List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars

The starting-points for List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars were threefold: (1) Green's 'Registration of Cultivar Names in Ulmus ' (1964), based on the contemporary nomenclature of elm species and wild hybrids; (2) Krüssmann's confirmation or correction of cultivar-names in his monumental Handbuch der Laubgehölze (1976); and (3) Santamour and Bentz's 'Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America' (1995). Since the 1990s there have been many new cultivars, some 'disease-resistant', either species cultivars (e.g. U. minor 'Ademuz', U. americana 'New Harmony') or cultivars with complex hybrid origins, the subject of ongoing trials. Information on these is taken from post-1990 scientific papers (see 'Further reading' below), pteleologists' articles,  and updated handbooks. There has not yet (2024) been a single recent collation comparable to Green's.

Green and Krüssmann acknowledged their debt to Rehder's list of elm-cultivar synonyms (1949), and to Schneider (1906), but the digitisation of older dendrologies, handbooks, and nursery-catalogues added cultivars and cultivation information missed or omitted by these four authorities. The list below makes good some of these omissions, additions justified by the survival of extensive elm collections in disease-control locations such as Edinburgh (known to have been stocked from one such nursery ), Brighton, Sweden, and New Zealand. Australia remains disease-free (2024) and has in quantity both well-known clones (e.g. 'Lutescens') and at least one old cultivar missed by Green and Krüssmann ('Canadian Giant'), as well as others that do not match European 'types'. "Deliberate planting of selected clones," wrote Spencer (1995) "combined with chance hybridisation, has resulted in a mix of elms [in Australia] rather different from that in England" (see Elms in Australia).

The older elm cultivars (sometimes called 'varieties') usually bore simple descriptive Latin names (e.g. 'Tortuosa', 'Argenteo-Variegata', 'Stricta') under their contemporary species headings, or, later, under hybrid headings, as hybrids were then understood. Early lists, with no more information than this, abound, and are a further source for the articles listed below; one of the fullest is, e.g., Beissner's (1903). Amongst the more discursive treatments, however, that included cultivation-history and subjective comment (and sometimes illustrations), used in articles in this list, were those of Loudon (1838) and Elwes and Henry (1913) in the UK, Browne in USA (1851), Petzold in Germany (1864), and Fontaine in the Nertherlands (1965). These more discursive and subjective dendrologists are frequently cited in the articles listed below for information that would have been out of place in Green and Krüssmann.

The turn of the 20th century was the heyday of ornamental elm cultivation, and Green noted that many cultivars had been inadequately described or illustrated before they were almost wiped out by the catastrophes of two Dutch elm disease epidemics and two world wars. Some had been described only from juvenile specimens whose ultimate size was unknown (e.g. U. minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' Späth ). The digitisation of university and arboretum herbarium specimens, however, (leaves and fruit), bearing original labels, – a process more advanced, by the 2020s, in European and American collections than in those of the UK, – and of old photographs of known cultivar-locations (see e.g. 'Atropurpurea'), has confirmed or supplemented the descriptions in many of the listed items. 'Lost' cultivars identified by Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh since 2016 through such old planting-location information, and through herbarium specimens, – and returned to cultivation, – include U. × hollandica 'Wentworthii Pendula', U. minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' Späth, and U. glabra 'Concavaefolia'.

Until the early 20th century, both wych cultivars and those of large-leaved European hybrids were often classified as Ulmus montana. The likely hybrid origin of some of the latter had, however, long been suspected, English carpenters for example referring to their 'Dutch elm' as 'bastard elm', while nurserymen knew that popular cultivars like 'Belgica' and 'Vegeta' could be raised reliably only by vegetative propagation or cloning, their seedlings not coming true to type. The nomenclature of hybrids was systematised by the mid-20th century. Research leading to the selection and breeding of cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease was under way in the Netherlands from the 1920s, in the US from the 1930s, in Italy from the 1970s, and in Spain from the 1990s.

Ulmus alata
Lace Parasol.

