List of leaders of dependent territories in 2018

This is a list of leaders of dependent territories in 2018

Argentina

 *  Argentine Antarctica (claimed territory)
 * administered by the Governor of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and the Islands of the South Atlantic Province of the Argentine Republic
 * the Argentinian Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries

Australia

 * 🇦🇺 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Australian Minister for Regional Development, Territories and Local Government to 28 August and then by Australian Assistant Minister for Regional Development and Territories
 * 🇦🇺 Australian Antarctic Territory (territory)
 * administered by the Australian Antarctic Division under the Minister for the Environment and Energy to 24 August and then under Minister of Environment]]
 * the Australian Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 * 🇨🇽 Christmas Island (territory)
 * Administrator – Natasha Griggs, Administrator of Christmas Island (2017–present)
 * President of Shire – Gordon Thomson, President of the Christmas Island Shire Council (2013–present)
 * 🇨🇨 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (territory)
 * Administrator – Natasha Griggs, Administrator of Cocos Island (2017–present)
 * President of the Shire – Seri Wati Iku, President of the Shire Council of Cocos Island (2017–2019)
 * 🇦🇺 Coral Sea Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Australian Minister for Regional Development, Territories and Local Government to 28 August and then by Australian Assistant Minister for Regional Development and Territories
 * 🇦🇺 Heard Island and McDonald Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Australian Antarctic Division of the ministry of Environment
 *  Lord Howe Island (unincorporated, self-governed, area of New South Wales)
 * Chairman of the Board – Sonja Stewart, Chairman of the Lord Howe Island Board (2015–2019)
 * Macquarie Island (uninhabited territory of Tasmania)
 * administered by the Park and Wildlife Service under the Tasmanian MInister for Environment, Parks and Heritage to 21 March and then under Minister for Parks
 * 🇳🇫 Norfolk Island (territory)
 * Administrator – Eric Hutchinson, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2017–present)
 * General Manager – Lotta Jackson, General Manager of Norfolk Island (2016–2019)
 * Mayor – Robin Adams, Mayor of Norfolk Island (2016–2021)
 * Torres Strait Islands (territory with a special status fitting the native land rights)
 * Chairperson of the Regional Authority – Pedro Stephen Napau, Chairperson of the Torres Strait Regional Authority (2016–present)

Brazil

 * 🇧🇷 Brazilian Antarctica (claimed territory)
 * Chairman of the National Commission on Antarctic Matters (Minister of External Relations of Brazil) – Aloysio Nunes, Chairman of the Brazilian National Commission on Antarctic Matters (2017–2019)
 * the Brazilian Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries

Chile

 *  Chilean Antarctic Territory (claimed territory)
 * Governor of Province –
 * Daniela Vanessa Díaz Mayorga, Governor of Antártica Chilena Province (2017–2018)
 * Juan José Arcos, Governor of Antártica Chilena Province (2018-2019)
 * the Chilean Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 *  Easter Island (territory)
 * Governor of Province –
 * Melania Carolina Hotu Hey, Governor of Easter Island Province (2015–2021)
 * Laura Tarita Alarcón Rapu, Governor of Easter Island Province (2018–present)
 * Mayor – Pero Edmunds Paoa, Mayor of Easter Island (2012–present)

People's Republic of China (PRC)

 * 🇭🇰 Hong Kong (special administrative region)
 * Chief Executive – Carrie Lam, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2017–2022)
 *  Macau (special administrative region)
 * Chief Executive – Fernando Chui, Chief Executive of Macau (2009–2019)

Denmark

 * 🇫🇴 Faroe Islands (autonomous territory)
 * High Commissioner – Lene Moyell Johansen, High Commissioner of the Faroe Islands (2017–present)
 * Prime Minister – Aksel V. Johannesen, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2015–2019)
 * 🇬🇱 Greenland (autonomous territory)
 * High Commissioner – Mikaela Engell, High Commissioner of Greenland (2011–present)
 * Prime Minister – Kim Kielsen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2014–2021)

Ecuador

 *  Galápagos Islands (province)
 * Governor and Chairman of the Governing Council – Lorena Tapia Núñez, Governor and Chairman of the Governing Council with Special Regime of Galapagos Island (2017–2019)

