemblada Occitana, Libertat

Franche Comté


 * Proposed autonomous area: Franche Comté
 * Political party: Mouvement Franche-Comté, Yes Franche-Comté
 * militant organization: Franche-Comtât Abada!

Georgia


Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia


 * People: Abkhazians
 * De facto state: Abkhazia (recognized by 5 UN members)
 * Proposition: Recognition of Abkhazia as an independent state.
 * Political organisation: Government of Abkhazia
 * Militant organisation: Abkhazian Armed Forces

Territory of the former South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast


 * People: Ossetians
 * De facto state: South Ossetia (recognized by 5 UN members)
 * Proposition: Recognition of South Ossetia as an independent state or unification with Russia
 * Political organisation: Government of South Ossetia
 * Militant organisation: Armed Forces of South Ossetia

Javakheti
 * Ethnic group: Armenians in Samtskhe–Javakheti
 * Proposed: Autonomy for the region Javakhk (Javakheti)
 * Political party: United Javakhk Democratic Alliance

Germany
Bavaria


 * People: Bavarians, Franconians, Swabians
 * Proposed state or autonomous area:  Free State of Bavaria
 * Political party: Bavaria Party (EFA member)

Saxony


 * People: Upper Saxons, Saxons
 * Proposed state or autonomous area: Flag of the Freie Sachsen.jpg Saxony
 * Political party: Flag of the Freie Sachsen.jpg Free Saxony

Lusatia
 * People: Sorbs
 * Proposed state or autonomous area: Lusatia
 * Political party: Lusatian Alliance
 * Non-governmental organization: Domowina

East Frisia
 * Proposed autonomous area: East Frisia
 * Ethnic group: Frisians
 * Political party: Die Friesen (former EFA member)

Franconia
 * Proposed autonomous region: Franconia
 * Political party: Party for Franconia

Greece
Chameria
 * Proposition: Creation of Republic of Chameria
 * Ethnic group: Cham Albanians
 * Advocacy group: Democratic Foundation of Chameria (Activity)
 * Militant organization: Liberation Army of Chameria (Activity)

Hungary
Romani people in Hungary
 * ethnic group: Romani people in Hungary
 * proposed: creation of an autonomous Roma province in northern Hungary
 * political party: Opre Roma Democratic People's Party

Italy


Friuli-Venezia Giulia


 * People: Friulians
 * Proposed state: Friuli
 * Political parties:
 * Secessionist parties: Res Publica Furlane-Parlament Furlan, Patrie Furlane, Friulian Front,
 * Autonomist parties: Pact for Autonomy

Lombardy


 * Proposed state: Republic of Lombardy or autonomy.
 * Political parties (autonomist): Lega per l'Autonomia – Alleanza Lombarda
 * Political parties (secessionist): Pro Lombardy Independence, Lega Lombarda

Northern Italy


 * Proposed state: Padania
 * Political parties (autonomist): Lega Nord, Great North
 * Political parties (secessionist): Lega Nord (formerly), Lega Padana, Padanian Union, Alpine Padanian Union

Southern Italy
 * Proposed state: Mezzogiorno,  Magna Graecia, Due Sicilie
 * Political parties (autonomist): We the South, Great South, Movement for Autonomy Autonomy South, Force of the South and I the South,
 * Political parties (secessionist): Lega Sud Ausonia

Sicily


 * People: Sicilians
 * Proposed state: Sicily
 * Political parties (autonomist): Sicilian Socialist Party, Party of the Sicilians Movement for Autonomy
 * Political parties (secessionist): Free Sicilians
 * Groups: Sicilian National Front, Sicilia Nazione, Sicilian National Liberation Movement.

South Tyrol


 * Proposed: Greater autonomy or independence for South Tyrol or unification with Tyrol in Austria
 * Political parties: Die Freiheitlichen (independence), South Tyrolean Freedom (unification)

Savoy


 * Proposed state: Proposed Federating of Nice, Savoy, Valle d'Aosta, Piedmont, Lomellina and Oltrepò Pavese, the old Province of Bobbio, Oneglia and Dolceacqua "into a multilingual and plurinational state on the Swiss model."
 * Political parties: État de Savoie, Piemonte Stato
 * Groups: Gioventura Piemontèisa

Tuscany
 * Ethnic group: Tuscans
 * Proposed: independence or greater autonomy for Tuscany
 * Political party: Tuscan Autonomist Movement, Toscano Stato

