List of colonies

This is a list of territories and polities that have been considered colonies.

British



 * French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies
 * British Senegambia
 * British Manila
 * Aden
 * British Sumatra (Bencoolen 1668-1824)
 * Afghanistan (de jure)
 * British America
 * Connecticut
 * Delaware
 * East Florida
 * Georgia
 * Indian Reserve
 * Jamaica
 * Maryland
 * Massachusetts Bay
 * Mosquito Coast
 * Newfoundland
 * New Hampshire
 * New Ireland (Maine)
 * New Jersey
 * New York
 * North Carolina
 * North-Western Territory
 * Pennsylvania
 * Quebec
 * Rhode Island
 * Rupert's Land
 * South Carolina
 * Virginia
 * West Florida
 * Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
 * Emirate of Afghanistan
 * Ascension Island
 * Ashanti
 * Australia
 * New South Wales
 * Victoria
 * Tasmania (formerly Van Diemen's Land)
 * Queensland
 * South Australia
 * Western Australia
 * Bahamas
 * Basutoland
 * British Borneo
 * Brunei
 * Labuan
 * North Borneo (protectorate)
 * North Borneo (crown colony)
 * Raj of Sarawak
 * Crown Colony of Sarawak
 * British East Africa
 * British Guiana
 * British Honduras
 * British Hong Kong
 * British Leeward Islands
 * Anguilla
 * Antigua
 * Barbuda
 * British Virgin Islands
 * Dominica
 * Montserrat
 * Nevis Procession1877.jpg of 1877: the proclamation of Queen Victoria as Empress of India]]
 * Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
 * Saint Kitts
 * British Malaya Battle of ferozeshah(H Martens).jpg, 1845–46]]
 * Federated Malay States
 * Straits Settlements
 * Unfederated Malay States
 * British Somaliland
 * British Western Pacific Territories
 * British Solomon Islands
 * Fiji
 * Gilbert and Ellice Islands
 * Phoenix Islands
 * Pitcairn Islands
 * New Hebrides (condominium with France)
 * Tonga
 * Union Islands
 * British Windward Islands
 * Barbados
 * Dominica
 * Grenada
 * Saint Lucia
 * Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 * Canada
 * British Columbia (1858–1866, 1866–1871)
 * Lower Canada
 * Newfoundland
 * Province of Canada
 * Queen Charlotte Islands
 * Stickeen Territories
 * Upper Canada
 * Vancouver Island
 * Cameroon
 * Ceylon
 * Christmas Island
 * Cocos (Keeling) Islands
 * British Cyprus
 * Akrotiri and Dhekelia
 * History of Egypt under the British
 * Bioko
 * Falkland Islands
 * Falkland Islands Dependencies
 * Graham Land
 * South Georgia
 * South Orkney Islands
 * South Shetland Islands
 * South Sandwich Islands
 * Victoria Land
 * Gambia Colony and Protectorate
 * Gibraltar
 * Somaliland
 * Gold Coast
 * British Raj
 * Assam Province
 * Bengal Presidency
 * Bombay Presidency
 * Burma
 * Central Provinces and Berar
 * Madras Presidency
 * Punjab Province (British India)
 * United Provinces (1937–1950)
 * Ajmer-Merwara
 * Andaman and Nicobar Islands
 * Baluchistan Agency
 * Coorg Province
 * North-West Frontier Province
 * Heard Island and McDonald Islands
 * United States of the Ionian Islands
 * British rule in Ireland
 * Colony of Jamaica
 * Kenya Colony
 * Maldives
 * Malta Colony
 * Mandatory Palestine
 * Emirate of Transjordan
 * Mandatory Iraq
 * British Mauritius
 * Mosquito Coast
 * Muscat and Oman
 * New Zealand
 * Norfolk Island
 * Colonial Nigeria
 * Lagos Colony
 * Northern Nigeria Protectorate
 * Southern Nigeria Protectorate
 * Federation of Nigeria
 * Rhodesia (region)
 * Mashonaland
 * Matabeleland
 * Northern Rhodesia
 * Nyasaland
 * Southern Rhodesia
 * Zimbabwe Rhodesia
 * Oregon Country
 * Seychelles
 * Sierra Leone
 * Shanghai International Settlement
 * Singapore
 * South Africa
 * British Bechuanaland
 * Cape Colony
 * Griqualand East
 * Griqualand West
 * Natal
 * Transvaal Colony
 * Orange River Colony
 * Southeastern Saudi Arabia
 * Southern Rhodesia
 * St Helena
 * Swaziland
 * The Californias
 * Trinidad and Tobago
 * Tristan da Cunha
 * Trucial States
 * Protectorate of Uganda
 * Anglo-Russian Convention
 * British expedition to Tibet
 * British Weihaiwei