Ulmus americana
 American Liberty

Ascendens

Augustine

Aurea

Beaverlodge

Beebe's Weeping

Brandon

Burgoyne

College

Columnaris

Creole Queen

Deadfree

Delaware

Endurance

Exhibition

Fiorei

Flicks Spreader

Folia Aurea Variegata

Great Plains

Hines

Incisa

Independence

Iowa State

Jackson

Jefferson

JFS-Prince II =

Kimley

Klehmii

L'Assomption

Lake City

Lewis & Clark =

Littleford

Maine

Markham

Miller Park

Minneapolis Park

Moline

Morden

New Harmony

Nigricans

Patmore

Pendula

Penn Treaty

Princeton

Pyramidata

Queen City

Sheyenne

Skinner Upright

St. Croix

Star

Valley Forge

Variegata

Vase

Washington 

Ulmus crassifolia
Brazos Rim

Ulmus davidiana var. japonica
 Burgundy Glow =

Discovery

Freedom

JFS-Bieberich =

Jacan

Mitsui Centennial

Prospector

Reperta

Reseda

Thomson

Validation

Ulmus glabra
 Albo-Variegata

Australis

Camperdownii

Cebennensis

Concavaefolia

Cornuta

Corylifolia Purpurea

Corylifolia

Fastigiata Macrophylla

Fastigiata Stricta

Fastigiata Variegata

Firma

Flava

Gigantea

Gittisham

Grandidentata

Holgeri

Horizontalis

Insularis

Latifolia

Latifolia Aurea

Latifolia Aureo-Variegata

Latifolia Nigricans

Luteo Variegata

Lutescens

Macrophylla

Maculata

Minor

Nana

Nitida

Nigra

Oblongata

Pendula Macrophylla

Pendula Variegata

Pyrenaica

Spectabilis

Superba

Tomentosa

Ulmus laevis
 Aureovariegata

Colorans

Hardingen

Helena

Ornata

Pendula

Punctata

Urticifolia

Ulmus minor
Ademuz

Albo-Dentata

Amplifolia

Argenteo-Variegata

Atinia

Atinia Pyramidalis

Atinia Variegata

Bea Schwarz

Biltii

Christine Buisman

Concavaefolia

Coritana

Corky Cloud

Cretensis

Cucullata

Cucullata Variegata

Dehesa de Amaniel

Dehesa de la Villa

Dicksonii

Dijkwel

Erecta

Folia Alba-Punctata

Glandulosa

Goodyeri

Hoersholmiensis

Holmstruph

Hunnybunii

Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta

Jos van Slycken

Laciniata

Lanuginosa

Majadahonda

Microphylla Pendula

Microphylla Purpurea

Microphylla Rubra

Monumentalis

Pendula

Picturata

Plotii

Propendens

Punctata

Purpurascens

Purpurea

Retiro

Reverti

Rugosa

Rueppellii

Sarniensis

Schuurhoek

Silvery Gem

Sowerbyi

Stricta

Suberosa

Umbraculifera

Umbraculifera Gracilis

Viminalis

Viminalis Aurea

Viminalis Betulaefolia

Viminalis Gracilis

Viminalis Incisa

Viminalis Marginata

Viminalis Pendula

Viminalis Pulverulenta

Viminalis Stricta

Virgata

Webbiana

Ulmus parvifolia
 A. Ross Central Park =

BSNUPF =

Blizzard

Burgundy

Burnley Select

Catlin

Chessins

Churchyard

Cork Bark

DavesStraightUp =

D.B.Cole

Drake

Dynasty

Ed Wood

Elsmo

Emer I or Emerald Isle =

Emer II or Emerald Vase =

Emerald Prairie

Frosty

Garden City Clone

Geisha

Glory

Golden Rey

Hallelujah

Harzam =

Hokkaido

Jade Empress

King's Choice

Littleleaf

Lois Hole

Matthew

Milliken

Nire-keyaki

Ohio

Orange Ribbon

Pathfinder

Pendens

Prairie Shade

Prince Richard

Red Fall

Sabamiki

Sagei

Seiju

Select 380

Sempervirens

Small Frye

State Fair

Stone's Dwarf

Taiwan

The Thinker

Todd

UPMTF =

Ware's

Yarralumla

Yatsubusa

Zettler = 

Ulmus pumila
 Ansaloni

Aurea =

Aurescens

Chinkota

Dropmore

Dwarf Weeper

Green King

Hansen

Harbin

Manchu

Mauro

Mopheads

Mr. Buzz

Park Royal

Pendula

Pinnato-ramosa

Poort Bulten

Puszta

Pyramidalis Fiorei

Zhonghua Jinye





Ulmus × arbuscula
U. glabra × U. pumila. Russia

Ulmus × arkansana
U. serotina × U. crassifolia. US

Ulmus × brandisiana
U. chumlia × U. wallichiana. India, Pakistan

Ulmus davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica × U. minor. US

Ulmus × diversifolia
U. glabra × U. minor 'Coritana' × U. minor 'Plotii'. UK

Ulmus × hollandica
U. glabra × U. minor. [Dutch Elm, (US) Netherland Elm.] Europe  Alba

Angustifolia

Balder

Belgica

Blandford

Canadian Giant

Cicestria

Cinerea

Commelin

Dampieri

Dauvessei

Daveyi

Dovaei

Dumont

Elegantissima

Eleganto-Variegata

Etrusca

Fastigiata

Fjerrestad

Folia Rhomboidea

Freja

Fulva

Gaujardii

Groeneveld

Haarlemensis

Klemmer

Loke

Macrophylla Aurea

Major

Microphylla

Modiolina

Muscaviensis

Nottingham

Odin

Pioneer

Pitteurs

Serpentina

Smithii

Superba

Tricolor

Tyr

Vegeta

Viminalis

Viscosa

Wentworthii Pendula

Wredei

Ypreau

var. insularum

Ulmus × intermedia
Ulmus x intermedia. US <section begin=Ulmus_x_intermedia_cultivars /> Coolshade

