List of invasive species in South Africa

This is a list of invasive species in South Africa, including invasive species of plants, animals, and other organisms in South Africa.

A list of invasive species has been published under the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act of 2004.

Microorganisms
Microorganisms considered to be invasive species include:

Algae
Invasive species of algae include:
 * Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides – dead man's fingers
 * Hypnea musciformis – hypnea
 * Kappaphycus spp. – agar-agars

Plants
Invasive species of plants include:


 * Acacia adunca – cascade wattle
 * Acacia baileyana – Bailey's wattle
 * Acacia cyclops – red eye
 * Acacia decurrens – green wattle
 * Acacia elata – pepper tree wattle
 * Acacia mearnsii – black wattle
 * Acacia melanoxylon – Australian blackwood
 * Acacia podalyriifolia – pearl acacia
 * Acacia saligna – Port Jackson willow
 * Acacia stricta – hop wattle
 * Agave sisalana – sisal
 * Agrimonia procera – fragrant agrimony
 * Ailanthus altissima – tree of heaven
 * Alisma plantago-aquatica – common water-plantain
 * Anredera cordifolia – Madeira vine
 * Antigonon leptopus – coral creeper
 * Ardisia elliptica – shoebutton ardisia
 * Aristolochia littoralis – elegant Dutchman's pipe
 * Atriplex lindleyi ssp. inflata – spongefruit saltbush
 * Atriplex nummularia – old man saltbush
 * Austrocylindropuntia subulata – longspine cactus
 * Azolla pinnata ssp. asiatica – mosquito fern
 * Bartlettina sordida – blue mist flower
 * Bauhinia purpurea – butterfly orchid tree
 * Bauhinia variegata – orchid tree
 * Billardiera heterophylla – bluebell creeper
 * Cabomba caroliniana – Carolina fanwort
 * Caesalpinia gilliesii – bird of paradise bush
 * Callisia repens – creeping inchplant
 * Calotropis procera – apple of Sodom
 * Cardiospermum grandiflorum – showy balloon vine
 * Casuarina cunninghamiana – beefwood
 * Casuarina equisetifolia – horsetail tree
 * Catharanthus roseus – Madagascar rosy periwinkle
 * Cestrum spp. – jessamines
 * Chondrilla juncea – skeletonweed
 * Cirsium japonicum – Japanese thistle
 * Cotoneaster franchetii – Franchet's cotoneaster
 * Cotoneaster glaucophyllus – late cotoneaster
 * Cotoneaster pannosus – silverleaf cotoneaster
 * Cotoneaster salicifolius – willow-leaved cotoneaster
 * Cotoneaster simonsii – Himalayan cotoneaster
 * Crotalaria agatiflora – canarybird bush
 * Cryptostegia madagascariensis – Madagascar rubber vine
 * Cylindropuntia fulgida – jumping cholla
 * Cylindropuntia imbricata – imbricate cholla
 * Diplocyclos palmatus – lollipop-climber
 * Dipogon lignosus – Australian pea
 * Dolichandra unguis-cati – catclaw creeper
 * Echinodorus cordifolius – creeping burhead
 * Echinodorus tenellus – Amazon sword plant
 * Egeria densa – Brazilian waterweed
 * Eichhornia crassipes – common water hyacinth
 * Elodea canadensis – Canadian waterweed
 * Equisetum hyemale – rough horsetail
 * Eriobotrya japonica – loquat
 * Eucalyptus camaldulensis – river red gum
 * Eucalyptus cladocalyx – sugar gum
 * Eucalyptus diversicolor – karri
 * Eucalyptus grandis – rose gum
 * Eucalyptus paniculata – grey ironbark
 * Eucalyptus sideroxylon – red ironbark
 * Euphorbia esula – leafy spurge
 * Euphorbia leucocephala – pascuita
 * Fallopia sachalinensis – giant knotweed
 * Flaveria bidentis – smelter's bush
 * Galium tricornutum – corn cleavers
 * Genista monspessulana – Montpellier broom
 * Gleditsia triacanthos – honey locust
 * Grevillea banksii – red silky oak
 * Homalanthus populifolius – bleeding heart
 * Hydrilla verticillata – hydrilla
 * Hydrocleys nymphoides – water poppy
 * Hylocereus undatus – night-blooming cereus
 * Hypericum androsaemum – tutsan
 * Hypericum perforatum – common St. John's wort
 * Ipomoea carnea ssp. fistulosa – morning-glory bush
 * Ipomoea purpurea – tall morning glory
 * Iris pseudacorus – yellow flag
 * Jacaranda mimosifolia – blue jacaranda
 * Jatropha gossypiifolia – cotton-leaf physic nut
 * Kalanchoe delagoensis – chandelier plant
 * Kali tragus – Russian thistle
 * Kunzea ericoides – burgan
 * Lantana spp. – lantanas
 * Ligustrum japonicum – Japanese privet
