List of mammals of Bhutan

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Bhutan. There are ninety mammal species in Bhutan, of which one is critically endangered, ten are endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Bovinae
 * Genus: Bos
 * Gaur, B. gaurus
 * Genus: Bubalus
 * Wild water buffalo, B. arnee
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Budorcas
 * Takin, B. taxicolor
 * Bhutan takin, B. t. whitei
 * Genus Capricornis
 * Mainland serow, C. sumatraensis
 * Genus: Hemitragus
 * Himalayan tahr, H. jemlahicus
 * Genus: Nemorhaedus
 * Himalayan goral, N. goral
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Argali, O. ammon presence uncertain
 * Genus: Pseudois
 * Bharal, P. nayaur
 * Family: Moschidae
 * Genus: Moschus
 * Alpine musk deer, M. chrysogaster
 * Black musk deer, M. fuscus
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Axis
 * Chital, A. axis
 * Indian hog deer, A. porcinus
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Wapiti, C. canadensis
 * Genus: Rucervus
 * Barasingha, R. duvaucelii
 * Genus Rusa
 * Sambar deer, R. unicolor
 * Subfamily: Muntiacinae
 * Genus: Muntiacus
 * Indian muntjac, M. muntjak
 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Porcula
 * Pygmy hog, P. salvanius presence uncertain
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Catopuma
 * Asian golden cat, C. temminckii
 * Genus: Felis
 * Jungle cat, F. chaus
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Genus: Otocolobus
 * Pallas's cat, O. manul
 * Genus: Pardofelis
 * Marbled cat, P. marmorata
 * Genus: Prionailurus
 * Leopard cat, P. bengalensis
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Neofelis
 * Clouded leopard, N. nebulosa
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard, P. pardus
 * Asiatic leopard
 * Indian leopard P. p. fusca
 * Tiger, P. tigris
 * Bengal tiger, P. t. tigris
 * Snow leopard, P. uncia
 * Family: Viverridae
 * Subfamily: Paradoxurinae
 * Genus: Arctictis
 * Binturong, A. binturong
 * Genus: Paguma
 * Masked palm civet, P. larvata
 * Genus: Paradoxurus
 * Asian palm civet, P. hermaphroditus
 * Subfamily: Prionodontinae
 * Genus: Prionodon
 * Spotted linsang, P. pardicolor
 * Subfamily: Viverrinae
 * Genus: Viverra
 * Large Indian civet, V. zibetha
 * Genus: Viverricula
 * Small Indian civet, V. indica
 * Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
 * Genus: Urva
 * Indian grey mongoose, U. edwardsii
 * Small Indian mongoose, U. auropunctata
 * Crab-eating mongoose, U. urva
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Ailuridae (lesser panda)
 * Genus: Ailurus
 * Red panda, A. fulgens
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * Indian jackal, C. a. indicus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Himalayan wolf, C. l. chanco
 * Genus: Cuon
 * Dhole, C. alpinus
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Bengal fox, V. bengalensis
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Melursus
 * Sloth bear, M. ursinus
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos possibly extirpated
 * Himalayan brown bear, U. a. isabellinus possibly extirpated
 * Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus
 * Himalayan black bear, U. t. laniger
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Aonyx
 * Asian small-clawed otter, A. cinereus
 * Genus: Arctonyx
 * Northern hog badger, A. albogularis presence uncertain
 * Genus: Lutra
 * Eurasian otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Lutrogale
 * Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata
 * Genus: Martes
 * Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Mountain weasel, M. altaica
 * Yellow-bellied weasel, M. kathiah
 * Siberian weasel, M. sibirica
 * Back-striped weasel, M. strigidorsa

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Platanistidae
 * Genus: Platanista
 * Ganges river dolphin, P. gangetica presence uncertain

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
 * Subfamily: Pteropodinae
 * Genus: Cynopterus
 * Greater short-nosed fruit bat, C. sphinx
 * Genus: Sphaerias
 * Blanford's fruit bat, S. blanfordi
 * Genus: Pteropus
 * Indian flying fox, P. giganteus
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Whiskered myotis, M. muricola
 * Himalayan whiskered bat, M. siligorensis
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Hesperoptenus
 * Tickell's bat, Hesperoptenus tickelli
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Indian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus coromandra
 * Genus: Scotozous
 * Dormer's bat, S. dormeri
 * Subfamily: Murininae
 * Genus: Murina
 * Round-eared tube-nosed bat, Murina cyclotis
 * Subfamily: Miniopterinae
 * Genus: Miniopterus
 * Small bent-winged bat, Miniopterus pusillus
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Chaerephon
 * Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat, Chaerephon plicata
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Intermediate horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus affinis
 * Pearson's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus pearsoni