Veneto


 * Proposed state: Republic of Venice or autonomy
 * Political parties (autonomist): Liga Veneta, Veneto for Autonomy
 * Political parties (secessionist): Party of Venetians, Venetian Independence, We Are Veneto, Liga Veneta Repubblica, Venetian People's Unity, Venetian Left
 * youth organization: Independentist Youth
 * National Liberation Movement (Self-determination): Venetian National Liberation Movement

Trieste
 * Proposed state: Free Territory of Trieste
 * Advocacy group: Free Territory of Trieste movement

Aosta Valley
 * Proposition: Greater autonomy for Aosta
 * Political party: Valdostan Union

Sardinia
 * Ethnic group: Sardinian people
 * Proposition: Greater autonomy or independence for Sardinia.
 * Advocacy groups: Canton Marittimo
 * Political parties: Sardinian Action Party

Romagna
 * Ethnic group: Romagnol people
 * Proposal: divide of Romagna from  Emilia-Romagna
 * Political party: Movement for the Autonomy of Romagna, Lega Romagna

Lithuania
Samogitia
 * Ethnic group: Samogitians
 * Proposed autonomous region: Samogitia
 * Political party: Samogitian Party

Malta
Gozo
 * People: Gozitans
 * Proposed autonomous area: Gozo
 * Political organisation: People's Party (Malta), Gozo Party (Defunct)

Moldova



 * Breakaway state

Transnistria

Gagauzia
 * People: Equal proportions of Russians, Ukrainians and Moldovans
 * De facto state: Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
 * Proposed state: Transnistria or unification with 🇷🇺 Russia
 * Political organisation: Government of Transnistria
 * Militant organisation: Army of Transnistria


 * People: Gagauz people
 * Proposed State:  Gagauz Republic
 * Political organisation: Peoples of Union of Gagauzia

Netherlands
Frisia
 * People: Frisians, West Frisians
 * Proposition: Greater autonomy for West Frisia
 * Political party: Frisian National Party, (EFA member) (Greater autonomy)

Poland


Silesia
 * People: Silesians
 * Proposed autonomous area or State: Silesia
 * Political party: Silesian Autonomy Movement, First Self-Governance League, Silesian Regional Party, Silesian Separatist Movement, Silesians Together

Kashubia and Pomerania
 * People: Kashubians
 * Proposed autonomous area or State: Pomerania
 * Political party: Kashubian Association (greater Kashubian rights) (Member of the EFA)
 * Advocacy groups: Kashubian Unity Association (creation of an autonomous Pomerania region)

Podlachia
 * People: Poles, Belarusians
 * Proposed autonomous area or State: Podlachia
 * political party: Ruch Autonomii Podlasia

Masuria
 * People: Poles, Masurians
 * Proposed autonomous area or State: Masuria
 * Political Party: Ruch Autonomii Mazur

Portugal
Azores
 * ethnic group: Azoreans
 * proposed state: Azores
 * militant organization: Azores Liberation Front

Romania
Transylvania and Banat


 * People: Romanians, Hungarians, Transylvanian Saxons
 * Proposed autonomous area or state: Transylvania or Banat
 * Political party: Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
 * Advocacy organisations: Liga Pro Europa, Provincia, Autonomy for Transylvania Székely-Hungarian National Guard,  Democratic League of Transylvania (Liga Transilvania Democrată), League of Banat (Liga Bănățeană)

Székely Land


 * People: Székelys
 * Proposed autonomous area or state: Székely Land
 * Political organisations: Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, the demand for Hungarian autonomy has been part of their program since 1993. Hungarian Civic Party, they signed a settlement with the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania about cooperation and joint support for Hungarian autonomy. Hungarian People's Party of Transylvania (PPMT), the party proposes the establishments of Transylvanian parliament and government and supports the case of Székely autonomy in Székely Land. It also advocates territorial autonomy for Partium.
 * Advocacy organisations: Szekler National Council

Partium
 * People: Hungarians
 * Proposed autonomous area: Partium
 * Advocacy organisations: Hungarian National Council of Transylvania

Russia
Chechnya
 * People: Chechens
 * Proposed state: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (government in exile)
 * Government in exile: Ichkerian government in exile (Proposed to be recognized by UN member: Ukraine)
 * Militant organisation: Chechen separatists, Ajnad al-Kavkaz, Chechen volunteers in Ukraine, Dzhokhar Dudayev Battalion, Ichkerian Special Purpose Battalion, Khamzat Gelayev Detachment
 * Advocacy group: Adat People's Movement