 * Ligustrum lucidum – glossy privet
 * Ligustrum ovalifolium – California privet
 * Ligustrum sinense – Chinese privet
 * Ligustrum vulgare – common privet
 * Lilium formosanum – Formosa lily
 * Linaria dalmatica – Dalmatian toadflax
 * Linaria vulgaris – common toadflax
 * Ludwigia peruviana – Peruvian primrosebush
 * Lythrum hyssopifolia – hyssop loosestrife
 * Lythrum salicaria – purple loosestrife
 * Malva arborea – tree mallow
 * Malva verticillata – Chinese mallow
 * Malvastrum coromandelianum – prickly malvastrum
 * Marsilea mutica – nardoo
 * Melaleuca hypericifolia – hillock bush
 * Melia azedarach – Persian lilac
 * Metrosideros excelsa – New Zealand Christmas tree
 * Mimosa pigra – giant sensitive plant
 * Mirabilis jalapa – marvel of Peru
 * Morus alba – white mulberry
 * Myoporum laetum – New Zealand manatoka
 * Myriophyllum aquaticum – parrotfeather
 * Nasturtium officinale – watercress
 * Nephrolepis exaltata – sword fern
 * Nicandra physalodes – apple of Peru
 * Nuphar lutea – yellow water-lily
 * Nymphaea mexicana – Mexican water-lily
 * Nymphoides peltata – yellow floating-heart
 * Opuntia engelmannii – Engelmann's prickly-pear
 * Opuntia microdasys – bunny ears cactus
 * Orobanche ramosa – branching broomrape
 * Parkinsonia aculeata – Mexican palo verde
 * Paspalum quadrifarium – tussock paspalum
 * Passiflora tarminiana – banana passionfruit
 * Passiflora tripartita – banana passionfruit
 * Paulownia tomentosa – empress tree
 * Pennisetum purpureum – Napier grass
 * Persicaria capitata – pink-head knotweed
 * Phytolacca americana – American pokeweed
 * Phytolacca dioica – belhambra
 * Phytolacca icosandra – tropical pokeweed
 * Pinus canariensis – Canary Islands pine
 * Pinus elliottii – slash pine
 * Pinus halepensis – Aleppo pine
 * Pinus patula – patula pine
 * Pinus pinaster – cluster pine
 * Pinus radiata – Monterey pine
 * Pinus roxburghii – chir pine
 * Pinus taeda – loblolly pine
 * Plectranthus barbatus – Indian coleus
 * Pontederia cordata – pickerelweed
 * Populus alba – white poplar
 * Potentilla indica – mock strawberry
 * Prosopis glandulosa – honey mesquite
 * Prosopis velutina – velvet mesquite
 * Prunus serotina – black cherry
 * Psidium cattleianum – strawberry guava
 * Psidium × durbanensis – Durban guava
 * Psidium guajava – common guava
 * Psidium guineense – Brazilian guava
 * Pueraria montana – kudzu
 * Pyracantha angustifolia – narrowleaf firethorn
 * Pyracantha coccinea – red firethorn
 * Pyracantha crenatoserrata – broadleaf firethorn
 * Pyracantha crenulata – Himalayan firethorn
 * Pyracantha koidzumii – Formosa firethorn
 * Pyracantha rogersiana – Asian firethorn
 * Ricinus communis – castor oil plant
 * Robinia pseudoacacia – black locust
 * Rubus armeniacus – Himalayan blackberry
 * Rubus flagellaris – common dewberry
 * Rubus fruticosus – European blackberry
 * Rubus niveus – Ceylon raspberry
 * Rumex usambarensis – East African dock
 * Salix babylonica – weeping willow
 * Salix × fragilis – crack willow
 * Salsola kali – tumbleweed
 * Salvia tiliifolia – lindenleaf sage
 * Salvinia molesta – giant salvinia
 * Sambucus canadensis – Canadian elder
 * Sambucus nigra – European elder
 * Senna bicapsularis – rambling senna
 * Senna didymobotrya – peanut butter cassia
 * Senna hirsuta – woolly senna
 * Senna occidentalis – septicweed
 * Senna pendula – Christmas senna
 * Senna septemtrionalis – arsenic bush
 * Solanum chrysotrichum – giant devil's fig
 * Solanum pseudocapsicum – Jerusalem cherry
 * Sorghum halepense – Johnson grass
 * Syngonium podophyllum – arrowhead vine
 * Syzygium cumini – jambolan
 * Syzygium jambos – rose apple
 * Tamarix aphylla – Athel tree
 * Tamarix gallica – French tamarisk
 * Tephrocactus articulatus – pine cone cactus
 * Tipuana tipu – tipu tree
 * Toona ciliata – toon
 * Toxicodendron succedaneum – wax tree
 * Tradescantia fluminensis – small-leaf spiderwort
 * Tradescantia zebrina – inchplant
 * Verbena bonariensis – tall verbena
 * Verbena brasiliensis – Brazilian verbena
 * Vinca major – greater periwinkle
 * Vinca minor – lesser periwinkle
 * Vitex trifolia – Indian three-leaf vitex