Order: Lagomorpha
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century; they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
 * Family: Leporidae (hares and rabbits)
 * Genus: Caprolagus
 * Hispid hare, C. hispidus
 * Genus: Lepus
 * Indian hare, L. nigricollis presence uncertain
 * Woolly hare, L. oiostolus
 * Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
 * Genus: Ochotona
 * Plateau pika, O. curzoniae
 * Forrest's pika, O. forresti
 * Glover's pika, O. gloveri
 * Large-eared pika, O. macrotis
 * Nubra pika, O. nubrica
 * Royle's pika, O. roylei
 * Moupin pika, O. thibetana

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)
Scaly anteaters, or pangolins, are armored with large, overlapping scales made of matted hair. There are approximately seven species of pangolin, of which two occur in Bhutan. Pangolins lack teeth, and eat only ants and termites with the assistance of a long sticky tongue.


 * Family: Manidae (pangolins)
 * Genus: Manis
 * Indian pangolin, M. crassicaudata
 * Chinese pangolin, M. pentadactyla

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
 * Family: Rhinocerotidae
 * Genus: Rhinoceros
 * Indian rhinoceros, R. unicornis

Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
 * Suborder: Strepsirrhini
 * Infraorder: Lemuriformes
 * Superfamily: Lorisoidea
 * Family: Loridae
 * Genus: Nycticebus
 * Bengal slow loris, N. bengalensis
 * Suborder: Haplorhini
 * Infraorder: Simiiformes
 * Parvorder: Catarrhini
 * Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
 * Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
 * Genus: Macaca
 * Assam macaque, M. assamensis
 * Rhesus macaque, M. mulatta
 * Subfamily: Colobinae
 * Genus: Semnopithecus
 * Nepal gray langur, S. schistaceus
 * Genus: Trachypithecus
 * Gee's golden langur, T. geei
 * Capped langur, T. pileatus

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)
The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.


 * Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
 * Genus: Elephas
 * Asian elephant, E. maximus

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Ratufinae
 * Genus: Ratufa
 * Black giant squirrel, Ratufa bicolor
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Pteromyini
 * Genus: Belomys
 * Hairy-footed flying squirrel, Belomys pearsonii
 * Genus: Hylopetes
 * Particolored flying squirrel, Hylopetes alboniger EN
 * Genus: Petaurista
 * Bhutan giant flying squirrel, Petaurista nobilis
 * Subfamily: Callosciurinae
 * Genus: Callosciurus
 * Irrawaddy squirrel, Callosciurus pygerythrus LC
 * Genus: Tamiops
 * Himalayan striped squirrel, Tamiops macclellandi
 * Family: Spalacidae
 * Subfamily: Rhizomyinae
 * Genus: Cannomys
 * Lesser bamboo rat, Cannomys badius
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Sikkim mountain vole, Microtus sikimensis
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Mus
 * Gairdner's shrewmouse, Mus pahari
 * Earth-colored mouse, M. terricolor
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Himalayan field rat, Rattus nitidus
 * Sikkim rat, Rattus sikkimensis VU

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Grey shrew, Crocidura attenuata
 * Southeast Asian shrew, Crocidura fuliginosa
 * Horsfield's shrew, Crocidura horsfieldi
 * Genus: Suncus
 * Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus
 * Asian house shrew, S. murinus
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Anourosoricini
 * Genus: Anourosorex
 * Mole shrew, Anourosorex squamipes
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Chimarrogale
 * Himalayan water shrew, Chimarrogale himalayica
 * Genus: Nectogale
 * Elegant water shrew, Nectogale elegans
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus
 * Genus: Soriculus
 * Bailey's shrew, Soriculus baileyi
 * Hodgson's brown-toothed shrew, Soriculus caudatus
 * Long-tailed brown-toothed shrew, Soriculus leucops
 * Long-tailed mountain shrew, Soriculus macrurus
 * Himalayan shrew, Soriculus nigrescens
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Euroscaptor
 * Himalayan mole, Euroscaptor micrura

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Wild yak, Bos mutus