Circassia
 * People: Circassians
 * Proposed autonomous area or state: Circassia
 * Advocacy groups: International Circassian Association (former member of UNPO)

Ingushetia Kaliningrad Oblast Leningrad Oblast Republic of Karelia
 * People: Ingush
 * Proposed state: Ingushetia, unification with  Chechnya
 * Militant organisation: Flag of the Ingush Liberation Army.svg Ingush Liberation Army
 * Advocacy group: Ingush Independence Committee, Flag of the Dagestan protesters (2022).svg Flag of Dagestan (anti-mobilization).svg Dagestani National Center
 * People: Russian
 * Proposed autonomous area or state:  Baltic Republic/Königsberg
 * Advocacy groups: Kaliningrad Public Movement, Respublika Movement
 * People: Russians, Izhorians, Ingrians, Votes, Estonians
 * Proposed state or autonomous area: Ingria or Republic of St. Petersburg
 * Advocacy groups: Free Ingria, Ingria Without Borders, Ingermanland National Cultural Autonomy
 * People: Karelians, Vepsians, Russians, Finns, Pomors
 * Proposed state:  Karelia
 * Militant organisation: Karelian National Battalion
 * Advocacy groups: Karelian National Movement

Republic of Kalmykia Bashkortostan Chuvashia Idel-Ural
 * People: Kalmyks
 * Proposed federal subject or state: Kalmykia, unification with  Astrakhan Oblast
 * Advocacy group: Flag of the Congress of the Oirat-Kalmyk nation.png [[File:Flag used by emigrants from Kalmykia need to stop the persecuting of activists of the national movement in their homeland..png|frameless|24x24px]] Oirat-Kalmyk People's Congress
 * People: Bashkirs
 * Proposed federal subject or nation:   Bashkortostan
 * Militant organisation: Committee of Bashkir Resistance, Bashkir Company
 * Advocacy groups: Bashkort movement, Bashkir National-Political Center of Lithuania Bashkir Company
 * People: Chuvash
 * Proposed federal subject or state:  Chuvashia or Volga Bulgaria
 * Advocacy Movements: Chuvash National Movement, Chuvash Republican Youth, Suvar movement
 * People: Bashkirs, Chuvash, Erzya, Mari, Mokshas, Russians, Tatars, Udmurts
 * Proposed state: Idel-Ural Republic
 * Advocacy group: Free Idel-Ural

Mari El
 * People: Mari
 * Proposed federal subject or state: Mari El
 * Advocacy groups: Mari Ushem

Mordovia
 * People: Erzyas, Mokshas
 * Proposed state: Erzyan Mastor
 * Advocacy group: Free Idel-Ural

Tatarstan
 * People: Tatars
 * Proposed state:  Tatarstan
 * Government in exile: Tatarstan government in exile
 * Militant organisation: All-Tatar Public Center
 * Advocacy groups: Ittifaq Party, Free Idel-ural, All-Tatar Public Center

Russian-occupied Ukraine (de facto part of Russia)
Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol
 * People: Ukrainians, Crimean Tatars, Crimean Karaites, Urums, pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine
 * De jure subdivisions within Ukraine: Autonomous Republic of Crimea,  Sevastopol
 * Proposed: Crimean Tatars independence or autonomy within unitary 🇺🇦 Ukraine
 * Political organisations: Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People, Yellow Ribbon

Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic (Annexed by Russia in 2022)
 * People: Ukrainians, Pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine
 * De jure entities within Ukraine: Donetsk Oblast,  Luhansk Oblast
 * Proposed: reunification with 🇺🇦 Ukraine
 * Advocacy organisations: Yellow Ribbon
 * Militant organisations: Atesh, Popular Resistance of Ukraine

Zaporozhye Oblast, Kherson Oblast,  Russian-occupied Kharkiv Oblast, Kherson Oblast Zaporizhzhia Oblast Kharkiv Oblast
 * People: Ukrainians, pro-Ukrainian Russians in Ukraine, Crimean Tatars (Kherson Oblast)
 * De jure subdivisions within Ukraine:
 * Proposed: reunification with 🇺🇦 Ukraine
 * Advocacy organisations: Yellow Ribbon
 * Militant organisations: Atesh, Popular Resistance of Ukraine, Berdiansk Partisan Army

Serbia


Image Note: Republic of Vojvodina within federalized Serbia, proposed by the League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina in 1999 – the map also includes an autonomous Sandžak, Kosovo and the metropolitan area of Belgrade as a distinctive administrative unit as well


 * Autonomist movements

Vojvodina
 * Proposals for Hungarian Regional Autonomy in the northern part of Vojvodina:
 * People: Hungarians of Vojvodina
 * Political parties: Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians, Democratic Fellowship of Vojvodina Hungarians.