Tunicates
Invasive species of tunicates include:

Annelids
Invsive species of annelids include:
 * Ficopomatus enigmaticus – Australian tubeworm
 * Boccardia proboscidea – shell worm

Molluscs
Invasive species of molluscs include:
 * Aplexa marmorata – marbled tadpole snail
 * Bradybaena similaris – Asian trampsnail
 * Cochlicella barbara – potbellied helicellid
 * Deroceras invadens – tramp slug
 * Deroceras laeve – marsh slug
 * Cornu aspersum – garden snail
 * Limax flavus – yellow slug
 * Milax gagates – greenhouse slug
 * Mytilus galloprovincialis – Mediterranean mussel
 * Pseudosuccinea columella – mimic lymnaea
 * Semimytilus algosus – Pacific mussel
 * Tarebia granifera – quilted melania
 * Theba pisana – white garden snail
 * Zonitoides arboreus – quick gloss

Crustaceans
Invasive species of crustaceans include:
 * Carcinus maenas – European shore crab
 * Cherax quadricarinatus – redclaw crayfish
 * Procambarus clarkii – red swamp crayfish

Insects
Invasive species of insects include:
 * Aedes albopictus – Asian tiger mosquito
 * Anoplolepis gracilipes – yellow crazy ant
 * Aphis spiraecola – green citrus aphid
 * Aulacaspis yasumatsui – cycad aulacaspis scale
 * Bactrocera invadens – Asian fruit fly
 * Bemisia tabaci – silverleaf whitefly
 * Cactoblastis cactorum – cactus moth
 * Cinara cupressi – cypress aphid
 * Coptotermes formosanus – Formosan subterranean termite
 * Cosmopolites sordidus – banana root borer
 * Cryptotermes brevis – West Indian drywood termite
 * Ctenarytaina eucalypti – blue gum psyllid
 * Eulachnus rileyi – pine needle aphid
 * Frankliniella occidentalis – western flower thrips
 * Harmonia axyridis – Asian lady beetle
 * Hylastes ater – black pine bark beetle
 * Hylurgus ligniperda – red-haired pine bark beetle
 * Icerya purchasi – cottony cushion scale
 * Linepithema humile – Argentine ant
 * Orthotomicus erosus – Mediterranean pine engraver
 * Phenacoccus manihoti – cassava mealybug
 * Pineus pini – pine woolly aphid
 * Polistes dominula – European paper wasp
 * Pseudococcus calceolariae – Citrophilus mealybug
 * Sirex noctilio – Sirex woodwasp
 * Technomyrmex albipes – white-footed ant
 * Thaumastocoris peregrinus – bronze bug
 * Vespula germanica – European wasp
 * Xyleborinus saxesenii – fruit-tree pinhole borer
 * Xylosandrus compactus – black twig borer

Fish
Invasive species of fish include:
 * Ctenopharyngodon idella – grass carp
 * Cyprinus carpio – common carp
 * Gambusia affinis – western mosquitofish
 * Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – silver carp
 * Lepomis macrochirus – bluegill
 * Micropterus dolomieu – smallmouth bass
 * Micropterus punctulatus – spotted bass
 * Micropterus salmoides – largemouth bass
 * Micropterus salmoides floridanus – Florida bass
 * Oreochromis niloticus – Nile tilapia (and hybrids)
 * Perca fluviatilis – European perch
 * Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus – vermiculated sailfin catfish
 * Salmo salar – Atlantic salmon
 * Tinca tinca – tench

Amphibians
Invasive species of amphibians include:
 * Amietophrynus gutturalis – guttural toad

Reptiles
Invasive species of reptiles include:
 * Emys orbicularis – European pond turtle
 * Gehyra mutilata – stump-tailed gecko
 * Hemidactylus frenatus – common house gecko
 * Lepidodactylus lugubris – mourning gecko
 * Tarentola mauritanica – Moorish wall gecko
 * Trachemys scripta ssp. elegans – red-eared slider

Birds
Invasive species of birds include:
 * Acridotheres tristis – common myna
 * Anas platyrhynchos – mallard (and hybrids)
 * Columba livia – rock dove
 * Corvus splendens – house crow
 * Fringilla coelebs – common chaffinch
 * Sturus vulgaris – European starling

Mammals
Invasive species of mammals include:
 * Felis silvestris – cat
 * Hemitragus jemlahicus – Himalayan tahr
 * Mus musculus – house mouse
 * Rattus rattus – black rat
 * Sus scrofa – feral pig