French

 * French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies
 * Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
 * France Antarctique
 * De Rays Expedition
 * Equinoctial France
 * Inini
 * Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
 * Acadia
 * Algeria
 * Canada
 * Clipperton Island
 * Comoros Islands (including Mayotte)Expeditionconstantine.jpg.]]
 * Corsica
 * French Guiana
 * French Equatorial Africa
 * French Chad
 * Oubangui-Chari
 * French Congo
 * French India (Pondichéry, Chandernagor, Karikal, Mahé and Yanaon)
 * French Indochina
 * Annam Hocquard and Tonkinese.jpg, 1884]]
 * Tonkin
 * Cochinchina
 * Cambodia
 * Laos
 * French Polynesia
 * French Somaliland
 * French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * French West Africa
 * Ivory Coast
 * Dahomey
 * French Guinea LeCommandantMarchand.jpg's trek across Africa in 1898]]
 * French Sudan
 * Colonial Mauritania
 * Colony of Niger
 * Senegal
 * Upper Volta
 * Guadeloupe
 * Saint Barthélemy
 * Saint Martin
 * La Réunion
 * Louisiana
 * Madagascar
 * Martinique
 * French Morocco
 * French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon
 * New Caledonia
 * Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
 * Saint-Domingue
 * Shanghai French Concession (similar concessions in Kouang-Tchéou-Wan, Tientsin, Hankéou)
 * Tunisia
 * New Hebrides (condominium with Britain)
 * Wallis-et-Futuna
 * French concession of Hankou

Russian

 * Sagallo
 * Kauai (Hawaii) (1816–1817)
 * Russian America (Alaska) (1733–1867)
 * Fort Ross (California)
 * Northern Iran
 * Mongolia (Later conceded to the Soviet Union)
 * Russian Dalian
 * Tianjin

German

 * Bismarck Archipelago
 * Kamerun
 * Caroline Islands
 * German New Guinea
 * German Samoa
 * German Solomon Islands
 * German East Africa
 * German South-West Africa
 * Gilbert Islands
 * Jiaozhou Bay
 * German concession of Tianjin
 * Mariana Islands
 * Marshall Islands
 * Nauru
 * Palau
 * Togoland
 * Tianjin
 * Adelsverein
 * Klein-Venedig
 * Brandenburger Gold Coast
 * Caroline Islands
 * Wituland
 * Mahinland
 * German Congo Expedition
 * German attempts to colonise the Somali Coast
 * Kapitaï and Koba
 * New Swabia

Italian
-Italian Trans-Juba (briefly; annexed)
 * Italian Aegean Islands
 * Italian protectorate of Albania
 * Italian governorate of Dalmatia
 * Italian governorate of Montenegro
 * Italian Concession of Tientsin
 * Italian East Africa
 * Italian Eritrea
 * Italian Ethiopia
 * Italian Somaliland
 * Italian Libya
 * Italian Tripolitania
 * Italian Cyrenaica

Roman

 * Aegyptus
 * Achaia
 * Hispania
 * Lusitania
 * Illyricum
 * Aquitania
 * Gallia
 * Galatia
 * Raetia
 * Moesia
 * Judea
 * Britannia

Dutch

 * Dutch Brazil
 * Dutch Ceylon
 * Dutch Formosa
 * Dutch Cape Colony
 * Aruba
 * Bonaire
 * Curaçao
 * Saba
 * Sint Eustatius
 * Sint Maarten
 * Surinam (Dutch colony)
 * Dutch East Indies
 * Dutch New Guinea
 * Dutch Malacca
 * Senegambia (Dutch West India Company)

Portuguese

 * Portuguese Africa
 * Cabinda
 * Ceuta
 * Madeira
 * Portuguese Angola
 * Portuguese Cape Verde
 * Portuguese Guinea
 * Portuguese Mozambique
 * Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
 * Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá
 * Portuguese Asia
 * Portuguese India
 * Goa
 * Daman
 * DiuNieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665 0739.tif, 21–24 June 1622. Portuguese repel Dutch attack.]]
 * Portuguese Macau
 * Portuguese Nagasaki
 * Portuguese Ceylon
 * Portuguese Malacca
 * Portuguese Oman
 * Portuguese Oceania
 * Flores
 * Portuguese Timor
 * Solor
 * Portuguese South America
 * Colonial Brazil
 * Cisplatina
 * Misiones Orientales
 * Portuguese North America
 * Azores
 * Newfoundland and Labrador