Finland

 * 🇦🇽 Åland Islands (autonomous region)
 * Governor – Peter Lindbäck, Governor of Åland Islands (1999–present)
 * Premier – Katrin Sjögren, Premier of Åland Islands (2015–2019)

France

 * Bassas da India (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * 🇫🇷 Clipperton Island (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the French minister of Overseas France through the high commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia
 * Europa Island (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * 🇬🇫 French Guiana (Guyane) (overseas département and region)
 * Prefect – Patrice Faure, Prefect of French Guiana (2017–2019)
 * President of the Territorial Authority – Rodolphe Alexandre, President of the Territorial Authority of Guyane (2015–2021)
 * 🇵🇫 French Polynesia (overseas country)
 * High Commissioner – René Bidal, High Commissioner of French Polynesia (2016–2019)
 * President – Édouard Fritch, President of French Polynesia (2014–present)
 *  French Southern and Antarctic Lands (overseas territory)
 * Administrator-Superior –
 * Cécile Pozzo di Borgo, Administrator Superior of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2014–2018)
 * Anne Tagand, Acting Administrator Superior of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2018)
 * Christine Geoffroy, Acting Administrator Superior of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2018)
 * Évelyne Decorps, Administrator Superior of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2018–2020)
 * the French Antarctic claim (Adélie Land) has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 * Glorioso Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * 🇬🇵 Guadeloupe (overseas département and region)
 * Prefect –
 * Éric Maire, Prefect of Guadeloupe (2017–2018)
 * Virginie Kles, Acting Prefect of Guadeloupe (2018)
 * Philippe Gustin, Prefect of Guadeloupe (2018–2020)
 * President of the Regional Council – Ary Chalus, President of the Regional Council of Guadeloupe (2015–present)
 * President of the Departmental Council – Josette Borel-Lincertin, President of the Departmental Council of Guadeloupe (2015–2021)
 * Juan de Nova Island (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * 🇲🇶 Martinique (overseas département and region)
 * Prefect – Franck Robine, Prefect of Martinique (2017–2020)
 * President of the Executive Council – Alfred Marie-Jeanne, President of the Executive Council of Martinique (2015–2021)
 * 🇾🇹 Mayotte (overseas département and region)
 * Prefect –
 * Frédéric Veau, Prefect of Mayotte (2016–2019)
 * Dominique Sorain, Prefect of Mayotte (2018–2019)
 * President of the Departmental Council – Soibahadine Ibrahim Ramadani, President of the Departmental Council of Mayotte (2015–2021)
 * 🇳🇨 New Caledonia (overseas country)
 * High Commissioner – Thierry Lataste, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2016–2019)
 * President of the Government – Philippe Germain, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2015–2019)
 * 🇫🇷 Réunion (overseas département and region)
 * Prefect – Amaury de Saint-Quentin, Prefect of Réunion (2017-2019)
 * President of the Regional Council – Didier Robert, President of the Regional Council of Réunion (2010–2021)
 * President of the Departmental Council – Cyrille Melchior, President of the Departmental Council of Réunion (2017–present)
 *  Saint-Barthélemy (Territorial collectivity)
 * Prefect – the prefect of Guadeloupe has also been state representative in Saint Barthélemy since 2007
 * Prefect-delegated –
 * Anne Laubies, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2015–2018)
 * Sylvie Daniélo-Feucher, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2018–2020)
 * President of the Territorial Council – Bruno Magras, President of the Territoria Council of Saint-Barthélemy (2007–present)
 * 🇫🇷 Saint-Martin (Territorial collectivity)
 * Prefect – the prefect of Guadeloupe has also been state representative in Saint Martin since 2007
 * Prefect-delegated –
 * Anne Laubies, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2015–2018)
 * Sylvie Daniélo-Feucher, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2018–2020)
 * President of the Territorial Council – Daniel Gibbs, President of the Territoria Council of Saint-Martin (2017–present)
 *  Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (overseas collectivity)
 * Prefect –
 * Henri Jean, Prefect of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2016–2018)
 * Thierry Devimeux, Prefect of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2018–2021)
 * President of the General Council – Stéphane Lenormand, President of the General Council of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2017–2020)
 * Tromelin Island (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 * 🇼🇫 Wallis and Futuna (overseas collectivity)
 * Administrator-Superior –
 * Jean-Francis Treffel, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2017–2018)
 * Christophe Lotigie, Acting Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2018–2019)
 * President of the Territorial Assembly – David Vergé, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2017–2019)
 * Alo (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
 * King –
 * Filipo Katoa, King of Alofi (2016–2018)
 * Lino Leleivai, King of Alofi (2018–present)
 * Sigave (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
 * King – Eufenio Takala, King of Sigave (2016–present)
 * Wallis (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
 * Kings disputed -
 * Felice Tominiko Halagahu, King of Wallis (co-claimant, 2016–present) or
 * Patalione Kanimoa, King of Wallis (co-claimant, 2016–present)

