List of fortifications

This is a list of fortifications past and present, a fortification being a major physical defensive structure often composed of a more or less wall-connected series of forts.

Individual fortifications
listed by name
 * A Famosa, built in the 16th century in Malacca by the Portuguese following their defeat of the Malaccan Sultante
 * Alderney
 * Alpine Wall
 * Anastasian Wall, built in the 5th century across the Thracian peninsula for the protection of Constantinople
 * Antonine Wall, built by the Romans in northern Britain
 * Atlantic Wall, constructed by the Germans during the Second World War
 * Babylon Fortress in Old Cairo.
 * Baggush Box
 * Bar Lev Line
 * Beijing city fortifications
 * British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War
 * British hardened field defences of World War II
 * Castle of Bouka, Preveza, Greece
 * Brimstone Hill Fortress, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Saint Kitts and Nevis
 * Cairo Citadel, Egypt
 * Castle Islands Fortifications, Bermuda
 * Chester city walls, Chester, England
 * Corradino Lines, Paola, Malta
 * Cottonera Lines, Cottonera, Malta
 * Czechoslovak border fortifications
 * Danevirke
 * Devils Battery, Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia
 * Defense line of Amsterdam
 * The Dutch Water Line, protecting the core provinces of the Netherlands, utilising the flooding of areas with water
 * Elvas Fortifications, the largest bulwarked dry ditch system in the world, protecting the Portuguese garrison border town of Elvas
 * Festungsfront Oder-Warthe-Bogen
 * Floriana Lines, Floriana, Malta
 * Fort Carré
 * Fort Jesus, built in the 15th century in Mombassa by the Portuguese
 * Götavirke (Sweden)
 * Great Wall of China, built as a protection from the northern steppe nomads
 * Great Abatis Border
 * Gustav Line, a fortified German defensive line in Italy during the Second World War
 * Hadrian's Wall, built by the Romans in northern Britain
 * Hexamilion wall, built across the Isthmus of Corinth
 * Hilsea Lines, built to protect Portsmouth
 * Hindenburg line
 * Humaitá
 * Hindenburg Wall
 * Intramuros, Manila
 * Justinian Walls (in several locations along the borders of the Byzantine empire)
 * Klis Fortress in Croatia
 * Krepost Sveaborg, Imperial Russian First World War fortifications around Helsinki
 * Limes Germanicus, Roman defensive line along the Rhine and in South-western Germany
 * Limes Moesiae - defensive frontier system in Southeast Europe, a collection of Roman fortifications between the Black Sea shore and Pannonia, present-day Hungary, consisting primarily of forts along the Danube (so-called Danubian Limes) to protect the Roman provinces of Upper and Lower Moesia south of the river
 * Lines of Torres Vedras, built to protect the Lisbon Region, during the Peninsular War
 * London Wall, the Roman wall around the city
 * Maginot Line, built by France in the 1930s
 * Mannerheim Line, built by Finland across the Karelian Isthmus
 * Metaxas Line, built during 1936–1940 by Greece along its frontier with Bulgaria
 * Molotov Line
 * Montségur
 * National Redoubt (Belgium)
 * Newcastle town wall
 * Offa's Dyke, an 8th-century earthwork dividing England and Wales
 * Grim's Ditch
 * Per Albin Line (Sweden)
 * Petrovaradin fortress, in Northern Serbia, Austrian fortress from the 18th century
 * Rupel Fortress, in Northern Greece, later incorporated in the Metaxas Line
 * Rupnik Line
 * Santa Margherita Lines, in Cospicua, Malta
 * Saxon Shore, in southern Britain and northern France
 * Siegfried Line, constructed along Nazi Germany's western borders in the 1930s
 * Stalin Line, built along the Soviet Union's western borders in the 1930s
 * Suomenlinna, an 18th-century fortress in Helsinki
 * Victoria Lines, in northern Malta
 * York city walls

Europe

 * Ceintures de Lyon, built in the 19th century to surround the city of Lyon, France
 * Walled city of Jajce, Bosnia
 * Walled city of Počitelj, Bosnia
 * Walled city of Vratnik, Bosnia
 * Walls of Constantinople (modern day Istanbul), surrounding the city since the 4th century
 * Walls of Dubrovnik, Croatia
 * Roman walls of Lugo, Galicia, surrounding the city since the 1st century
 * Walls of Ávila, Spain
 * Walls of Nicosia, Cyprus
 * Walls of Ston, Croatia
 * Fortifications of Antwerp, Belgium
 * Fortifications of Birgu, Malta
 * Fortifications of Chania, Crete, Greece
 * Fortifications of Famagusta, Cyprus
 * Fortifications of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
 * Fortifications of London, England
 * Lines of Communication (London), English Civil War fortifications built around London between 1642 and 1643
 * London Defence Positions
 * Outer London Defence Ring
 * Military citadels under London
 * Fortifications of Kotor, Montenegro
 * Fortifications of Mdina, Malta
 * Fortifications of Messina, Sicily, Italy
 * Fortifications of Metz, France
 * Fortifications of Portsmouth, England
 * Fortifications of Senglea, Malta
 * Fortifications of Valletta, Malta
 * Defence lines of the Netherlands
 * List of town walls in England and Wales
 * Rocca di Manerba del Garda (Lombardy), Italy

Africa

 * Egypt