Sandžak
 * People: Bosniaks of Serbia
 * Proposed autonomous province: Sandžak
 * Advocacy groups (autonomist): Party of Democratic Action of Sandžak, Islamic Community in Serbia


 * Separatist movements

Preševo Valley
 * ethnic group: Albanians in Serbia
 * proposal: Independence or autonomy for the Preševo Valley or unification with Kosovo
 * political party: Association of Albanian Municipalities, Party for Democratic Action
 * political party (autonomist): Albanian Coalition of Preševo Valley


 * People: Albanians in Kosovo
 * Proposed: Republic of Kosovo
 * De facto state: Republic of Kosovo (recognised by 52% of UN member states)
 * Political organisation: Government of Kosovo
 * Movement: Albanian nationalism in Kosovo



North Kosovo/Ibar Kolašin
 * People: Kosovo Serbs
 * Proposed state: Zsoflag.png Community of Serb Municipalities within Kosovo or unification with 🇷🇸 Serbia
 * Political organisations: Assembly of the Community of Municipalities (status unknown), Serb List

Slovakia



 * Autonomist movements

Southern Slovakia:
 * People: Hungarians
 * Proposed autonomous area: Territorial autonomy for the compact Hungarian ethnic block and cultural autonomy for the regions of Hungarian presence, or unification with 🇭🇺 Hungary
 * Political parties (autonomist): Party of the Hungarian Community, In 2010, the party renewed their demand for autonomy.

Spain



 * Secessionist movements

Basque Country (autonomous community) and Navarre


 * People: Basques
 * Proposed state: Basque Country (greater region) – Euskal Herria
 * Political parties: Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea (Basque Nationalist Party) (member of the European Democratic Party), Eusko Alkartasuna (EFA member), Bildu, Eusko Abertzale Ekintza (Basque Nationalist Action), Alternatiba
 * Trade union: Euskal Langileen Alkartasuna, Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak
 * Youth advocacy groups: EGI, Gazte Abertzaleak, Haika] (illegalised) Segi, Ikasle Abertzaleak

Catalonia


 * People: Catalans
 * Proposal state: Catalan Republic –  Catalan Countries (i.e. including other Catalan-speaking areas)
 * Political parties (independentist): Republican Left of Catalonia (33/135), Together for Catalonia (32/135), Popular Unity Candidacy (9/135), supported by other small parties and civil organisations Corròp, Popular Unity Candidacy
 * Political parties (autonomist): Catalunya en Comú–Podem (8/135)
 * Civil organisations: Assemblea Nacional Catalana, Òmnium Cultural, Association of Municipalities for Independence, Procés Constituent, Catalunya Acció, Sobirania i Progrés, Committees for the Defense of the Republic, Negres Tempestes
 * Trade unions: Intersindical-CSC, Coordinadora Obrera Sindical
 * Youth advocacy groups: Arran, La Forja, Jovent Republicà, Joves d'Esquerra Verda, Joventut Nacionalista de Catalunya, Joventut Comunista de Catalunya

Galicia


 * People: Galicians
 * Proposed state: Galiza (possibly containing Galicia irredenta territories in Asturias and Castille and León)
 * Political party: Galician Nationalist Bloc (sovereigntist, EFA member), Anova-Nationalist Brotherhood (independentist, includes the Galician Popular Front), Compromiso por Galicia (centrist federalist), Terra Galega (Centrist autonomist), Galician Coalition (Centrist nationalist Party), Abrente–Galician Democratic Left, Acción Galega, Renewal–Nationalist Brotherhood, Assembleia da Mocidade Independentista
 * Unions: Confederación Intersindical Galega (CIG) and Central Unitaria de Traballadores (CUT)
 * Youth advocacy groups: Galiza Nova, Xeira, BRIGA and Erguer-Estudantes da Galiza (students)
 * Militant organisation: Resistência Galega