Netherlands

 * 🇦🇼 Aruba (autonomous territory)
 * Governor – Alfonso Boekhoudt, Governor of Aruba (2017–present)
 * Prime Minister – Evelyn Wever-Croes, Prime Minister of Aruba (2017–present)
 *  Bonaire (special municipality)
 * Lieutenant Governor – Edison Rijna, Lieutenant Governor of Bonaire (2014–present)
 * 🇨🇼 Curaçao (autonomous territory)
 * Governor – Lucille George-Wout, Governor of Curaçao (2013–present)
 * Prime Minister – Eugene Rhuggenaath, Prime Minister of Curaçao (2017–2021)
 *  Saba (special municipality)
 * Lieutenant Governor – Jonathan G. A. Johnson, Lieutenant Governor of Saba (2008–present)
 *  Sint Eustatius (special municipality)
 * Lieutenant Governor – Julian Woodley, Acting Lieutenant Governor of Sint Eustatius (2016–2018)
 * Government commissioner– Mike Franco, Government commissioner of Sint Eustatius (2018–2020)
 *  Sint Maarten  (autonomous territory)
 * Governor – Eugene Holiday, Governor of Sint Maarten (2010–present)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Rafael Boasman, Acting Prime Minister of Sint Maarten (2017–2018)
 * Leona Marlin-Romeo, Prime Minister of Sint Maarten (2018–2019)

New Zealand

 * 🇨🇰 Cook Islands (self-governing territory)
 * High Commissioner – Peter Marshall, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2017–2019)
 * Queen's Representative – Tom Marsters, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2013–present)
 * Prime Minister – Henry Puna, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2010–2020)
 * 🇳🇺 Niue (associated state)
 * High Commissioner –
 * Ross Ardern, High Commissioner of Niue (2014–2018)
 * Kirk Yates, High Commissioner of Niue (2018–2020)
 * Premier – Toke Talagi, Premier of Niue (2008–2020)
 * 🇳🇿 Ross Dependency (New Zealand Antarctic Territory) (territory)
 * administered by the New Zealand Antarctic Division
 * the New Zealand Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 * 🇹🇰 Tokelau (territory)
 * Administrator –
 * Jonathan Kings, Administrator of Tokelau (2017–2018)
 * Ross Ardern, Administrator of Tokelau (2018–present)
 * Head of Government –
 * Siopili Perez, Head of Government of Tokelau (2017–2018)
 * Afega Gaualofa, Head of Government of Tokelau (2018–2019)

Norway

 * 🇳🇴 Bouvet Island (territory)
 * administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 * 🇳🇴 Jan Mayen (territory)
 * administered by the governor of Nordland county in the Kingdom of Norway
 * 🇳🇴 Peter I Island (territory)
 * administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 * 🇳🇴 Queen Maud Land (territory)
 * administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 * the Norwegian Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 * 🇳🇴 Svalbard (territory)
 * Governor – Kjerstin Askholt, Governor of Svalbard (2015–2021)

Portugal

 *  Azores (autonomous region)
 * Representative of the (Portuguese) Republic – Pedro Manuel dos Reis Alves Catarino, Representative of the Republic in Azores (2011–present)
 * President of the Government – Vasco Cordeiro, President of the Government of the Azores (2012–2020)
 *  Madeira (autonomous region)
 * Representative of the (Portuguese) Republic – Irineu Cabral Barreto, Representative of the Republic in Madeira (2011–present)
 * President of the Government – Miguel Albuquerque, President of the Government of the Madeira (2015–present)

