List of mammals of Germany

This list shows the IUCN Red List status of mammal species recorded in Germany. One of them is critically endangered, three are endangered, and several are near threatened. One of the species listed for Germany can no longer be found in the wild. The following tags are used to highlight each species' IUCN Red List status as published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara of South America can weigh up to 45 kg.
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Castoridae (beavers)
 * Genus: Castor
 * American beaver, C. canadensis introduced
 * Eurasian beaver, C. fiber
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Red squirrel, S. vulgaris
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Marmota
 * Alpine marmot, M. marmota
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula
 * Genus: Eliomys
 * Garden dormouse, E. quercinus
 * Genus: Muscardinus
 * Hazel dormouse, M. avellanarius
 * Subfamily: Glirinae
 * Genus: Glis
 * European edible dormouse, Glis glis
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Cricetus
 * European hamster, C. cricetus
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Arvicola
 * European water vole, A. amphibius
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
 * Grey red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Field vole, Microtus agrestis
 * Common vole, Microtus arvalis
 * Bavarian pine vole, Microtus bavaricus
 * Tundra vole, Microtus oeconomus
 * European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Mus
 * House mouse, M. musculus
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius
 * Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis
 * Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Brown rat, R. norvegicus
 * Black rat, R. rattus

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
 * Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * European hare, L. europaeus
 * Mountain hare, L. timidus
 * Genus: Oryctolagus
 * European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Erinaceus
 * West European hedgehog, E. europaeus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The Soricomorpha are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.


 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon
 * Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula
 * Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Neomys
 * Southern water shrew, N. anomalus
 * Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Alpine shrew, S. alpinus
 * Common shrew, S. araneus
 * Crowned shrew, S. coronatus
 * Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Talpa
 * European mole, T. europaea

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Brandt's bat, M. brandti
 * Pond bat, M. dasycneme
 * Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
 * Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
 * Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis
 * Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
 * Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Northern bat, E. nilssoni
 * Serotine bat, E. serotinus
 * Genus: Hypsugo
 * Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus
 * Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
 * Common noctule, N. noctula
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii
 * Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus
 * Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus
 * Genus: Vespertilio
 * Parti-coloured bat, V. murinus
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
 * Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.


 * Suborder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
 * Genus: Eubalaena
 * North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis
 * Family: Eschrichtiidae (gray whales)
 * Family: Balaenopteridae (rorqual)
 * Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata
 * Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis
 * Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus
 * Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus
 * Family: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Monodontidae (narwhals)
 * Genus: Monodon
 * Narwhal, Monodon monoceros
 * Genus: Delphinapterus
 * Beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas
 * Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
 * Genus: Phocoena
 * Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena or
 * Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus
 * Family: Kogiidae
 * Genus: Kogia
 * Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps
 * Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
 * Genus: Ziphius
 * Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris
 * Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
 * Genus: Hyperoodon
 * North Atlantic Bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus
 * Genus: Mesoplodon
 * Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Lagenorhynchus
 * White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris
 * Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus
 * Genus: Delphis
 * Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus
 * Genus: Globicephala
 * Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas
 * Genus: Pseudorca
 * False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, O. orca

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Felis
 * European wildcat, F. silvestris
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx reintroduced
 * Family: Viverridae
 * Subfamily: Viverrinae
 * Genus: Genetta
 * Common genet, G. genetta introduced, presence uncertain
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * European jackal, C. a. moreoticus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
 * Genus: Nyctereutes
 * Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides introduced
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Procyonidae
 * Genus: Procyon
 * Raccoon, P. lotor introduced
 * Family: Mustelidae
 * Genus: Lutra
 * European otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Martes
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * European pine marten, M. martes
 * Genus: Meles
 * European badger, M. meles
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Least weasel, M. nivalis
 * European polecat, M. putorius
 * Genus: Neogale
 * American mink, N. vison introduced
 * Family: Phocidae
 * Genus: Halichoerus
 * Grey seal, H. grypus
 * Genus: Phoca
 * Harbor seal, P. vitulina
 * Genus: Pusa
 * Ringed seal, P. hispida

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Bovinae
 * Genus: Bison
 * European bison, B. bonasus reintroduced
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capra
 * Alpine ibex, C. ibex reintroduced
 * Genus: Rupicapra
 * Chamois, R. rupicapra
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Red deer, C. elaphus
 * Genus: Dama
 * European fallow deer, D. dama introduced
 * Subfamily: Capreolinae
 * Genus: Alces
 * Moose, A. alces
 * Genus: Capreolus
 * Roe deer, C. capreolus
 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Bavarian pine vole, Microtus bavaricus
 * Common bent-wing bat, Miniopterus schreibersii
 * European mink, Mustela lutreola
 * European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus
 * Brown bear, Ursus arctos