Improved Coolshade

Fremont

Lincoln

Rosehill

Willis<section end=Ulmus_x_intermedia_cultivars />



Ulmus × mesocarpa
U. macrocarpa × U. davidiana var. japonica. Korea

U. minor × U. pumila
U. minor × U. pumila. Spain, Italy, Uzbekistan Androssowii

Fiorente

Fuente Umbria

Recerta

Toledo

Complex hybrids and other crossings

 * Ulmus 'Amsterdam'. 'Bea Schwarz' × U. minor. Netherlands, before 1950.
 * Ulmus 'Arno'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2006.
 * Ulmus 'Cathedral'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1994.
 * Ulmus 'Charisma': See under 'Morton Glossy' =
 * Ulmus 'Clusius'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed. Netherlands, 1983.
 * Ulmus 'Columella'. 'Plantyn' × U. minor. Netherlands, 1989.
 * Ulmus 'Curro'. U. minor R1 × U. minor  S22. Spain, 2022.
 * Ulmus 'Den Haag'. U. pumila × 'Belgica'. Netherlands, 1936.
 * Ulmus 'Dodoens'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
 * Ulmus 'Endeavor'. (U. americana × U. davidiana var. japonica) . US, 2022.
 * Ulmus 'Europa'. ((U. glabra × U. minor) × 'Commelin'). Netherlands, 2021.
 * Ulmus 'Fagel'. (U. wallichiana × ‘Commelin’) × (‘Dodoens’ × (U. glabra × U. minor)). Netherlands, 2021.
 * Ulmus 'Frontier'. U. minor × U. parvifolia. US, 1990.
 * Ulmus 'Klondike'. 'Plantyn' × 'Wredei'. Netherlands, 2021.
 * Ulmus 'Homestead'. U. pumila × ('Commelin' × (U. pumila × 'Hoersholmiensis')). US, 1984.
 * Ulmus 'Karagatch'. U. pumila × U. × androssowii? Turkestan, c. 1910
 * Ulmus 'Lobel'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
 * Ulmus 'Marga'. U. minor R2 × U. minor  S32. Spain, 2022.
 * Ulmus 'Morfeo'. (U. × hollandica × U. minor) × U. chenmoui. Italy, 2010.
 * Ulmus 'Morton' = . U. davidiana var. japonica × U. davidiana var. japonica. US, 2000.
 * Ulmus 'Morton Glossy' = . 'Morton' = × 'Morton Plainsman' = . US, 2000.
 * Ulmus 'Morton Plainsman' = . U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. US, 2000.
 * Ulmus 'Morton Red Tip' = . 'Morton' = open pollination. US, circa 2000.
 * Ulmus 'Morton Stalwart' = . 'Morton' = × (U. pumila × U. minor). US, 2000.
 * Ulmus 'Nanguen' = . 'Plantyn' × ('Bea Schwarz' × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed). Netherlands, 2002.
 * Ulmus 'New Horizon'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1994.
 * Ulmus 'Night Rider'. U. davidiana var. japonica × (U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila). Canada, 2020.