Spain

 * Alborán Island (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Ayuntamiento de Almería the Comarca of Almería of the Kingdom of Spain
 * 🇪🇸 Alhucemas Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Spanish Government
 *  Canary Islands (autonomous community)
 * Government-Delegate –
 * Mercedes Roldós Caballero, Government Delegate in the Canary Islands (2016–2018)
 * Elena Máñez, Government Delegate in the Canary Islands (2018–2019)
 * President – Fernando Clavijo Batlle, President of the Canary Islands (2015–2019)
 *  Ceuta (autonomous city)
 * Government-Delegate –
 * Nicolás Fernández Cucurull, Government Delegate in Ceuta (2015–2018)
 * Salvadora del Carmen Mateos Estudillo, Government Delegate in Ceuta (2018–present)
 * Mayor-President – Juan Jesús Vivas, Mayor-President of Ceuta (2001–present)
 * 🇪🇸 Chafarinas Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Spanish Government
 *  Melilla (autonomous city)
 * Government Delegate –
 * Abdelmalik El Barkani Abdelkader, Government Delegate in Melilla (2011–2018)
 * Sabrina Moh Abdelkader, Government Delegate in Melilla (2018–present)
 * Mayor-President – Juan José Imbroda, Mayor-President of Melilla (2000–2019)
 * 🇪🇸 Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Spanish Government

South Africa

 * Prince Edward Islands (uninhabited territory)
 * administered by the Director of Southern Ocean and Antarctic Support of the South African ministry for Branch of Oceans and Coasts of the Department of Environmental Affairs

Trinidad and Tobago
Tobago (autonomous territory)


 * Chief Secretary – Kelvin Charles, Chief Secretary of Tobago (2017–present)

United Kingdom / British Crown

 * 🇬🇧 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Overseas Territory)
 * Administrator – James Illingworth, Administrator of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (2017–2019)
 * 🇦🇮 Anguilla (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – Tim Foy, Governor of Anguilla (2017–2020)
 * Chief Minister – Victor Banks, Chief Minister of Anguilla (2015–2019)
 * 🇧🇲 Bermuda (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – John Rankin, Governor of Bermuda (2016–2020)
 * Premier – David Burt, Premier of Bermuda (2017–present)
 *  British Antarctic Territory (Overseas Territory)
 * Commissioner – Ben Merrick, Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory (2017–2021)
 * Administrator – Stuart Doubleday, Administrator of the British Antarctic Territory (2016–2020)
 * the British Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 * 🇮🇴 British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Islands) (Overseas Territory)
 * Commissioner – Ben Merrick, Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory (2017–2021)
 * Administrator – Linsey Billing, Administrator of British Indian Ocean Territory (2017–2020)
 *  British Virgin Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – Augustus Jaspert, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2017–2021)
 * Premier – Orlando Smith, Premier of the British Virgin Islands (2011–2019)
 * 🇰🇾 Cayman Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor –
 * Helen Kilpatrick, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2013–2018)
 * Franz Manderson, Acting Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018)
 * Anwar Choudhury, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018)
 * Franz Manderson, Acting Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018)
 * Martyn Roper, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018–present)
 * Premier – Alden McLaughlin, Premier of the Cayman Islands (2013–2021)
 *  Falkland Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – Nigel Phillips, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2017–2022)
 * 🇬🇮 Gibraltar (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – Edward Davis, Governor of Gibraltar (2016–2020)
 * Chief Minister – Fabian Picardo, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (2011–present)
 * 🇬🇬 Guernsey (Crown dependency)
 * Monarch – Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
 * Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Ian Corder, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2016–2021)
 * Bailiff – Sir Richard Collas, Bailiff of Guernsey (2012–2020)
 * President of the Policy and Resources Committee – Gavin St Pier, President of the Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey (2016–2020)
 *  Alderney (self-governing island of Guernsey)
 * President of the States – Stuart Trought, President of the States of Alderney (2011 – 2019)
 *  Sark (self-governing island of Guernsey)
 * Seigneur – Christopher Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (2016–present)
 * 🇯🇪 Jersey (Crown dependency)
 * Monarch – Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
 * Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Stephen Dalton, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2017–present)
 * Bailiff – William Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey (2015–2019)
 * Chief Minister –
 * Ian Gorst, Chief Minister of Jersey (2011–2018)
 * John Le Fondré, Chief Minister of Jersey (2018–present)
 * 🇮🇲 Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
 * Monarch – Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
 * Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Richard Gozney, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2016–2021)
 * Chief Minister – Howard Quayle, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2016–2021)
 * 🇲🇸 Montserrat (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor –
 * Elizabeth Carriere, Governor of Montserrat (2015–2018)
 * Lyndell Simpson, Acting Governor of Montserrat (2018)
 * Andrew Pearce, Governor of Montserrat (2018–2022)
 * Premier – Donaldson Romeo, Premier of Montserrat (2014–2019)
 *  Pitcairn Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor –
 * Robin Shackell, Acting Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2017–2018)
 * Laura Clarke, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2018–present)
 * Administrator –
 * Nicola Hebb, Administrator of the Pitcairn Islands (2016–2018)
 * Nicholas Kennedy, Administrator of the Pitcairn Islands (2018–2020)
 * Mayor – Shawn Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2014–2019)
 * 🇬🇧 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas Territory)
 *  Saint Helena
 * Governor –
 * Lisa Honan, Governor of Saint Helena (2016–2019)
 * Louise MacMorran, Acting Governor of Saint Helena (2018)
 *  Ascension
 * Governor – Lisa Honan, Governor of Ascension (2016–2019)
 * Administrator –
 * Marc Holland, Administrator of Ascension (2014–2018)
 * Justine Allan, Administrator of Ascension (2018–2019)
 *  Tristan da Cunha
 * Governor – Lisa Honan, Governor of Tristan da Cunha (2016–2019)
 * Administrator –
 * Sean Burns, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2016–2020)
 * Anne Biddle, Acting Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (for Sean Burns) (2017)
 *  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * administrated by the governor of the Falklands
 * 🇹🇨 Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas Territory)
 * Governor – John Freeman, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2016–2019)
 * Premier – Sharlene Cartwright-Robinson, Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2016–2021)