Valencia


 * People: Valencians – Catalanics (those with Catalan ancestry)
 * Proposed state: Valencian Country or unification with Catalan Countries
 * Political parties: Valencian Nationalist Bloc, Initiative of the Valencian People, Popular Unity Candidates, Republican Left of the Valencian Country, Valencian State, Valencian Nationalist Left, Valencian Left
 * political party (Pro Catalan): Popular Unity Candidacy
 * Advocacy groups: Pro-Catalan Valencianists (who defend Pan-Catalanism and Fuster's theories) propose the creation of a Valencian State and some type of reconnection with the rest of Catalan-speaking areas. Only a minor tendency within anti-Catalan Valencianism (Blaverism) proposed independence of the Kingdom of Valencia from both Catalonia and Spain.
 * Youth advocacy groups: Arran
 * Student movement: AGIR

Aragon
 * ethnic group: Aragonese people
 * Proposed state: Aragon
 * political parties (regionalist and Nationalist): Chunta Aragonesista, Puyalón de Cuchas, Aragonese Party, Estado Aragonés
 * political parties (separatist): Puyalón de Cuchas, ,
 * coalition:
 * movement:

Balearic Islands
 * ethnic group: Catalan people
 * proposed: Independence for the Balearic Islands or unification with the other Catalan countries
 * political parties: Balearic Anticolonialist Group,
 * political party (pro Catalan): Popular Unity Candidacy
 * political parties (regionalist): People's Party of the Balearic Islands

Andalusia


 * ethnic group: Andalusian people
 * proposed state: Andalusia
 * political parties (regionalist): Adelante Andalucía (2021)
 * political party (separatist): Andalusian Nation
 * political party (self governing): Unitarian Candidacy of Workers

Asturias
 * ethnic group: Asturians
 * proposed state: Asturias
 * political party (autonomist): Asturias Forum
 * political party (nationalist): Asturian Left, Compromisu por Asturies, Conceyu Abiertu, Partíu Asturianista, Unidá, Bloc for Asturias, Conceyu Abiertu
 * political party (regionalist):Asturian Renewal Union
 * political party (separatist): Andecha Astur


 * Autonomist movements

Cartagena León
 * Proposed: extended autonomy for Cartagena within Region of Murcia
 * Political party: Movimiento Ciudadano de Cartagena
 * People: Leonese
 * Proposed autonomous area: Leonese region
 * Political parties: Unión del Pueblo Leonés UPL
 * Youth movements: RUCHAR Mocedá Llionesa

Province of Granada
 * proposed: Breaking the Province of Granada from Andalusia as a separate autonomous community
 * political party: Juntos por Granada

Sweden
Scania
 * People: Swedes
 * Proposed State: Scania
 * Political Party: Scania Party

Switzerland

 * Autonomist movements

Jura region


 * People: Jurassien (French-speaking)
 * Proposed autonomous area: unification of the three districts of Bernese Jura and the Laufen District with the Canton of Jura
 * Militant organisations: Mouvement Autonomiste Jurassien (Jurassian Autonomist Movement), Groupe Bélier (Youth activists movement)

Ukraine


Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol


 * People: Russians in Ukraine, Crimean Tatars, Crimean Karaites, Urums
 * Proposed: Republic of Crimea and  Sevastopol independence or autonomy within unitary 🇺🇦 Ukraine, or unfiaction with 🇷🇺 Russia (pro-Russian ethnic Russians)
 * Political organisations: Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People, State Council of Crimea, Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol

Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast
 * People: Russians in Ukraine
 * De facto entity: Donetsk People's Republic,  Luhansk People's Republic (Annexed by Russia in 2022)
 * Political organisations: People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic, People's Council of the Luhansk People's Republic
 * paramilitary organisation: Russian people's militias in Ukraine

Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Russian-occupied Kherson Oblast,  Russian-occupied Kharkiv Oblast Russian-occupied Kherson Oblast, Russian-occupied Zaporizhzhia Oblast Russian-occupied Kharkiv Oblast
 * People: Russians in Ukraine
 * De facto states:
 * Proposed: unification with 🇷🇺 Russia
 * Political organisations: Volodymyr Saldo Bloc, Derzhava, Opposition Bloc (partially)
 * Military organisation: Russian Ground Forces

Carpathian Ruthenia


 * People: Russians in Ukraine, Hungarians in Ukraine, The flag of the Ruhenian Ethnic Minority Council.png Rusyns
 * Proposed: autonomy or independence within unitary 🇺🇦 Ukraine or unification with 🇭🇺 Hungary
 * Political organisations: "Subcarpathian republican party", "Volodymyr Saldo Bloc", "Derzhava", "World Congress of Rusyns ", "Opposition Bloc", "Russkiy dom", "Subcarpathian Ruthenia movement" "Russkiy Mir Foundation", "Association of Zakarpattia democrats", and other pro-Russian organizations.     "Rusyn separatist movement" led by the Orthodox priest Dimitry Sydor (now Archbishop of Uzhorod, in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate))