 * Ulmus 'Patriot'. 'Urban' × 'Prospector'. US, 1993.
 * Ulmus 'Plantyn' or 'Plantijn'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × (U. minor × U. minor). Netherlands, 1973.
 * Ulmus 'Plinio'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
 * Ulmus 'Rageth'. US, before 1954.
 * Ulmus 'Rebella'. U. parvifolia × U. americana. US, 2011.
 * Ulmus 'Rebona'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1993.
 * Ulmus 'Regal'. 'Commelin' × Dutch clone '215' (U. pumila × 'Hoersholmiensis'). US, 1983.
 * Ulmus 'Repura'. 'Regal' × (U. rubra × (U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica)). US, 1993.
 * Ulmus 'Revera'. 'Regal' × (U. rubra × (U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica)). US, 1993.
 * Ulmus 'San Zanobi'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
 * Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1975.
 * Ulmus 'Sapporo Gold 2' (Resista). U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1990.
 * Ulmus 'Stavast'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Commelin'. Netherlands, c.1985.
 * Ulmus 'Urban'. Dutch clone '148' ('Vegeta' × U. minor) × U. pumila. US, 1976.
 * Ulmus 'Wanoux' = . 'Plantyn' × 'Plantyn' selfed. Netherlands, 2006.
 * Ulmus 'Wingham'. (((U. wallichiana × U. minor) × (U. pumila × U. minor)) o.p. × (U. × hollandica ‘Vegeta’ × U. minor)) o.p. UK, 2019.
 * and others without formal hybrid names.

Cultivars of unconfirmed derivation
{{flatlist|
 * Acutifolia
 * Alata
 * Alksuth
 * Argenteo-Marginata
 * Aspera
 * Atropurpurea
 * Australis
 * Berardii
 * Betulaefolia Nigrescens
 * Crispa
 * Crispa Aurea
 * Crispa Pendula
 * Densa
 * Escaillard
 * Exoniensis
 * Fastigiata Glabra
 * Folia Aurea
 * Folia Rubra
 * Folia Variegata Pendula
 * Gallica
 * Glabra
 * Globosa
 * Hamburg
 * Hertfordensis Angustifolia
 * Hertfordensis Latifolia
 * Hillieri
 * Jacqueline Hillier
 * Jalaica
 * Kansas Hybrid
 * Klemmer Blanc
 * Koopmannii
 * Lombartsii
 * Louis van Houtte
 * Marmorata
 * Monstrosa
 * Myrtifolia
 * Myrtifolia Purpurea
 * Nemoralis
 * Nigrescens
 * Planeroides
 * Planifolia
 * Purpurea
 * Pyramidalis Bertini
 * Ramulosa
 * Rotundifolia
 * Rubra
 * Rufa
 * Rugosa
 * Scampstoniensis
 * Sericea
 * Tiliaefolia
 * Tortuosa
 * Turkestanica
 * Variegata Nova
 * Virens



Others

 * aff. 'Plotii'
 * Ulmus of King & Co}}

Misidentified genus

 * Pitteurs Pendula