United States

 * 🇦🇸 American Samoa (unincorporated territory)
 * Governor – Lolo Matalasi Moliga, Governor of American Samoa (2013–2021)
 * 🇺🇸 Baker Island (unincorporated territory)
 * administrated by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇬🇺 Guam (unincorporated territory)
 * Governor – Eddie Calvo, Governor of Guam (2011–2019)
 * 🇺🇸 Guantánamo Bay (rented naval station)
 * Commander –
 * David Culpepper, Commander of the Guantanamo Bay Naval Station (2015–2019)
 * John A. Fischer, Commander of the Guantanamo Bay Naval Station (2018–present)
 * 🇺🇸 Howland Island (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇺🇸 Jarvis Island (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 *  Johnston Atoll (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇺🇸 Kingman Reef (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇺🇸 Midway Atoll (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇺🇸 Navassa Island (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇲🇵 Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth)
 * Governor – Ralph Torres, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2015–present)
 * 🇺🇸 Palmyra Atoll (incorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior
 * 🇵🇷 Puerto Rico (Commonwealth)
 * Governor – Ricardo Rosselló, Governor of Puerto Rico (2017–2019)
 *  United States Virgin Islands (unincorporated territory)
 * Governor – Kenneth Mapp, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (2015–2019)
 *  Wake Island (unincorporated territory)
 * administered by the US Department of the Interior

Others

 * 🇦🇶 Antarctica (territory with international status under the regulations of Antarctic Treaty, signed by 50 states; uninhabited territory)
 * Executive-Secretary –Albert Lluberas Bonaba (Uruguay)), Executive Secretary of Antarctic Treaty Secretariat (2017–present)
 * Marie Byrd Land
 * unclaimed territory in Antarctica
 * Paracel Islands
 * occupied by the People's Republic of China; claimed by Vietnam and the Republic of China (Taiwan)
 * Spratly Islands
 * claimed in their entirety by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam; portions claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; about 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam; Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef, but has not made any formal claim