Spanish



 * Canary Islands
 * Cape Juby
 * Captaincy General of Cuba
 * Spanish Florida
 * Spanish Louisiana
 * Captaincy General of the Philippines
 * Caroline Islands
 * Mariana Islands
 * Marshall Islands
 * Palau Islands
 * Spanish Oran
 * Spanish Tripoli
 * Ifni
 * Río de Oro
 * Saguia el-Hamra
 * Spanish Morocco
 * Tunisia
 * Algeria
 * Libya
 * Spanish Netherlands
 * Oran
 * Tripoli
 * Tunis
 * Béjaïa
 * Peñón of Algiers
 * Spanish Sahara
 * Spanish Naples
 * Spanish Sardinia
 * Spanish Sicily
 * Spanish Milan
 * Southeast and Eastern Europe
 * Viceroyalty of Peru
 * Captaincy General of Chile
 * Acre
 * Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
 * Spanish Guinea
 * Annobón
 * Fernando Po
 * Río Muni
 * Viceroyalty of New Granada
 * Captaincy General of Venezuela
 * Viceroyalty of New Spain
 * Captaincy General of Guatemala
 * Captaincy General of Yucatán
 * Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
 * Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
 * Spanish Formosa
 * Tidore
 * Brunei

Austrian

 * Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Tianjin
 * Austrian Netherlands
 * Nicobar Islands
 * North Borneo

Danish

 * Andaman and Nicobar Islands
 * Danish West Indies (now United States Virgin Islands)
 * Danish Norway
 * Orkney
 * Piltene
 * Shetland
 * Faroe Islands
 * Greenland
 * Iceland
 * Serampore
 * Danish Gold Coast
 * Danish India

Belgian

 * Belgian Congo
 * Ruanda-Urundi
 * Tianjin
 * Santo Tomás de Castilla, Guatemala (1843–1854)

Swedish

 * Baltic states
 * Guadeloupe
 * New Sweden
 * Saint Barthélemy
 * Swedish Pomerania
 * Swedish Gold Coast
 * Dominions of Sweden in continental Europe

Norse

 * Vinland
 * Helluland
 * Markland
 * Eastern Settlement
 * Western Settlement

Norwegian

 * Svalbard
 * Jan Mayen
 * Bouvet Island
 * Queen Maud Land
 * Peter I Island

Polish

 * New Courland
 * James Island
 * St. Mary's Island
 * Fort Jillifree
 * Toco

Australian

 * Papua New Guinea
 * Christmas Island
 * Cocos Islands
 * Coral Sea Islands
 * Heard Island and McDonald Islands
 * Norfolk Island
 * Nauru
 * Australian Antarctic Territory

New Zealander

 * Cook Islands
 * Nauru
 * Niue
 * Ross Dependency
 * Balleny Islands
 * Ross Island
 * Scott Island
 * Roosevelt Island
 * Samoa

Japanese

 * Aleutian Islands
 * Bonin Islands Martial law, Korea 1900s.jpg shot for pulling up rails as a protest against seizure of land without payment by the Japanese]]
 * Hokkaido
 * Karafuto
 * Korea
 * Kuril Islands
 * Kwantung Leased Territory
 * Manchuria
 * Nanyo
 * Caroline Islands
 * Marshall Islands
 * Northern Mariana Islands
 * Palau Islands
 * Penghu Islands
 * Ryukyu Domain
 * Taiwan
 * Volcano Islands

Thai (Siamese)

 * Kingdom of Vientiane (1778–1828)
 * Kingdom of Luang Prabang (1778–1893)
 * Kingdom of Champasak (1778–1893)
 * Kingdom of Cambodia (1771–1867)
 * Kedah (1821–1826)
 * Perlis (1821–1836)

Korean

 * Manchuria during The Goguryeo period
 * Noktundo during The Joseon period
 * Gando

Chinese

 * East Turkistan (Xinjiang) from 1884 – 1933, 1949–present
 * Guangxi (Tusi)
 * Hainan
 * Nansha Islands
 * Xisha Islands
 * Manchuria
 * Korea, partially, from 108 BC to 314 AD
 * Inner Mongolia
 * Outer Mongolia (Mongolia & Tuva) during the late Qing dynasty
 * Taiwan
 * Tibet (Kashag)
 * Tuva during the Qing dynasty
 * Yunnan (Tusi)
 * Vietnam during the Han, Sui, and Tang dynasties
 * Chinese concession of Incheon

Burmese

 * Siam (1569–1584, 1767–1776)
 * Kingdom of Vientiane (1765–1778)
 * Kingdom of Cambodia (1771–1776)
 * Assam (1826)