United Kingdom

 * Major movements

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 England


 * People: English
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 England
 * Political parties: English Democrats, English Constitution Party,
 * Advocacy groups: Campaign for an English Parliament

Northern Ireland


 * People: Irish, Northern Irish (Nationalists)
 * Proposed state: Re-unification with 🇮🇪 Ireland or independence
 * Political parties: Sinn Féin, Fianna Fáil, Éirígí, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Aontú, People Before Profit, Communist Party of Ireland, Irish Republican Socialist Party, Republican Network for Unity, Socialist Workers Network, Workers' Party of Ireland
 * Militant organisations: RIRA, CIRA

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scotland


 * People: Scots
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scotland
 * Political parties: Scottish National Party (EFA member), Scottish Greens, Scottish Socialist Party, Alba, Red Party of Scotland, Scotland's Independence Referendum Party, Independence for Scotland Party, Scottish Libertarian Party, parties: Scottish National Party (EFA member)
 * Advocacy groups: Yes Scotland (defunct), Scottish Independence Convention (Common Weal, People's Voice, Scottish CND, Voice for Scotland, Women for Independence), Labour for Independence, Siol nan Gaidheal

🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Wales


 * People: Welsh
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Wales
 * Political parties: Gwlad, Plaid Cymru, Propel, Plaid Glyndŵr, Wales Green Party, Independent Alliance for Reform
 * Advocacy groups: YesCymru


 * Minor movements

Cornwall


 * People: Cornish
 * Proposed state or autonomous region: Cornwall (possibly including the Isles of Scilly)
 * Advocacy groups: Cornish Constitutional Convention, Cornwall 2000, Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament
 * Political parties: Mebyon Kernow, Cornish Nationalist Party, Green Party of England and Wales, Cornish Nationalist Party, Liberal Democrats

Northern England


 * People: Northerners
 * Proposed state: Northumbria or greater autonomy within the United Kingdom.
 * Advocacy group: Campaign for the North (Devo-Max)
 * Political parties: Northern Independence Party

Midlands
 * People: Midlanders
 * Proposed state: Mercia
 * Advocacy groups: Acting Witan of Mercia, Sovereign Mercia

London


 * People: Londoners
 * Proposed state: London
 * Political party: Flag of Greater London.svg Flag of the City of London.svg Londonpendence Party


 * Autonomist movements

Canvey Island
 * People: Canvey Islanders
 * Proposed autonomous area: Canvey Island
 * Political Parties: Canvey Island Independent Party

Cynon Valley
 * People: Welsh
 * Proposed autonomous area: Cynon Valley
 * Political parties: The Cynon Valley Party

Gwynedd
 * People: Welsh
 * Proposed autonomous area: Gwynedd
 * Political parties: Llais Gwynedd

Isle of Wight
 * People: People from the Isle of Wight (Vectians)
 * Proposed autonomous area: Isle of Wight
 * Political parties: Vectis National Party

Shetland
 * People: People of Shetland
 * Proposed autonomous area: Shetland
 * Advocacy group: Wir Shetland
 * Political Parties: Shetland Movement, Orkney and Shetland Movement, Scottish Green Party

Yorkshire
 * People: People of Yorkshire
 * Proposed autonomous area: Yorkshire
 * Political parties: Yorkshire Party
 * Advocacy group: Yorkshire Devolution Movement

North East England
 * People: People of North East England
 * Proposed autonomous area: North East England
 * Political parties: North East Party

Wessex
 * People: People of Wessex
 * Proposed: autonomy for Wessex
 * Political party: Wessex Regionalists
 * Advocacy group: Wessex Constitutional Convention

Orkney Islands
 * People: Orkney islanders
 * Proposed: Autonomy within the United Kingdom or self governance under Norway
 * Advocacy group: Orkney Council
 * Political Parties: Orkney and Shetland Movement


 * Separatist movements of dependent territories

🇬🇮 Gibraltar
 * Ethnic group: Gibraltarians
 * Proposed state: 🇬🇮 Gibraltar
 * Political party: Liberal Party of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party

🇮🇲 Isle of Man


 * Ethnic group: Manx people
 * Proposed state: 🇮🇲 Isle of Man
 * Political party: Mec Vannin