Indonesian

 * East Timor
 * West Papua

Thai/Siamese

 * Kingdom of Vientiane (1778–1828)
 * Kingdom of Luang Prabang (1778–1893)
 * Kingdom of Champasak (1778–1893)
 * Kingdom of Cambodia (1771–1867)
 * Terengganu (1800–1909)
 * Kedah (1821–1826)
 * Perlis (1821–1836)
 * Kelantan (1844-1909)
 * Principality of Phuan (1848–1893)

Omani
Omani Empire
 * Swahili coast
 * Zanzibar
 * Qatar
 * Bahrain
 * Somalia
 * Socotra

Vietnamese

 * Trấn Ninh (1828–1848)
 * Tây Thành (1834–1847)
 * Thuận Thành
 * Principality of Thuận Thành
 * Bình Định
 * Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam
 * Tây Thành

American
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
 * American Concession in Tianjin (1869–1902)
 * American Concession in Shanghai (1848–1863)
 * American Concession in Beihai (1876–1943)
 * American Concession in Harbin (1898–1943)
 * American Samoa
 * Beijing Legation Quarter (1861–1945)
 * Corn Islands (1914–1971)
 * Canton and Enderbury Islands
 * Caroline Islands
 * Cuba (Platt Amendment turned Cuba into a protectorate – until Cuban Revolution)
 * Falkland Islands (1832)
 * Guantánamo Bay
 * Guam
 * Gulangyu Island (1903–1945)
 * Haiti (1915–1934)
 * Hawaii
 * Indian Territory (1834–1907)
 * Isle of Pines (1899–1925)
 * Liberia (Independent since 1847, US protectorate until post-WW2)
 * Mexico City (1847)
 * Midway
 * Nicaragua (1912–1933)
 * Northern Mariana Islands
 * Palau
 * Palmyra Atoll
 * Panama (Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty turned Panama into a protectorate, protectorate until post-WW2)
 * Panama Canal Zone (1903–1979)
 * Philippines (1898–1946)
 * Puerto Rico
 * Veracruz
 * Quita Sueño Bank (1869–1981)
 * Roncador Bank (1856–1981)
 * Ryukyu Islands
 * Russian Far East
 * Shanghai International Settlement (1863–1945)
 * Sultanate of Sulu (1903–1915)
 * Swan Islands, Honduras (1914–1972)
 * Tangier International Zone (Now present-day Tangier, Morocco) (1924–1956)
 * Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
 * United States Virgin Islands
 * Wake Island
 * Wilkes Land

Mexican

 * Californias
 * Central America
 * Chiapas
 * Clipperton Island
 * Revillagigedo Islands
 * Texas
 * Manila

Guatemalan

 * Belize
 * Chiapas

Ecuadorian

 * Galápagos Islands

Colombian

 * Panama
 * Ecuador
 * Venezuela
 * Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

Venezuelan

 * Western part of Guyana

Argentine

 * Argentine Antarctica
 * Asuncion (1873)
 * California (1818)
 * Chile (1817–1818 during the Chilean war of independence)
 * Equatorial Guinea (1810–1815)
 * Falkland Islands and Dependencies (1829–1831, 1832–1833, 1982)
 * Formosa
 * Gobierno del Cerrito (1843–1851)
 * Gonaïves, Haití.
 * Misiones
 * Paraguay (1873)
 * Patagonia
 * Peru (1820–1822 during the Independence of Peru)
 * Philippines (1818)
 * Puna de Atacama (1839– )
 * San Martin Camp, Cyprus.
 * Tierra del Fuego
 * Uruguay (Cisplatine War)

Paraguayan

 * Mato Grosso do Sul
 * Formosa

Bolivian

 * Puna de Atacama (1825–1839 ceded to Argentina) (1825–1879 ceded to Chile)
 * Acre

Chilean

 * Patagonia
 * Tierra del Fuego
 * Easter Island

Brazilian

 * Uruguay
 * Acre
 * Cape Verde (Occupied for two years after independence)
 * Angola (During the Angolan war of independence)
 * Mozambique (During the Mozambican war of independence)
 * Asuncion
 * Brazilian Antarctica

Ethiopian

 * Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea
 * Yemen

South African

 * Namibia
 * Prince Edward Islands

Moroccan

 * Western Sahara

Ancient Egyptian

 * Canaan (present-day Israel)
 * Sudan

Ottoman (Turkish)

 * Sultanate of Aceh
 * Maldives
 * Rumelia
 * Ottoman North Africa
 * Ottoman Arabia
 * Ottoman Serbia
 * Ottoman Bulgaria
 * Ottoman Bosnia
 * Ottoman Albania
 * Ottoman Hungary
 * Ottoman Greece